Nuclear Met promotes hepatocellular carcinoma tumorigenesis and metastasis by upregulation of TAK1 and activation of NF-κB pathway

Cancer Lett. 2017 Dec 28:411:150-161. doi: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.09.047. Epub 2017 Oct 6.

Abstract

Presence of Met receptor tyrosine kinase in the nucleus of cells has been reported. However, the functions of Met which expresses in the nucleus (nMet) remain elusive. In this study, we found that nMet was increased in 89% of HCC tumorous tissues when compared with the corresponding non-tumorous liver tissues. nMet expression increased progressively along HCC development and significantly correlated with cirrhosis, poorer cellular differentiation, venous invasion, late stage HCC and poorer overall survival. Western blot analysis revealed that nMet is a 48-kDa protein comprising the carboxyl terminal of Met receptor. Induced expression of nMet promoted HCC cell growth, migration and invasiveness in vitro and tumorigenesis and pulmonary metastasis in vivo. Luciferase assay showed that nMet activated NF-κB pathway. Indeed, p-IKKα/β and nuclear p-p65 were higher in nMet stable cells than in the control cells. Perturbation of TAK1/NF-κB axis abrogated the aggressiveness of HCC cells, both in vitro and in vivo. In conclusion, nMet was overexpressed and as a potential prognostic biomarker of HCC. Functionally, nMet accelerated HCC tumorigenesis and metastasis via the activation of TAK1/NF-κB pathway.

Keywords: Hepatocellular carcinoma; Metastasis; Nuclear Met; Nuclear factor kappa B; Transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Carcinogenesis / genetics
  • Carcinogenesis / metabolism
  • Carcinogenesis / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / genetics
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / metabolism*
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / pathology
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Nucleus / metabolism
  • Cell Proliferation / physiology
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Humans
  • Liver Neoplasms / genetics
  • Liver Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Liver Neoplasms / pathology
  • MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / genetics
  • MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred BALB C
  • Mice, Nude
  • NF-kappa B / genetics
  • NF-kappa B / metabolism*
  • Neoplasm Metastasis
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / biosynthesis
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met / metabolism*
  • Transfection
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • NF-kappa B
  • MET protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-met
  • MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases
  • MAP kinase kinase kinase 7