IDO1 indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1 [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: IDO1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name: indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1provided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:6059
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000131203 MIM:147435; AllianceGenome:HGNC:6059
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: IDO; INDO; IDO-1
Summary: This gene encodes indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) - a heme enzyme that catalyzes the first and rate-limiting step in tryptophan catabolism to N-formyl-kynurenine. This enzyme acts on multiple tryptophan substrates including D-tryptophan, L-tryptophan, 5-hydroxy-tryptophan, tryptamine, and serotonin. This enzyme is thought to play a role in a variety of pathophysiological processes such as antimicrobial and antitumor defense, neuropathology, immunoregulation, and antioxidant activity. Through its expression in dendritic cells, monocytes, and macrophages this enzyme modulates T-cell behavior by its peri-cellular catabolization of the essential amino acid tryptophan.[provided by RefSeq, Feb 2011]
Expression: Biased expression in placenta (RPKM 49.9), lymph node (RPKM 25.9) and 9 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 8p11.21

Exon count:: 10

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_10	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	8	NC_000008.11 (39913891..39928790)
RS_2023_10	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	8	NC_060932.1 (40190729..40205625)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	8	NC_000008.10 (39771410..39786309)

Chromosome 8 - NC_000008.11 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Deletion to Modulate Kynurenine Pathway and to Prevent Brain Injury after Cardiac Arrest in Mice.
Title: Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase Deletion to Modulate Kynurenine Pathway and to Prevent Brain Injury after Cardiac Arrest in Mice.
Low indoleamine 2, 3 dioxygenase (IDO) activity is associated with psycho-obstetric risk.
Title: Low indoleamine 2, 3 dioxygenase (IDO) activity is associated with psycho-obstetric risk.
IDO-1 impairs antitumor immunity of natural killer cells in triple-negative breast cancer via up-regulation of HLA-G.
Title: IDO-1 impairs antitumor immunity of natural killer cells in triple-negative breast cancer via up-regulation of HLA-G.
Expression of IDO1 in Tumor Microenvironment Significantly Predicts the Risk of Recurrence/Distant Metastasis for Patients With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Title: Expression of IDO1 in Tumor Microenvironment Significantly Predicts the Risk of Recurrence/Distant Metastasis for Patients With Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Upregulation of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 in Tumor Cells and Tertiary Lymphoid Structures is a Hallmark of Inflamed Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
Title: Upregulation of Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 in Tumor Cells and Tertiary Lymphoid Structures is a Hallmark of Inflamed Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.
IL-1beta mediates the induction of immune checkpoint regulators IDO1 and PD-L1 in lung adenocarcinoma cells.
Title: IL-1β mediates the induction of immune checkpoint regulators IDO1 and PD-L1 in lung adenocarcinoma cells.
Elevated indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity is associated with endothelial dysfunction in people living with HIV and ROS production in human aortic endothelial cells in vitro.
Title: Elevated indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity is associated with endothelial dysfunction in people living with HIV and ROS production in human aortic endothelial cells in vitro.
Human Synovial Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expressed Immunoregulatory Factors IDO and TSG6 in a Context of Arthritis Mediated by Alphaviruses.
Title: Human Synovial Mesenchymal Stem Cells Expressed Immunoregulatory Factors IDO and TSG6 in a Context of Arthritis Mediated by Alphaviruses.
Increased expression of IDO1 is associated with improved survival and increased number of TILs in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer.
Title: Increased expression of IDO1 is associated with improved survival and increased number of TILs in patients with high-grade serous ovarian cancer.
Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Deletion-Mediated Kynurenine Insufficiency Inhibits Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy.
Title: Indoleamine 2,3-Dioxygenase 1 Deletion-Mediated Kynurenine Insufficiency Inhibits Pathological Cardiac Hypertrophy.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (466)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
An atlas of genetic influences on human blood metabolites. EBI GWAS Catalog EBI GWAS CatalogPubMed

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120	env	HIV-1 gp120 upregulates the expression of indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3 dioxygenase (INDO) in human B cells	PubMed
	env	CCR5- or CXCR4-tropic HIV-1 induce the release of Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) in plasmacytoid dendritic cells and this induction is inhibited by the blockade of HIV-1 gp120 interaction with CD4 by anti-CD4-Ab	PubMed
Tat	tat	HIV-1 and the viral protein Tat modulate the expression of indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO1) in immature dendritic cells and monocyte-derived macrophages	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 clade B Tat up-regulates IDO and down-regulates serotonin transporter (5-HTT) gene and protein expressions in immature dendritic cells	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat-treated human monocyte derived-dendritic cells inhibit CD4+ T cell proliferation in an IDO dependent mechanism	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat-induced upregulation of IDO production requires the activity of IFN-gamma signaling pathway such as JAK and PI3K in human monocyte derived-dendritic cells	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat upregulates indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO1) expression in Jurkat T-cells	PubMed
	tat	HIV-1 Tat upregulates the expression of indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) mRNA in monocytes. The synthesis of IDO is greatly reduced in the presence of neutralizing anti-TNF antibodies	PubMed
Vpr	vpr	HIV-1 Vpr potentiates the suppression of indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase by glucocorticoids via the glucocorticoid receptor pathway	PubMed

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

GDB:313220 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:156441

SHGC-12674 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:22574

D8S2278 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:473906

D8S2279 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:473907

L18426 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:34648

D11S3114 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:152207

GDB:319998 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:156584

RH17694 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:12273

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables electron transfer activity	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
enables heme binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
enables metal ion binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in 'de novo' NAD biosynthetic process from tryptophan	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in T cell proliferation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in female pregnancy	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in inflammatory response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in kynurenic acid biosynthetic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in multicellular organismal response to stress	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of T cell apoptotic process	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of T cell proliferation	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in negative regulation of interleukin-10 production	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of T cell apoptotic process	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of T cell tolerance induction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of chronic inflammatory response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of interleukin-12 production	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in positive regulation of type 2 immune response	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
NOT involved_in regulation of activated T cell proliferation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in response to lipopolysaccharide	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in swimming behavior	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in tryptophan catabolic process	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in tryptophan catabolic process to kynurenine	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in tryptophan catabolic process to kynurenine	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in smooth muscle contractile fiber	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in stereocilium bundle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase 1

Names: indolamine 2,3 dioxygenase; indole 2,3-dioxygenase; indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase

NP_002155.1

EC 1.13.11.52

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.