HIN-1, an inhibitor of cell growth, invasion, and AKT activation

Cancer Res. 2005 Nov 1;65(21):9659-69. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-1663.

Abstract

The HIN-1 gene encoding a small, secreted protein is silenced due to methylation in a substantial fraction of breast, prostate, lung, and pancreatic carcinomas, suggesting a potential tumor suppressor function. The receptor of HIN-1 is unknown, but ligand-binding studies indicate the presence of high-affinity cell surface HIN-1 binding on epithelial cells. Here, we report that HIN-1 is a potent inhibitor of anchorage-dependent and anchorage-independent cell growth, cell migration, and invasion. Expression of HIN-1 in synchronized cells inhibits cell cycle reentry and the phosphorylation of the retinoblastoma protein (Rb), whereas in exponentially growing cells, HIN-1 induces apoptosis without apparent cell cycle arrest and effect on Rb phosphorylation. Investigation of multiple signaling pathways revealed that mitogen-induced phosphorylation and activation of AKT are inhibited in HIN-1-expressing cells. In addition, expression of constitutively activate AKT abrogates HIN-1-mediated growth arrest. Taken together, these studies provide further evidence that HIN-1 possesses tumor suppressor functions, and that these activities may be mediated through the AKT signaling pathway.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Apoptosis / physiology
  • Breast Neoplasms / enzymology
  • Breast Neoplasms / metabolism
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology*
  • Cell Cycle / physiology
  • Cell Growth Processes / physiology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Movement / physiology
  • Cytokines / biosynthesis
  • Cytokines / genetics
  • Cytokines / physiology*
  • Enzyme Activation
  • Genes, Tumor Suppressor
  • Humans
  • Neoplasm Invasiveness
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins / biosynthesis
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins / genetics
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins / physiology*

Substances

  • Cytokines
  • SCGB3A1 protein, human
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt