Focused ultrasound enhanced intranasal delivery of brain derived neurotrophic factor produces neurorestorative effects in a Parkinson's disease mouse model

Sci Rep. 2019 Dec 18;9(1):19402. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-55294-5.

Abstract

Focused ultrasound-enhanced intranasal (IN + FUS) delivery is a noninvasive approach that utilizes the olfactory pathway to administer pharmacological agents directly to the brain, allowing for a more homogenous distribution in targeted locations compared to IN delivery alone. However, whether such a strategy has therapeutic values, especially in neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD), remains to be established. Herein, we evaluated whether the expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the rate limiting enzyme in dopamine catalysis, could be enhanced by IN + FUS delivery of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in a toxin-based PD mouse model. Mice were put on the subacute dosing regimen of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP), producing bilateral degeneration of the nigrostriatal pathway consistent with early-stage PD. MPTP mice then received BDNF intranasally followed by multiple unilateral FUS-induced blood-brain barrier (BBB) openings in the left basal ganglia for three consecutive weeks. Subsequently, mice were survived for two months and were evaluated morphologically and behaviorally to determine the integrity of their nigrostriatal dopaminergic pathways. Mice receiving IN + FUS had significantly increased TH immunoreactivity in the treated hemisphere compared to the untreated hemisphere while mice receiving only FUS-induced BBB opening or no treatment at all did not show any differences. Additionally, behavioral changes were only observed in the IN + FUS treated mice, indicating improved motor control function in the treated hemisphere. These findings demonstrate the robustness of the method and potential of IN + FUS for the delivery of bioactive factors for treatment of neurodegenerative disorder.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine / adverse effects
  • Administration, Intranasal
  • Animals
  • Basal Ganglia / drug effects
  • Basal Ganglia / pathology
  • Basal Ganglia / radiation effects
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / diagnostic imaging
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / drug effects
  • Blood-Brain Barrier / radiation effects
  • Brain / drug effects
  • Brain / pathology
  • Brain / radiation effects
  • Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / pharmacology*
  • Corpus Striatum / diagnostic imaging
  • Corpus Striatum / drug effects
  • Corpus Striatum / radiation effects
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Dopamine / biosynthesis
  • Dopamine / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Neuroprotective Agents / pharmacology
  • Parkinson Disease / genetics
  • Parkinson Disease / pathology
  • Parkinson Disease / therapy*
  • Parkinson Disease, Secondary / chemically induced
  • Parkinson Disease, Secondary / genetics
  • Parkinson Disease, Secondary / pathology
  • Parkinson Disease, Secondary / therapy*
  • Substantia Nigra / diagnostic imaging
  • Substantia Nigra / drug effects
  • Substantia Nigra / radiation effects
  • Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / genetics*
  • Ultrasonic Waves

Substances

  • Bdnf protein, mouse
  • Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor
  • Neuroprotective Agents
  • 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine
  • Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase
  • Dopamine