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Weill-Marchesani syndrome 1(WMS1)

MedGen UID:
1637058
Concept ID:
C4552002
Disease or Syndrome
Synonyms: ADAMTS10-Related Weill-Marchesani Syndrome; Weill-Marchesani syndrome 1, recessive; Weill-Marchesani Syndrome, Autosomal Recessive; WMS1
 
Gene (location): ADAMTS10 (19p13.2)
 
Monarch Initiative: MONDO:0010194
OMIM®: 277600

Disease characteristics

Excerpted from the GeneReview: Weill-Marchesani Syndrome
Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS) is a connective tissue disorder characterized by abnormalities of the lens of the eye, short stature, brachydactyly, joint stiffness, and cardiovascular defects. The ocular problems, typically recognized in childhood, include microspherophakia (small spherical lens), myopia secondary to the abnormal shape of the lens, ectopia lentis (abnormal position of the lens), and glaucoma, which can lead to blindness. Height of adult males is 142-169 cm; height of adult females is 130-157 cm. Autosomal recessive WMS cannot be distinguished from autosomal dominant WMS by clinical findings alone. [from GeneReviews]
Authors:
Pauline Marzin  |  Valérie Cormier-Daire  |  Ekaterini Tsilou   view full author information

Additional descriptions

From OMIM
Weill-Marchesani syndrome is a rare connective tissue disorder characterized by short stature, brachydactyly, joint stiffness, eye anomalies, including microspherophakia, ectopia of the lenses, severe myopia, and glaucoma, and, occasionally, heart defects (summary by Dagoneau et al., 2004). Genetic Heterogeneity of Weill-Marchesani Syndrome A phenotypically similar, autosomal dominant form of WMS (WMS2; 608328) is caused by mutation in the FBN1 gene (134797) on chromosome 15q21. Autosomal recessive WMS3 (614819) is caused by mutation in the LTBP2 gene (602091) on chromosome 14q24. Autosomal recessive WMS4 (613195) is caused by mutation in the ADAMTS17 gene (607511) on chromosome 15q24.  http://www.omim.org/entry/277600
From MedlinePlus Genetics
Weill-Marchesani syndrome is a disorder of connective tissue. Connective tissue forms the body's supportive framework, providing structure and strength to the muscles, joints, organs, and skin.

The major signs and symptoms of Weill-Marchesani syndrome include short stature, eye abnormalities, unusually short fingers and toes (brachydactyly), and joint stiffness. Adult height for men with Weill-Marchesani syndrome ranges from 4 feet, 8 inches to 5 feet, 6 inches. Adult height for women with this condition ranges from 4 feet, 3 inches to 5 feet, 2 inches.

Occasionally, heart defects or an abnormal heart rhythm can occur in people with Weill-Marchesani syndrome.

An eye abnormality called microspherophakia is characteristic of Weill-Marchesani syndrome. This term refers to a small, sphere-shaped lens, which is associated with nearsightedness (myopia) that worsens over time. The lens also may be positioned abnormally within the eye (ectopia lentis). Many people with Weill-Marchesani syndrome develop glaucoma, an eye disease that increases the pressure in the eye and can lead to blindness.  https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/weill-marchesani-syndrome

