Alternative titles; symbols
HGNC Approved Gene Symbol: MRPS18C
Cytogenetic location: 4q21.23 Genomic coordinates (GRCh38): 4:83,456,058-83,462,298 (from NCBI)
Mitochondria have their own translation system for production of 13 inner membrane proteins essential for oxidative phosphorylation. MRPS18C is a component of the small subunit of the mitochondrial ribosome that is encoded by the nuclear genome (Koc et al., 2001).
By proteolytic digestion of whole bovine 28S subunits, followed by peptide analysis and EST database analysis, Koc et al. (2001) identified full-length human MRPS18C, which they called MRPS18-1. The deduced MRPS18C protein contains 142 amino acids and has a calculated molecular mass of 15.9 kD. Removal of a predicted 39-amino acid N-terminal mitochondrial localization signal results in a mature 11.8-kD protein. Koc et al. (2001) noted that 1 Mrps18 protein is present in E. coli, whereas other organisms contain several Mrps18 orthologs. Humans have 3 MRPS18 proteins, MRPS18A (611981), MRPS18B (611982), and MRPS18C, that share sequence conservation only in their central regions. Mouse and human MRPS18C share 82% amino acid identity.
By genomic sequence analysis, Zhang and Gerstein (2003) mapped the MRPS18C gene to chromosome 4q21.23. They identified 6 MRPS18C pseudogenes scattered throughout the genome.
Koc, E. C., Burkhart, W., Blackburn, K., Moseley, A., Spremulli, L. L. The small subunit of the mammalian mitochondrial ribosome: identification of the full complement of ribosomal proteins present. J. Biol. Chem. 276: 19363-19374, 2001. [PubMed: 11279123] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M100727200]
Zhang, Z., Gerstein, M. Identification and characterization of over 100 mitochondrial ribosomal protein pseudogenes in the human genome. Genomics 81: 468-480, 2003. [PubMed: 12706105] [Full Text: https://doi.org/10.1016/s0888-7543(03)00004-1]