An isoform of the hnRNP A1 was cloned from a cDNA library of monkey tracheobronchial epithelial (TBE) cells by differential hybridization. The cDNA clone MT77 has an insert of 1756 base pairs and the DNA sequence shares high homology to both human A1 alpha-type and beta-type isoforms with the exception of several differences in the coding and noncoding regions. Like the other two isoforms, MT77 has two polyadenylation sites. A probe prepared from the MT77 clone hybridizes to two message bands at 1.4 and 1.8 kb. Both messages were found in a polysomal preparation, suggesting that both messages are used in A1 protein synthesis. The expression of the A1 gene in monkey TBE cells is stimulated by vitamin A (retinol). The results of nuclear run-on transcriptional assays suggest that this stimulation occurs at the transcriptional level. Furthermore, this effect is not prevented, but superinduced, by cycloheximide. These results suggest that vitamin A may be directly involved in regulating A1 transcription through a mechanism similar to the interactions between the retinoic acid responsive elements and the nuclear receptors of retinoic acid.