Leucyl-tRNA synthetase 1 is required for proliferation of TSC-null cells

Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2021 Sep 24:571:159-166. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.07.080. Epub 2021 Jul 27.

Abstract

Uncontrolled cell proliferation associated with cancer depends on the functional abrogation of at least one of tumor suppressor. In response to nutrient cue, tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) works as a tumor suppressor which inhibits cell growth via negative regulation of the mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTORC1). However, the regulation mechanism of nutrient-dependent cell proliferation in TSC-null cells remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that leucine is required for cell proliferation through the activation of leucyl-tRNA synthetase (LARS1)-mTORC1 pathway in TSC-null cells. Cell proliferation and survival were attenuated by LARS1 knock-down or inhibitors in TSC-null cells. In addition, either rapamycin or LARS1 inhibitors significantly decreased colony formation ability while their combined treatment drastically attenuated it. Taken together, we suggest that LARS1 inhibitors might considered as novel tools for the regression of tumor growth and proliferation in TSC-null tumor cells which regrow upon discontinuation of the mTORC1 inhibition.

Keywords: Amino acids; Cell proliferation; LARS1; TSC; mTORC1.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Leucine-tRNA Ligase / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Nude
  • Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein / deficiency
  • Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein / metabolism*
  • Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein / deficiency
  • Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein / metabolism

Substances

  • Tsc1 protein, mouse
  • Tsc2 protein, mouse
  • Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein
  • Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 2 Protein
  • LARS protein, mouse
  • Leucine-tRNA Ligase