Postendocytotic traffic of the galanin R1 receptor: a lysosomal signal motif on the cytoplasmic terminus

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2008 Apr 8;105(14):5609-13. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0801456105. Epub 2008 Apr 2.

Abstract

The neuropeptide galanin R1 receptor (GalR1) was tagged at its C terminus with EGFP (GalR1-EGFP) to study receptor localization and trafficking. In PC12 and HEK293 cells, functional GalR1-EGFP was expressed on the plasma membrane and internalized into cytoplasmic vesicles after galanin stimulation. The internalization was blocked by 0.4 M sucrose and by silencing of clathrin with siRNA methodology. Internalized GalR1-EGFP and LysoTracker, a lysosomal marker, overlapped in intracellular vesicles after prolonged galanin stimulation. This colocalization was strongly reduced after site-directed mutagenesis of the motif YXXØ on the C terminus of GalR1 (where Ø is a bulky hydrophobic residue and X any amino acid). Taken together, these data suggest that GalR1 is internalized via the clathrin-dependent, endocytic pathway and then, to a large extent, delivered to lysosomes for degradation through the lysosome-targeting signal YXXØ.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Amino Acid Motifs / physiology
  • Cell Line
  • Clathrin
  • Cytoplasm / metabolism
  • Endocytosis*
  • Endosomes / metabolism
  • Galanin / pharmacology
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins
  • Humans
  • Lysosomes / metabolism*
  • Protein Transport
  • Receptor, Galanin, Type 1 / metabolism*
  • Sucrose

Substances

  • Clathrin
  • Receptor, Galanin, Type 1
  • Green Fluorescent Proteins
  • Sucrose
  • Galanin