A case-control study was carried out that involved 203 individuals diagnosed with pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) and 203 healthy subjects. Genotyping of TLR1 rs5743551 and rs5743618 polymorphisms was done using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragments length polymorphism assay. We found that TLR1 rs5743551 variant affected the risk of PTB in the codominant (OR=3.28, 95% CI=1.98-5.45, P<0.0001, GA vs. GG; OR=1.86, 95% CI=1.05-3.28, P=0.033, AA vs. GG) and dominant (OR=2.69, 95% CI=1.67-4.34, P<0.0001, GA+AA vs. GG) inheritance models tested. The A allele was associated with a higher risk of PTB than the G allele (OR=1.33, 95% CI=1.01-1.75, P=0.049). The TG genotype of the rs5743618 variant significantly increased the risk of PTB compared to the risk associated with the TT genotype (OR=3.29, 95% CI=1.82-5.97, P<0.0001). The G allele was associated with a higher risk of PTB than the T allele (OR=3.00, 95% CI=1.69-5.31, P=0.0001). Our findings revealed that TLR1 rs5743551 and rs5743618 polymorphisms affected the risk of PTB in an Iranian population sample. Additional studies with larger sample sizes and involving subjects of different ethnicities are required to validate our present findings.
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