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CD226 CD226 molecule [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 10666, updated on 11-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
CD226provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
CD226 moleculeprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:16961
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000150637 MIM:605397; AllianceGenome:HGNC:16961
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
PTA1; DNAM1; DNAM-1; TLiSA1
Summary
This gene encodes a glycoprotein expressed on the surface of NK cells, platelets, monocytes and a subset of T cells. It is a member of the Ig-superfamily containing 2 Ig-like domains of the V-set. The protein mediates cellular adhesion of platelets and megakaryocytic cells to vascular endothelial cells. The protein also plays a role in megakaryocytic cell maturation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015]
Expression
Broad expression in spleen (RPKM 2.4), lymph node (RPKM 1.3) and 15 other tissues See more
Orthologs
mouse all
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Genomic context

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Location:
18q22.2
Exon count:
10
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 18 NC_000018.10 (69853274..69961773, complement)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 18 NC_060942.1 (70070086..70220680, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 18 NC_000018.9 (67520510..67624035, complement)

Chromosome 18 - NC_000018.10Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105372179 Neighboring gene docking protein 6 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr18:67373070-67373873 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_49392 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107985138 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr18:67506461-67506962 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13475 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr18:67602408-67603607 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13477 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13480 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13479 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13478 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9538 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 9539 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13481 Neighboring gene MED14-independent group 3 enhancer GRCh37_chr18:67714790-67715989 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 7597 Neighboring gene rotatin Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13482 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13483 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 13484 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr18:67872991-67873620 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105372180 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124904321

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Upregulation of CD226 on subsets of T cells and NK cells is associated with upregulated adhesion molecules and cytotoxic factors in patients with tuberculosis. Qin Y, et al. Int Immunopharmacol, 2023 Jul. PMID 37244120
  2. Decrease in CD226 expression on CD4(+) T cells in patients with endometriosis. Li C, et al. Biosci Trends, 2023 May 15. PMID 37081668
  3. CD226 identifies functional CD8(+)T cells in the tumor microenvironment and predicts a better outcome for human gastric cancer. Huang H, et al. Front Immunol, 2023. PMID 37056782, Free PMC Article
  4. Functional Competence of NK Cells via the KIR/MHC Class I Interaction Correlates with DNAM-1 Expression. Shang QN, et al. J Immunol, 2022 Jan 15. PMID 34937746
  5. CD226 deficiency promotes glutaminolysis and alleviates mitochondria damage in vascular endothelial cells under hemorrhagic shock. Zhou S, et al. FASEB J, 2021 Nov. PMID 34669985

See all (153) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. [Expression of CD226 in the small intestinal group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) in mice].
    Title: [Expression of CD226 in the small intestinal group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3) in mice].
  2. CD155 and Its Receptors as Targets for Cancer Therapy.
    Title: CD155 and Its Receptors as Targets for Cancer Therapy.
  3. TIGIT can inhibit T cell activation via ligation-induced nanoclusters, independent of CD226 co-stimulation.
    Title: TIGIT can inhibit T cell activation via ligation-induced nanoclusters, independent of CD226 co-stimulation.
  4. Upregulation of the CD155-CD226 Axis Is Associated With Muscle Inflammation and Disease Severity in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies.
    Title: Upregulation of the CD155-CD226 Axis Is Associated With Muscle Inflammation and Disease Severity in Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies.
  5. Upregulation of CD226 on subsets of T cells and NK cells is associated with upregulated adhesion molecules and cytotoxic factors in patients with tuberculosis.
    Title: Upregulation of CD226 on subsets of T cells and NK cells is associated with upregulated adhesion molecules and cytotoxic factors in patients with tuberculosis.
  6. Decrease in CD226 expression on CD4[+] T cells in patients with endometriosis.
    Title: Decrease in CD226 expression on CD4(+) T cells in patients with endometriosis.
  7. CD226 identifies functional CD8[+]T cells in the tumor microenvironment and predicts a better outcome for human gastric cancer.
    Title: CD226 identifies functional CD8(+)T cells in the tumor microenvironment and predicts a better outcome for human gastric cancer.
  8. NKG2D engagement on human NK cells leads to DNAM-1 hypo-responsiveness through different converging mechanisms.
    Title: NKG2D engagement on human NK cells leads to DNAM-1 hypo-responsiveness through different converging mechanisms.
  9. The CD226/TIGIT axis is involved in T cell hypo-responsiveness appearance in long-term kidney transplant recipients.
    Title: The CD226/TIGIT axis is involved in T cell hypo-responsiveness appearance in long-term kidney transplant recipients.
  10. CD226 and TIGIT Cooperate in the Differentiation and Maturation of Human Tfh Cells.
    Title: CD226 and TIGIT Cooperate in the Differentiation and Maturation of Human Tfh Cells.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (130)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
A genome-wide meta-analysis identifies 22 loci associated with eight hematological parameters in the HaemGen consortium.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genetics of rheumatoid arthritis contributes to biology and drug discovery.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Genome-wide association analysis of autoantibody positivity in type 1 diabetes cases.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Host-microbe interactions have shaped the genetic architecture of inflammatory bowel disease.
EBI GWAS Catalog
New gene functions in megakaryopoiesis and platelet formation.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Robust associations of four new chromosome regions from genome-wide analyses of type 1 diabetes.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

