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POLR2C RNA polymerase II subunit C [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 5432, updated on 5-Mar-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
POLR2Cprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
RNA polymerase II subunit Cprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9189
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000102978 MIM:180663; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9189
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
RPB3; RPB31; hRPB33; hsRPB3
Summary
This gene encodes the third largest subunit of RNA polymerase II, the polymerase responsible for synthesizing messenger RNA in eukaryotes. The product of this gene contains a cysteine rich region and exists as a heterodimer with another polymerase subunit, POLR2J. These two subunits form a core subassembly unit of the polymerase. A pseudogene has been identified on chromosome 21. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in thyroid (RPKM 43.5), adrenal (RPKM 39.1) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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See POLR2C in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
16q21
Exon count:
9
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 16 NC_000016.10 (57462679..57472009)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 16 NC_060940.1 (63257856..63267198)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 16 NC_000016.9 (57496591..57505921)

Chromosome 16 - NC_000016.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene cytokine induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 5957 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 83 Neighboring gene coenzyme Q9 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:57506902-57507423 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:57507424-57507944 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:57508610-57509398 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:57519658-57520454 Neighboring gene docking protein 4 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:57541954-57542946 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:57543642-57544142 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_43689 Neighboring gene coiled-coil domain containing 102A Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:57562855-57563355 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10896 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10897 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:57566372-57566931 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:57566932-57567490 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 7531 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10898 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10899 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10900 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_43712 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 7532 Neighboring gene adhesion G protein-coupled receptor G5 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10901 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr16:57598339-57598840 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105371291 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_43740 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 7533 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 7534 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 10902 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107984889

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Rpb3 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma through its N-terminus. Fang ZP, et al. Oncotarget, 2014 Oct 15. PMID 25211001, Free PMC Article
  2. The amino acid sequence of the human RNA polymerase II 33-kDa subunit hRPB 33 is highly conserved among eukaryotes. Pati UK, et al. J Biol Chem, 1990 May 25. PMID 2187864
  3. RNA polymerase II subunit 3 regulates vesicular, overexpressed in cancer, prosurvival protein 1 expression to promote hepatocellular carcinoma. Hu P, et al. J Int Med Res, 2021 Apr. PMID 33845647, Free PMC Article
  4. Residue-by-Residue View of In Vitro FUS Granules that Bind the C-Terminal Domain of RNA Polymerase II. Burke KA, et al. Mol Cell, 2015 Oct 15. PMID 26455390, Free PMC Article
  5. Ribonucleic acid polymerase II binding subunit 3 (Rpb3), a potential nuclear target of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3. Oufattole M, et al. Endocrinology, 2006 May. PMID 16455777

See all (211) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. FUS low-complexicity phase separates to recruit RNA polymerase II C-terminal domain in vitro.
    Title: Residue-by-Residue View of In Vitro FUS Granules that Bind the C-Terminal Domain of RNA Polymerase II.
  2. These findings suggest that N-terminus of Rpb3 selectively inhibits Rpb3-high-expression hepatocellular carcinoma cells proliferation. N-terminus of Rpb3 may be useful in treating patients diagnosed with Rpb3-high-expression hepatocellular carcinoma.
    Title: Rpb3 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma through its N-terminus.
  3. eEF1gamma, in addition to its role in translation elongation complex, is involved in regulating Vimentin gene by contacting both pol II and the Vimentin promoter region and shuttling/nursing the Vimentin mRNA
    Title: The eEF1Îł subunit contacts RNA polymerase II and binds vimentin promoter region.
  4. Observational study of gene-disease association, gene-gene interaction, and gene-environment interaction. (HuGE Navigator)
    Title: Genetic polymorphisms in 85 DNA repair genes and bladder cancer risk.
  5. interaction between RPB3 and ATF4
    Title: Functional interaction of the subunit 3 of RNA polymerase II (RPB3) with transcription factor-4 (ATF4).
  6. Rpb3 is a potential nuclear target of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3
    Title: Ribonucleic acid polymerase II binding subunit 3 (Rpb3), a potential nuclear target of insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

HIV-1 interactions

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Replication interactions

Interaction Pubs
Knockdown of polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide C (POLR2C, 33kDa) by siRNA inhibits the early stages of HIV-1 replication in 293T cells infected with VSV-G pseudotyped HIV-1 PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env The transcription factors and kinases c-Jun, JNK, MEK, p38 MAPK, STAT-3, JAK-1, TFII D, TFII F, eIF-4E, and RNA polymerase II are induced by HIV-1 gp120 PubMed
Tat tat The interaction of Tip110 with HIV-1 Tat leads to a higher efficiency of elongation for RNAPII complexes formed on the LTR promoter PubMed
tat Expression of both Tip110 and Tat enhances phosphorylation of RNAPII at both serine 2 and serine 5, which account for Tip110 function in transcription activation PubMed
tat The interaction of Tip110 with HIV-1 Tat and the RNAPII C-terminal domain leads to the recruitment of increased CDK9/CycT1 to the transcription complex PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat complexes with RNA polymerase II and cellular transcription factors as part of the HIV-1 transcription preinitiation and elongation complexes and stimulates RNA polymerase II processivity by inducing the phosphorylation of its C-terminal Domain PubMed
tat A small molecule compound C3 inhibits HIV-1 replication by suppressing HIV-1 Tat-mediated HIV-1 LTR-driven gene expression and phosphorylation of RNAPII through inhibition of Tat binding to CycT1 PubMed
tat JQ1, a small molecule inhibitor of Brd4, directly dissociates Brd4 from HIV-1 promoter and promotes subsequently HIV-1 Tat binding to HIV-1 promoter, resulting in increased phosphorylation of RNA polymerase II and viral transcription PubMed
tat HIV-1 Tat 41/44 peptide TAALS from the core domain of Tat inhibits Tat-mediated HIV-1 gene expression and replication by binding the Cdk2/Cyclin E complex and inhibiting the phosphorylation of serine 5 of RNAPII PubMed
Vpr vpr HIV-1 Vpr interacts with basal transcription complexes such as P-TEFb, TFIIH, TFIID (TBP) and TFIIB which activate RNA polymerase II gene transcription PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables DNA binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
contributes_to RNA polymerase II activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein dimerization activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of RNA polymerase II, core complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of RNA polymerase II, core complex IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB3
Names
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II 33 kDa polypeptide
DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit C
RNA polymerase II subunit 3
RNA polymerase II subunit B3
RPB33
polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide C, 33kDa
polymerase (RNA) II subunit C
NP_116558.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_032940.3 → NP_116558.1  DNA-directed RNA polymerase II subunit RPB3

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_116558.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    BC003159, BI458170
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS10782.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O15161, P19387
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q6FGR6
    Related
    ENSP00000219252.4, ENST00000219252.10
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd07031
    Location:7 → 266
    RNAP_II_RPB3; RPB3 subunit of Eukaryotic RNA polymerase II

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000016.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    57462679..57472009
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060940.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    63257856..63267198
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

  1. NM_002694.2: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_002694.2: This RefSeq was permanently suppressed because it is a nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD) candidate.
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P19387.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P19387

Gene LinkOut

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