Impact of inhospital stent thrombosis and cerebrovascular accidents on long-term prognosis after percutaneous coronary intervention

Am Heart J. 2014 Dec;168(6):862-8.e1. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2014.08.015. Epub 2014 Sep 16.

Abstract

Background: Inhospital stent thrombosis (ST) and cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) are rare but serious adverse events after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The association of ST or CVA with long-term outcome after PCI remains poorly investigated.

Methods: The study included 18,334 consecutive patients who underwent PCI. Patients were divided into 3 groups: the group with ST, the group with CVA, and the group without these events. The primary outcome was all-cause mortality at 3-year follow-up.

Results: Inhospital ST or CVA occurred in 59 patients (0.32%) and in 90 patients (0. 49%), respectively. There were 2,149 deaths (11.7%) during the follow-up: 26 deaths among patients with ST, 32 deaths among patients with CVA, and 2,091 deaths among patients without ST or CVA (Kaplan-Meier estimates of 3-year mortality 45.3%, 38.0%, and 12.9%, odds ratio 6.1, 95% CI 3.6-10.2, P < .001 for ST group vs the group without ST or CVA and odds ratio 4.2 [2.7-6.6], P < .001 for CVA group vs the group without ST or CVA). There was no significant difference in the 3-year mortality between CVA and ST groups (P = .29). The Cox proportional hazards model showed that ST (adjusted hazard ratio 4.97, 95% CI 2.58-9.56, P < .001) and CVA (adjusted hazard ratio 2.25 [1.25-4.04], P = .006) were independently associated with the increased risk of 3-year mortality.

Conclusion: Inhospital ST and CVA after PCI are associated with the increased risk of 3-year mortality. Both events seem to have a similar impact on long-term survival.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Coronary Angiography / methods
  • Coronary Artery Disease* / diagnosis
  • Coronary Artery Disease* / mortality
  • Coronary Artery Disease* / surgery
  • Drug-Eluting Stents / adverse effects*
  • Female
  • Germany / epidemiology
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular* / diagnosis
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular* / epidemiology
  • Graft Occlusion, Vascular* / mortality
  • Hospitalization / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / adverse effects*
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / methods
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / statistics & numerical data
  • Prognosis
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Stroke* / epidemiology
  • Stroke* / etiology
  • Thrombosis* / diagnosis
  • Thrombosis* / epidemiology
  • Thrombosis* / etiology
  • Thrombosis* / mortality
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome