Objectives: (1) To assess the evolution of prepalatoplasty sleep oximetry (PRESO) and postpalatoplasty sleep oximetry (POSSO) in cleft patients and (2) to evaluate the impact of the size of the nasopharynx on PRESO and POSSO values.
Study design: Retrospective cohort study.
Patients and methods: In 81 patients with cleft palate and/or cleft lip, the following data were prospectively collected: patient demographics and prepalatoplasty cleft palate measurements. All the patients had at least 1 PRESO and POSSO. A Kaplan-Meier curve was obtained from all the sleep oximetry results. Transverse nasopharyngeal area (TNA) pre- and postvalues were compared for each group with paired t tests, while analysis of variance was used to compare TNA pre- and postscores between the groups with a Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons.
Results: POSSO results were normal or showed mild desaturations in most patients in the few weeks following palatoplasty. For the cohort, no statistically significant changes were found between PRESO and POSSO values. A 2-fold variation in the area of the TNA was found before palatoplasty within identical cleft malformation cases. No statistically significant association was found between the TNA or the a/30 - b1 parameter values and the sleep study scores.
Conclusions: The patients with the smaller nasopharyngeal areas presented identical PRESO and POSSO results when compared to those with larger nasopharyngeal sizes. Future studies should address the possible association between prepalatoplasty and postpalatoplasty TNAs and the occurrence of velopharyngeal deficiency later in life.
Keywords: Pierre Robin sequence; airway obstruction; anatomy; maxilla; palatal development; palatoplasty; pharyngoplasty; skeletal morphology; sleep disorders; soft palate; surgical technique; velopharyngeal function.