RIZ1 encodes a retinoblastoma (Rb)-interacting zinc finger protein, is commonly lost or expressed at reduced levels in cancer cells. The RIZ1 gene locus commonly undergoes LOH in many cancers. Here, we analyzed Proline insertion-deletion polymorphism at amino acid position 704 in the RIZ1 gene and its association with CML. The RIZ1 pro-704 LOH genotypes were determined by AS-PCR in 100 CML patients among which 50 were in CP-CML, 25 in AP-CML, and 25 in BC-CML. Pro704 ins/del polymorphism (LOH) was detected in 27% CML patients. Proline ins-ins homozygosity, del-del homozygosity and ins-del heterozygosity was detected in 9%, 18%, and 73% CML patients compared with 3%, 3%, and 94% in healthy controls, respectively (p < .0003). A four-fold increased risk was found to be associated del-del genotype. We found a statistically significant association between RIZ1 LOH and stage (p > .01) and hematological resistance (p > .001). However, there were no correlations found with other clinical parameters like age, gender, thrombocytopia, type of BCR-ABL, and molecular response. Our findings suggest that proline 704 del-del homozygosity phenotype can play an important role in progression of CML.
Keywords: Basic biology; drug resistance; genetic and other predisposing conditions.