HIV-1 interactions

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Replication interactions

Interaction Pubs
HIV-1 infection (VSV-G pseudotyped) of CEMT4 T cells downregulates plasma membrane expression of CD226 PubMed

Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Nef nef NK-cell mediated lysis of HIV-1-infected cells via the interaction between DNAM1 and PVR is reduced by HIV-1 Nef PubMed
Vif vif HIV-1 Vif downregulates the expression of CD226 in Vif-expression T cells PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables cell adhesion molecule binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables cell adhesion molecule binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables identical protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables integrin binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein kinase binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in cell adhesion IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in cell recognition TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in cytokine production IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of Fc receptor mediated stimulatory signaling pathway IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of T cell receptor signaling pathway IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of immunoglobulin mediated immune response IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of mast cell activation IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity directed against tumor cell target IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in signal transduction TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cell surface IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in external side of plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in membrane raft TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
CD226 antigen
Names
DNAX accessory molecule-1
T lineage-specific activation antigen 1 antigen
adhesion glycoprotein
platelet and T cell activation antigen 1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001303618.2 → NP_001290547.1  CD226 antigen isoform a precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001290547.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) differs in the 5' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1 and 2 encode the same isoform (a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC090231, AC091137, AK313199, U56102
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS11997.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R818, Q15762
    Related
    ENSP00000461947.1, ENST00000582621.6
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00410
    Location:138 → 240
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    cl11960
    Location:31 → 127
    Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

  2. NM_001303619.2 → NP_001290548.1  CD226 antigen isoform b

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001290548.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) differs in the 5' UTR, lacks a portion of the 5' coding region and initiates translation at a downstream start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (b) has a shorter N-terminus compared to isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC090231, GU935336
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS77197.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    J3QR77
    Related
    ENSP00000464084.1, ENST00000581982.5
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00410
    Location:45 → 85
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    cl11960
    Location:45 → 86
    Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

  3. NM_006566.4 → NP_006557.2  CD226 antigen isoform a precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_006557.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longer isoform (a). Variants 1 and 2 encode the same isoform.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC090231, U56102
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS11997.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R818, Q15762
    Related
    ENSP00000280200.4, ENST00000280200.8
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00410
    Location:138 → 240
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    cl11960
    Location:31 → 127
    Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000018.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    69853274..69961773 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_006722374.4 → XP_006722437.1  CD226 antigen isoform X3

    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00410
    Location:15 → 117
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    cl11960
    Location:13 → 117
    Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

  2. XM_005266642.4 → XP_005266699.1  CD226 antigen isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005266699.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R818, Q15762
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    smart00410
    Location:138 → 240
    IG_like; Immunoglobulin like
    cl11960
    Location:31 → 127
    Ig; Immunoglobulin domain

  3. XM_047437275.1 → XP_047293231.1  CD226 antigen isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R818, Q15762

  4. XM_047437274.1 → XP_047293230.1  CD226 antigen isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B2R818, Q15762

  5. XM_047437277.1 → XP_047293233.1  CD226 antigen isoform X4

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    J3QR77

  6. XM_047437276.1 → XP_047293232.1  CD226 antigen isoform X2

    Related
    ENSP00000463927.1, ENST00000579496.5

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060942.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    70070086..70220680 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054318150.1 → XP_054174125.1  CD226 antigen isoform X1

  2. XM_054318152.1 → XP_054174127.1  CD226 antigen isoform X1

  3. XM_054318154.1 → XP_054174129.1  CD226 antigen isoform X1

  4. XM_054318151.1 → XP_054174126.1  CD226 antigen isoform X1

  5. XM_054318148.1 → XP_054174123.1  CD226 antigen isoform X5

  6. XM_054318155.1 → XP_054174130.1  CD226 antigen isoform X1

  7. XM_054318149.1 → XP_054174124.1  CD226 antigen isoform X1

  8. XM_054318153.1 → XP_054174128.1  CD226 antigen isoform X1

  9. XM_054318157.1 → XP_054174132.1  CD226 antigen isoform X4

  10. XM_054318156.1 → XP_054174131.1  CD226 antigen isoform X6

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q15762.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q15762

Gene LinkOut

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Chemical Information
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Tools
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