Tyrosine phosphorylation within the intrinsically disordered cytosolic domains of the B-cell receptor: an NMR-based structural analysis

PLoS One. 2014 Apr 25;9(4):e96199. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0096199. eCollection 2014.

Abstract

Intrinsically disordered proteins are found extensively in cell signaling pathways where they often are targets of posttranslational modifications e.g. phosphorylation. Such modifications can sometimes induce or disrupt secondary structure elements present in the modified protein. CD79a and CD79b are membrane-spanning, signal-transducing components of the B-cell receptor. The cytosolic domains of these proteins are intrinsically disordered and each has an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM). When an antigen binds to the receptor, conserved tyrosines located in the ITAMs are phosphorylated which initiate further downstream signaling. Here we use NMR spectroscopy to examine the secondary structure propensity of the cytosolic domains of CD79a and CD79b in vitro before and after phosphorylation. The phosphorylation patterns are identified through analysis of changes of backbone chemical shifts found for the affected tyrosines and neighboring residues. The number of the phosphorylated sites is confirmed by mass spectrometry. The secondary structure propensities are calculated using the method of intrinsic referencing, where the reference random coil chemical shifts are measured for the same protein under denaturing conditions. Our analysis revealed that CD79a and CD79b both have an overall propensity for α-helical structure that is greatest in the C-terminal region of the ITAM. Phosphorylation of CD79a caused a decrease in helical propensity in the C-terminal ITAM region. For CD79b, the opposite was observed and phosphorylation resulted in an increase of helical propensity in the C-terminal part.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • CD79 Antigens / chemistry*
  • CD79 Antigens / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Intrinsically Disordered Proteins / chemistry
  • Intrinsically Disordered Proteins / metabolism
  • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular
  • Phosphorylation
  • Protein Processing, Post-Translational*
  • Protein Structure, Secondary
  • Protein Structure, Tertiary
  • Tyrosine / chemistry

Substances

  • CD79 Antigens
  • Intrinsically Disordered Proteins
  • Tyrosine

Grants and funding

The Swedish Research Council (research grant 2011-5994 and SWEDSTRUCT program); the Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC 001/12-271). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.