Clinical features

From HPO
Brachydactyly
MedGen UID:
67454
Concept ID:
C0221357
Congenital Abnormality
Digits that appear disproportionately short compared to the hand/foot. The word brachydactyly is used here to describe a series distinct patterns of shortened digits (brachydactyly types A-E). This is the sense used here.
Broad palm
MedGen UID:
75535
Concept ID:
C0264142
Congenital Abnormality
For children from birth to 4 years of age the palm width is more than 2 SD above the mean; for children from 4 to 16 years of age the palm width is above the 95th centile; or, the width of the palm appears disproportionately wide for the length.
Broad metacarpals
MedGen UID:
330796
Concept ID:
C1842229
Finding
Abnormally broad metacarpal bones.
Broad metatarsal
MedGen UID:
330797
Concept ID:
C1842231
Finding
Increased side-to-side width of a metatarsal bone.
Broad phalanges of the hand
MedGen UID:
867033
Concept ID:
C4021391
Anatomical Abnormality
Increased width of the phalanges of the hand.
Aortic valve stenosis
MedGen UID:
1621
Concept ID:
C0003507
Pathologic Function
The presence of a stenosis (narrowing) of the aortic valve.
Patent ductus arteriosus
MedGen UID:
4415
Concept ID:
C0013274
Congenital Abnormality
In utero, the ductus arteriosus (DA) serves to divert ventricular output away from the lungs and toward the placenta by connecting the main pulmonary artery to the descending aorta. A patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) in the first 3 days of life is a physiologic shunt in healthy term and preterm newborn infants, and normally is substantially closed within about 24 hours after bith and completely closed after about three weeks. Failure of physiologcal closure is referred to a persistent or patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). Depending on the degree of left-to-right shunting, PDA can have clinical consequences.
Ventricular septal defect
MedGen UID:
42366
Concept ID:
C0018818
Congenital Abnormality
A hole between the two bottom chambers (ventricles) of the heart. The defect is centered around the most superior aspect of the ventricular septum.
Mitral regurgitation
MedGen UID:
7670
Concept ID:
C0026266
Disease or Syndrome
An abnormality of the mitral valve characterized by insufficiency or incompetence of the mitral valve resulting in retrograde leaking of blood through the mitral valve upon ventricular contraction.
Pulmonic stenosis
MedGen UID:
408291
Concept ID:
C1956257
Disease or Syndrome
A narrowing of the right ventricular outflow tract that can occur at the pulmonary valve (valvular stenosis), below the pulmonary valve (infundibular stenosis), or above the pulmonary valve (supravalvar stenosis).
Short stature
MedGen UID:
87607
Concept ID:
C0349588
Finding
A height below that which is expected according to age and gender norms. Although there is no universally accepted definition of short stature, many refer to "short stature" as height more than 2 standard deviations below the mean for age and gender (or below the 3rd percentile for age and gender dependent norms).
Proportionate short stature
MedGen UID:
163901
Concept ID:
C0878660
Finding
A kind of short stature in which different regions of the body are shortened to a comparable extent.
Intellectual disability, mild
MedGen UID:
10044
Concept ID:
C0026106
Mental or Behavioral Dysfunction
Mild intellectual disability is defined as an intelligence quotient (IQ) in the range of 50-69.
Scoliosis
MedGen UID:
11348
Concept ID:
C0036439
Disease or Syndrome
The presence of an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine.
Joint stiffness
MedGen UID:
56403
Concept ID:
C0162298
Sign or Symptom
Joint stiffness is a perceived sensation of tightness in a joint or joints when attempting to move them after a period of inactivity. Joint stiffness typically subsides over time.
Brachycephaly
MedGen UID:
113165
Concept ID:
C0221356
Congenital Abnormality
An abnormality of skull shape characterized by a decreased anterior-posterior diameter. That is, a cephalic index greater than 81%. Alternatively, an apparently shortened anteroposterior dimension (length) of the head compared to width.
Hypoplasia of the maxilla
MedGen UID:
66804
Concept ID:
C0240310
Congenital Abnormality
Abnormally small dimension of the Maxilla. Usually creating a malocclusion or malalignment between the upper and lower teeth or resulting in a deficient amount of projection of the base of the nose and lower midface region.
Broad skull
MedGen UID:
98413
Concept ID:
C0424693
Finding
Increased width of the skull.
Lumbar hyperlordosis
MedGen UID:
263149
Concept ID:
C1184923
Finding
An abnormal accentuation of the inward curvature of the spine in the lumbar region.
Thin bony cortex
MedGen UID:
318844
Concept ID:
C1833325
Finding
Abnormal thinning of the cortical region of bones.
Broad ribs
MedGen UID:
336390
Concept ID:
C1848654
Finding
Increased width of ribs
Spinal canal stenosis
MedGen UID:
396107
Concept ID:
C1861329
Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormal narrowing of the spinal canal.
Shallow orbits
MedGen UID:
351328
Concept ID:
C1865244
Finding
Reduced depth of the orbits associated with prominent-appearing ocular globes.
Abnormal dental morphology
MedGen UID:
11849
Concept ID:
C0040427
Anatomical Abnormality
An abnormality of the morphology of the tooth.
Narrow palate
MedGen UID:
278045
Concept ID:
C1398312
Finding
Width of the palate more than 2 SD below the mean (objective) or apparently decreased palatal width (subjective).
Depressed nasal bridge
MedGen UID:
373112
Concept ID:
C1836542
Finding
Posterior positioning of the nasal root in relation to the overall facial profile for age.
Tooth malposition
MedGen UID:
377692
Concept ID:
C1852504
Finding
Abnormal alignment, positioning, or spacing of the teeth, i.e., misaligned teeth.
Thickened skin
MedGen UID:
66024
Concept ID:
C0241165
Finding
Laminar thickening of skin.
Ectopia lentis
MedGen UID:
41704
Concept ID:
C0013581
Congenital Abnormality
Dislocation or malposition of the crystalline lens of the eye. A partial displacement (or dislocation) of the lens is described as a subluxation of the lens, while a complete displacement is termed luxation of the lens. A complete displacement occurs if the lens is completely outside the patellar fossa of the lens, either in the anterior chamber, in the vitreous, or directly on the retina. If the lens is partially displaced but still contained within the lens space, then it is termed subluxation.
Glaucoma
MedGen UID:
42224
Concept ID:
C0017601
Disease or Syndrome
Glaucoma refers loss of retinal ganglion cells in a characteristic pattern of optic neuropathy usually associated with increased intraocular pressure.
Cataract
MedGen UID:
39462
Concept ID:
C0086543
Disease or Syndrome
A cataract is an opacity or clouding that develops in the crystalline lens of the eye or in its capsule.
High myopia
MedGen UID:
78759
Concept ID:
C0271183
Disease or Syndrome
A severe form of myopia with greater than -6.00 diopters.
Shallow anterior chamber
MedGen UID:
602215
Concept ID:
C0423276
Finding
Reduced depth of the anterior chamber, i.e., the anteroposterior distance between the cornea and the iris is decreased.
Blindness
MedGen UID:
99138
Concept ID:
C0456909
Disease or Syndrome
Blindness is the condition of lacking visual perception defined as a profound reduction in visual perception. On the 6m visual acuity scale, blindness is defined as less than 3/60. On the 20ft visual acuity scale, blindness is defined as less than 20/400. On the decimal visual acuity scale, blindness is defined as less than 0.05. Blindness is typically characterized by a visual field of no greater than 10 degrees in radius around central fixation.
Microspherophakia
MedGen UID:
288328
Concept ID:
C1562061
Congenital Abnormality
Microspherophakia (MSP) is a rare disease characterized by smaller and more spherical lenses than normal bilaterally, an increased anteroposterior thickness of the lens, and highly myopic eyes. Lens dislocation or subluxation may occur, leading to defective accommodation (summary by Ben Yahia et al., 2009). Microspherophakia may occur in association with ectopia lentis and glaucoma, Marfan syndrome (MFS; 154700), and Weill-Marchesani syndrome (WMS; 277600).

