REX-1 Represses RASSF1a and Activates the MEK/ERK Pathway to Promote Tumorigenesis in Prostate Cancer

Mol Cancer Res. 2021 Oct;19(10):1666-1675. doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-20-0974. Epub 2021 Jun 28.

Abstract

Epigenetics play an important role in the pathogenesis of prostate cancer; it is urgent to investigate vital transcription factors in methylation regulation with the aim to develop novel treatment strategies targeting prostate cancer. As a member of the zinc finger protein family, REX-1 (reduced expression-1) is a transcription factor that has been reported to be closely linked to the development of several cancers. So far, the expression level and precise function of REX-1 in prostate cancer remain largely unknown. Here, we show that REX-1 was overexpressed in prostate cancer clinical tissues, and its expression level was closely correlated with patient prognosis. REX-1 affected prostate tumor growth in vivo by MEK/ERK phosphorylation. Mechanistic studies indicated that REX-1 recruited DNMT3b (DNA methyltransferase 3b), inhibited the transcription of RASSF1a (RAS association domain family 1a), and further modulated methylation of RASSF1a promoter. Intervention of the REX-1/DNMT3b/RASSF1a axis may shed light on the development of novel therapeutic approaches for prostate cancer treatment. IMPLICATIONS: REX1 overexpression recruits DNMT3b and downregulates RASSF1a by promoter methylation, suggesting that epigenetic intervention may contribute to prostate cancer treatment.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Carcinogenesis / genetics*
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / genetics
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases / genetics
  • DNA Methylation / genetics
  • DNA Methyltransferase 3B
  • Epigenesis, Genetic / genetics
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / genetics
  • Humans
  • Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors / genetics*
  • MAP Kinase Signaling System / genetics*
  • Male
  • PC-3 Cells
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic / genetics
  • Prostate / pathology
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / genetics*
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / pathology
  • Transcription, Genetic / genetics
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins / genetics*

Substances

  • Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors
  • RASSF1 protein, human
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins
  • ZFP42 protein, human
  • DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases