Dendritic cells in central nervous system autoimmunity

Christopher Sie; Thomas Korn

doi:10.1007/s00281-016-0608-7

Dendritic cells in central nervous system autoimmunity

Semin Immunopathol. 2017 Feb;39(2):99-111. doi: 10.1007/s00281-016-0608-7. Epub 2016 Nov 25.

Authors

Christopher Sie¹, Thomas Korn^{2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Neurology and Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
² Klinikum rechts der Isar, Department of Neurology and Department of Experimental Neuroimmunology, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany. thomas.korn@tum.de.
³ Munich Cluster for Systems Neurology (SyNergy), Munich, Germany. thomas.korn@tum.de.

PMID: 27888330
DOI: 10.1007/s00281-016-0608-7

Abstract

Dendritic cells (DCs) operate at the intersection of the innate and adaptive immune systems. DCs can promote or inhibit adaptive immune responses against neuroantigens. While DC intrinsic properties, i.e., their maturation state or the subset they belong to, are important determinants of the outcome of an autoimmune reaction, tissue-specific cues might also be relevant for the function of DCs. Thus, a better understanding of the performance of distinct DC subsets in specific anatomical niches, not only in lymphoid tissue but also in non-lymphoid tissues such as the meninges, the choroid plexus, and the inflamed CNS parenchyma, will be instrumental for the design of immune intervention strategies to chronic inflammatory diseases that do not put at risk basic surveillance functions of the immune system in the CNS. Here, we will review modern concepts of DC biology in steady state and during autoimmune neuroinflammation.

Keywords: Central nervous system; Dendritic cells; Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; Multiple sclerosis; T helper cells.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Animals
Antigen-Presenting Cells / drug effects
Antigen-Presenting Cells / immunology
Antigen-Presenting Cells / metabolism
Antigens / immunology
Autoimmunity*
Biomarkers
Central Nervous System / immunology*
Central Nervous System / metabolism*
Central Nervous System / pathology
Dendritic Cells / classification
Dendritic Cells / drug effects
Dendritic Cells / immunology*
Dendritic Cells / metabolism*
Drug Discovery
Histocompatibility Antigens / genetics
Histocompatibility Antigens / immunology
Humans
Immune Tolerance / immunology
Inflammation / immunology
Inflammation / metabolism
Inflammation / pathology
Lymphoid Tissue / immunology
Lymphoid Tissue / metabolism
Mice
Models, Animal
Multiple Sclerosis / drug therapy
Multiple Sclerosis / immunology
Multiple Sclerosis / metabolism
Multiple Sclerosis / pathology
Myelin Sheath / immunology
Phenotype
T-Lymphocyte Subsets / immunology
T-Lymphocyte Subsets / metabolism
T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / immunology
T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / metabolism

Substances

Antigens
Biomarkers
Histocompatibility Antigens