Idiopathic scoliosis (IS) is the most common spinal deformity. Prevalence rates are reported between 0.3% and 13.3% respectively and depend on the screening methods being used. Girls are more likely to be affected than boys. The etiology of IS remains unknown, and its prognosis depends on various factors including age of onset, skeletal and sexual maturity, type and severity of the curve. Non-operative treatments are observation, bracing, physical exercise and electrical muscle-stimulation. Bracing of the adolescent idiopathic scoliosis has been proven to be effective and is indicated in curves between 25 degrees and 45 degrees Cobb and rapidly progredient curves under 25 degrees Cobb. Electrotherapy was promising, but failed to alter natural history of IS. Efficacy of physical exercise training in patients suffering from IS has not been evaluated.