Emerging roles of rhomboid-like pseudoproteases in inflammatory and innate immune responses

FEBS Lett. 2017 Oct;591(20):3182-3189. doi: 10.1002/1873-3468.12796. Epub 2017 Aug 30.

Abstract

Rhomboid-like pseudoproteases are a conserved superfamily of proteins related to the rhomboid intramembrane serine proteases that lack key catalytic residues. iRhom2, a member of the rhomboid-like pseudoprotease superfamily, regulates the maturation and trafficking of ADAM17 and is associated with inflammatory arthritis. Recent studies demonstrate that iRhom2 is also involved in innate immunity by regulating the trafficking and stability of MITA (also called STING), which is a central adaptor in innate antiviral signalling pathways. Here, we summarize recent progress on the roles and mechanisms of iRhom2 and its homologues in innate immunity and also discuss the links between the physiological functions of iRhoms and immunological diseases.

Keywords: inflammatory responses; innate immunity; rhomboid-like pseudoprotease.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • ADAM17 Protein / genetics
  • ADAM17 Protein / immunology*
  • Animals
  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / enzymology
  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / genetics
  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / immunology*
  • Arthritis, Rheumatoid / pathology
  • Carrier Proteins / genetics
  • Carrier Proteins / immunology*
  • Epidermal Growth Factor / genetics
  • Epidermal Growth Factor / immunology
  • ErbB Receptors / genetics
  • ErbB Receptors / immunology
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Innate*
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Membrane Proteins / genetics
  • Membrane Proteins / immunology*
  • Protein Isoforms / genetics
  • Protein Isoforms / immunology
  • Protein Stability
  • Protein Transport
  • Signal Transduction
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / genetics
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / immunology

Substances

  • Carrier Proteins
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Protein Isoforms
  • RHBDF2 protein, human
  • STING1 protein, human
  • Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
  • Epidermal Growth Factor
  • EGFR protein, human
  • ErbB Receptors
  • ADAM17 Protein
  • ADAM17 protein, human