Interactions between the dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio and genetic factors determine susceptibility to pediatric Crohn's disease

Irina Costea; David R Mack; Rozenn N Lemaitre; David Israel; Valerie Marcil; Ali Ahmad; Devendra K Amre

doi:10.1053/j.gastro.2013.12.034

Interactions between the dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio and genetic factors determine susceptibility to pediatric Crohn's disease

Gastroenterology. 2014 Apr;146(4):929-31. doi: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.12.034. Epub 2014 Jan 7.

Authors

Irina Costea¹, David R Mack², Rozenn N Lemaitre³, David Israel⁴, Valerie Marcil⁵, Ali Ahmad⁶, Devendra K Amre⁷

Affiliations

¹ Public Health Agency of Canada, Montreal, Canada.
² Division of Gastroenterology, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, Canada.
³ Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington.
⁴ Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, British Columbia's Children's Hospital, Vancouver, Canada.
⁵ Research Institute, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
⁶ Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Research Centre, Le Centre Hospitalier Universitaire-Ste-Justine, Montreal, Canada.
⁷ Research Centre, Le Centre Hospitalier Universitaire-Ste-Justine, Montreal, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Montreal, Quebec, Canada. Electronic address: devendra.amre@gmail.com.

PMID: 24406470
DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2013.12.034

Abstract

Increased dietary ratios of ω6/ω3 polyunsaturated fatty acids have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD), but epidemiologic data are limited. We investigated whether variants of genes that control polyunsaturated fatty acid metabolism (CYP4F3, FADS1, and FADS2), along with the dietary ratio of ω6/ω3, confers susceptibility to CD. Based on data from 182 children newly diagnosed with CD and 250 controls, we found that children who consumed a higher dietary ratio of ω6/ω3 were susceptible for CD if they were also carriers of specific variants of CYP4F3 and FADS2 genes. Our findings implicate diet-gene interactions in the pathogenesis of CD.

Keywords: DNA; Fat Content; Food; Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

MeSH terms

Adolescent
Case-Control Studies
Child
Crohn Disease / enzymology
Crohn Disease / etiology*
Crohn Disease / genetics
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / genetics*
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / metabolism
Cytochrome P450 Family 4
Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase
Fatty Acid Desaturases / genetics*
Fatty Acid Desaturases / metabolism
Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / adverse effects*
Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / metabolism
Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / adverse effects*
Fatty Acids, Omega-6 / metabolism
Female
Genetic Predisposition to Disease
Humans
Male
Phenotype
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide*
Risk Factors

Substances

Delta-5 Fatty Acid Desaturase
Fatty Acids, Omega-3
Fatty Acids, Omega-6
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
Cytochrome P450 Family 4
CYP4F3 protein, human
Fatty Acid Desaturases
FADS1 protein, human
FADS2 protein, human

Supplementary concepts

Pediatric Crohn's disease