M2 Macrophage Marker Chitinase 3-Like 2 (CHI3L2) Associates With Progression of Conventional Renal Cell Carcinoma

Anticancer Res. 2019 Dec;39(12):6939-6943. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.13915.

Abstract

Background/aim: In spite of early detection, appoximately 15% of the small renal cell carcinomas (RCC) will develop metastasis within 5 years follow-up. The aim of this study was to identify new biomarkers to estimate the postoperative relapse of the most common conventional RCC.

Patients and methods: Tissue multi arrays of conventional RCC without metastasis at the time of operation from a cohort of 634 patients were analysed by immunohistochemistry for expression of the chitinase 3-like protein 2 (CHI3L2). Cancer specific survival of patients was estimated with Kaplan-Meier analysis, univariate and multivariate Cox regression models.

Results: Kaplan-Meier analysis estimated a shorter cancer-free survival for patients with CHI3L2 positive tumors. In multivariate analysis, the CHI3L2 positivity associated with a 3.5 times higher risk for tumor relapse (p<0.001).

Conclusion: Expression of CHI3L2 in tumor cells of conventional RCC define a group of patients at high risk for postoperative progression.

Keywords: CHI3L2; Conventional renal cell carcinoma; immunohistochemistry; postoperative tumor relapse; tissue microarray.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / metabolism
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / metabolism*
  • Carcinoma, Renal Cell / surgery
  • Chitinases / genetics
  • Chitinases / metabolism*
  • Disease Progression
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Humans
  • Kidney Neoplasms / genetics
  • Kidney Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Kidney Neoplasms / surgery
  • Macrophages / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / genetics
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / metabolism*
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / surgery
  • Nephrectomy
  • Prognosis
  • Survival Analysis
  • Tissue Array Analysis
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • CHI3L2 protein, human
  • Chitinases