Term Hierarchy

CClinical test,  RResearch test,  OOMIM,  GGeneReviews,  VClinVar  

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Marzin P, Rondeau S, Alessandri JL, Dieterich K, le Goff C, Mahaut C, Mercier S, Michot C, Moldovan O, Miolo G, Rossi M, Van-Gils J, Francannet C, Robert MP, Jaïs JP, Huber C, Cormier-Daire V
J Med Genet 2024 Jan 19;61(2):109-116. doi: 10.1136/jmg-2023-109288. PMID: 37734846
Senthil S, Rao HL, Hoang NT, Jonnadula GB, Addepalli UK, Mandal AK, Garudadari CS
J Glaucoma 2014 Apr-May;23(4):262-7. doi: 10.1097/IJG.0b013e3182707437. PMID: 23059485
De Backer J
Verh K Acad Geneeskd Belg 2009;71(6):335-71. PMID: 20232788

Recent clinical studies

Diagnosis

Steinkellner H, Etzler J, Gogoll L, Neesen J, Stifter E, Brandau O, Laccone F
Eur J Hum Genet 2015 Sep;23(9):1186-91. Epub 2014 Dec 3 doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2014.264. PMID: 25469541Free PMC Article

Prognosis

Steinkellner H, Etzler J, Gogoll L, Neesen J, Stifter E, Brandau O, Laccone F
Eur J Hum Genet 2015 Sep;23(9):1186-91. Epub 2014 Dec 3 doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2014.264. PMID: 25469541Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Steinkellner H, Etzler J, Gogoll L, Neesen J, Stifter E, Brandau O, Laccone F
Eur J Hum Genet 2015 Sep;23(9):1186-91. Epub 2014 Dec 3 doi: 10.1038/ejhg.2014.264. PMID: 25469541Free PMC Article

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