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PTX3 pentraxin 3 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 5806, updated on 22-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
PTX3provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
pentraxin 3provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9692
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000163661 MIM:602492; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9692
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
TSG-14; TNFAIP5
Summary
This gene encodes a member of the pentraxin protein family. The expression of this protein is induced by inflammatory cytokines in response to inflammatory stimuli in several mesenchymal and epithelial cell types, particularly endothelial cells and mononuclear phagocytes. The protein promotes fibrocyte differentiation and is involved in regulating inflammation and complement activation. It also plays a role in angiogenesis and tissue remodeling. The protein serves as a biomarker for several inflammatory conditions. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2016]
Expression
Biased expression in bone marrow (RPKM 32.2), appendix (RPKM 24.8) and 6 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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Location:
3q25.32
Exon count:
3
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 3 NC_000003.12 (157436850..157443633)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 3 NC_060927.1 (160211418..160218201)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 3 NC_000003.11 (157154639..157161422)

Chromosome 3 - NC_000003.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC101928236 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105374179 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs2571 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:156973526-156974057 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:156992312-156992853 Neighboring gene PCBP2 pseudogene 4 Neighboring gene ventricular zone expressed PH domain containing 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:157216797-157217361 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr3:157217362-157217925 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr3:157220998-157221232 Neighboring gene CRISPRi-validated cis-regulatory element chr3.4666 Neighboring gene solute carrier family 66 member 1 like, pseudogene Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_65660 Neighboring gene VISTA enhancer hs638 Neighboring gene RN7SK pseudogene 46

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Serum pentraxin 3 in systemic lupus erythematosus: A potential indicator of cutaneous disease activity. Ismail SA, et al. Lupus, 2023 Jun. PMID 37183233
  2. Pentraxin-3 and neonatal sepsis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Milas GP, et al. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med, 2023 Dec. PMID 37127619
  3. The Prognostic Value of Pentraxin-3 in COVID-19 Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Mortality Incidence. Capra AP, et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2023 Feb 10. PMID 36834949, Free PMC Article
  4. PENTRAXIN 3 LEVELS CORRELATE WELL WITH DISEASE SEVERITY AT ADMISSION IN COVID-19 PATIENTS. Işık ME, et al. Acta Clin Croat, 2022 Aug. PMID 36818928, Free PMC Article
  5. Long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) levels predict death, intubation and thrombotic events among hospitalized patients with COVID-19. Lapadula G, et al. Front Immunol, 2022. PMID 36389697, Free PMC Article

See all (475) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. The role of pentraxin 3 and oxidative status in the prognosis of multiple myeloma.
    Title: The role of pentraxin 3 and oxidative status in the prognosis of multiple myeloma.
  2. Pentraxin 3 exacerbates psoriasiform dermatitis through regulation of macrophage polarization.
    Title: Pentraxin 3 exacerbates psoriasiform dermatitis through regulation of macrophage polarization.
  3. Bone morphogenetic protein 6 induces downregulation of pentraxin 3 expression in human granulosa lutein cells in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
    Title: Bone morphogenetic protein 6 induces downregulation of pentraxin 3 expression in human granulosa lutein cells in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
  4. Long pentraxin 3 and vitamin D receptor mRNA expression pattern of cumulus granulosa cells isolated from PCOS oocytes at different stages of nuclear maturation.
    Title: Long pentraxin 3 and vitamin D receptor mRNA expression pattern of cumulus granulosa cells isolated from PCOS oocytes at different stages of nuclear maturation.
  5. Serum Pentaxin 3 (PTX3) Promotes NLRP3 Inflammasome and Pyroptosis in Patients with Up-Regulated Myasthenia Gravis.
    Title: Serum Pentaxin 3 (PTX3) Promotes NLRP3 Inflammasome and Pyroptosis in Patients with Up-Regulated Myasthenia Gravis.
  6. Role of long pentraxin PTX3 in cancer.
    Title: Role of long pentraxin PTX3 in cancer.
  7. Association of PTX3 gene polymorphisms and PTX3 plasma levels with leprosy susceptibility.
    Title: Association of PTX3 gene polymorphisms and PTX3 plasma levels with leprosy susceptibility.
  8. RNA m[6]A methylation modulates airway inflammation in allergic asthma via PTX3-dependent macrophage homeostasis.
    Title: RNA m(6)A methylation modulates airway inflammation in allergic asthma via PTX3-dependent macrophage homeostasis.
  9. Structural insights into the biological functions of the long pentraxin PTX3.
    Title: Structural insights into the biological functions of the long pentraxin PTX3.
  10. Association of polymorphisms in long pentraxin 3 and its plasma levels with COVID-19 severity.
    Title: Association of polymorphisms in long pentraxin 3 and its plasma levels with COVID-19 severity.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (448)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables (1->3)-beta-D-glucan binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables complement component C1q complex binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables complement component C1q complex binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables identical protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables virion binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in extracellular matrix organization IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in inflammatory response TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in innate immune response IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in innate immune response IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation by host of viral exo-alpha-sialidase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation by host of viral glycoprotein metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation by host of viral process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of exo-alpha-sialidase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of glycoprotein metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in negative regulation of viral entry into host cell IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in opsonization IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in ovarian cumulus expansion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of phagocytosis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in response to yeast IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in extracellular matrix IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in extracellular region TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
is_active_in extracellular space IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in extracellular space IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in specific granule lumen TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in tertiary granule lumen TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
pentraxin-related protein PTX3
Names
TNF alpha-induced protein 5
long pentraxin 3
tumor necrosis factor alpha-induced protein 5
tumor necrosis factor-inducible gene 14 protein
tumor necrosis factor-inducible protein TSG-14

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_051000.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5060..11843
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_002852.4 → NP_002843.2  pentraxin-related protein PTX3 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002843.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC020630, BC039733, BQ010272, DA716533
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS3180.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R6T6, P26022, Q38M82
    Related
    ENSP00000295927.3, ENST00000295927.4
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00159
    Location:175 → 381
    PTX; Pentraxin / C-reactive protein / pentaxin family
    cl23844
    Location:81 → 167
    Ble; Predicted trehalose synthase [Carbohydrate transport and metabolism]

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000003.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    157436850..157443633
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060927.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    160211418..160218201
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P26022.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P26022

Gene LinkOut

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