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VIP vasoactive intestinal peptide [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 7432, updated on 11-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
VIPprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
vasoactive intestinal peptideprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:12693
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000146469 MIM:192320; AllianceGenome:HGNC:12693
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
PHM27
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene belongs to the glucagon family. It stimulates myocardial contractility, causes vasodilation, increases glycogenolysis, lowers arterial blood pressure and relaxes the smooth muscle of trachea, stomach and gall bladder. The protein also acts as an antimicrobial peptide with antibacterial and antifungal activity. Alternative splicing occurs at this locus and two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2014]
Expression
Biased expression in appendix (RPKM 33.5), colon (RPKM 12.6) and 3 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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See VIP in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
6q25.2
Exon count:
7
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 6 NC_000006.12 (152750797..152759760)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 6 NC_060930.1 (153952118..153961081)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 6 NC_000006.11 (153071932..153080895)

Chromosome 6 - NC_000006.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105378061 Neighboring gene heat shock protein family D (Hsp60) member 1 pseudogene 16 Neighboring gene MYC target 1 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr6:153042324-153043523 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 2840 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124901440 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124901439 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 25290

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Human CD4(+)CD45RA(+) T Cells Behavior after In Vitro Activation: Modulatory Role of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide. Villanueva-Romero R, et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2022 Feb 20. PMID 35216459, Free PMC Article
  2. VIP modulates human macrophages phenotype via FPRL1 via activation of RhoA-GTPase and PLC pathways. Harhous Z, et al. Inflamm Res, 2021 Mar. PMID 33502586
  3. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide-Secreting Tumors: A Review. Siddappa PK, et al. Pancreas, 2019 Oct. PMID 31609932
  4. Vasoactive intestinal peptide alleviates food allergy via restoring regulatory B cell functions. Zeng HT, et al. Immunobiology, 2019 Nov. PMID 31471097
  5. The Neuropeptide Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide Levels in Serum are Inversely Related to Disease Severity of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis: A Cross-Sectional Study. Wang W, et al. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers, 2019 Jul. PMID 31157986

See all (163) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Sympathetic System in Wound Healing: Multistage Control in Normal and Diabetic Skin.
    Title: Sympathetic System in Wound Healing: Multistage Control in Normal and Diabetic Skin.
  2. Donor plasmacytoid dendritic cells limit graft-versus-host disease through vasoactive intestinal polypeptide expression.
    Title: Donor plasmacytoid dendritic cells limit graft-versus-host disease through vasoactive intestinal polypeptide expression.
  3. Human CD4(+)CD45RA(+) T Cells Behavior after In Vitro Activation: Modulatory Role of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide.
    Title: Human CD4(+)CD45RA(+) T Cells Behavior after In Vitro Activation: Modulatory Role of Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide.
  4. Significance of serum VIP and PACAP in multiple sclerosis: an exploratory case-control study.
    Title: Significance of serum VIP and PACAP in multiple sclerosis: an exploratory case-control study.
  5. Changes in ghrelin, substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide levels in the gastroduodenal mucosa of patients with morbid obesity.
    Title: Changes in ghrelin, substance P and vasoactive intestinal peptide levels in the gastroduodenal mucosa of patients with morbid obesity.
  6. VIP modulates human macrophages phenotype via FPRL1 via activation of RhoA-GTPase and PLC pathways.
    Title: VIP modulates human macrophages phenotype via FPRL1 via activation of RhoA-GTPase and PLC pathways.
  7. Vasopressin in circadian function of SCN.
    Title: Vasopressin in circadian function of SCN.
  8. Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide-Secreting Tumors: A Review.
    Title: Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide-Secreting Tumors: A Review.
  9. The plasma levels of VIP observed in gastric cancer group were lower than in colorectal cancer patients (p = 0.01).
    Title: Changes in plasma levels of cholecystokinin, neurotensin, VIP and PYY in gastric and colorectal cancer - Preliminary results.
  10. Insufficient VIP levels in the microenvironment speeds IL-10 mRNA decay to cause regulatory B cell dysfunction. Administration of VIP can inhibit experimental colitis, suggesting the translational potential of VIP in the treatment of IgE(+) ulcerative colitis.
    Title: Vasoactive intestinal peptide stabilizes intestinal immune homeostasis through maintaining interleukin-10 expression in regulatory B cells.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (106)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env VIP is more potent at suppressing M-tropic than T-tropic HIV-1 gp120 chemotaxis PubMed
env Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) blocks HIV-1 gp120-induced neurotoxicity in culture PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC13587

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables hormone activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables neuropeptide hormone activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables peptide hormone receptor binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables peptide hormone receptor binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in body fluid secretion TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in epinephrine secretion IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in mRNA stabilization ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of protein catabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in prolactin secretion ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
involved_in regulation of protein localization IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in regulation of protein localization IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in extracellular region TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
is_active_in neuron projection IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
VIP peptides
Names
prepro-VIP

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_003381.4 → NP_003372.1  VIP peptides isoform 1 preproprotein

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_003372.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    BC009794, BM971673, DA914915
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS5240.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P01282, Q5TCY8, Q5TCY9, Q96QK3
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K7E4
    Related
    ENSP00000356213.3, ENST00000367244.8
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam00123
    Location:81 → 107
    Hormone_2; Peptide hormone

  2. NM_194435.3 → NP_919416.1  VIP peptides isoform 2 preproprotein

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_919416.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) lacks an alternate in-frame segment, compared to variant 1, resulting in a shorter protein (isoform 2), compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    BC009794, BM971673, DA914915
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS5241.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K7E4
    Related
    ENSP00000356212.3, ENST00000367243.7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam00123
    Location:81 → 107
    Hormone_2; Peptide hormone

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000006.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    152750797..152759760
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_006715562.5 → XP_006715625.1  VIP peptides isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_006715625.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K7E4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam00123
    Location:81 → 107
    Hormone_2; Peptide hormone

  2. XM_005267135.4 → XP_005267192.1  VIP peptides isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005267192.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A8K7E4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam00123
    Location:81 → 107
    Hormone_2; Peptide hormone

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060930.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    153952118..153961081
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054356314.1 → XP_054212289.1  VIP peptides isoform X1

  2. XM_054356315.1 → XP_054212290.1  VIP peptides isoform X2

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P01282.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P01282

Gene LinkOut

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