Incidence and prognostic value of bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention in patients older than 75 years of age

Catheter Cardiovasc Interv. 2014 Feb;83(2):182-9. doi: 10.1002/ccd.25189. Epub 2013 Oct 19.

Abstract

Objectives: We aimed to assess the impact of bleeding after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on the outcome of patients >75 years of age.

Background: Limited information exists on the impact of post-PCI bleeding on the outcome in elderly patients.

Methods: This study included 3,255 patients >75 years of age. Bleeding events were assessed using the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) criteria. The primary outcome was 1-year mortality.

Results: Within 30 days after PCI, bleeding occurred in 501 patients (15.4%). Bleeding according to BARC was: class 1 (170 patients; 33.9%), class 2 (81 patients; 16.2%), class 3a (177 patients; 35.3%), class 3b (65 patients; 13.0%), class 3c (four patients; 0.8%), and class 4 (four patients; 0.8%). There were 201 deaths within the first year after PCI: 61 deaths (12.3%) among bleeders and 140 deaths (5.1%) among nonbleeders (adjusted hazard ratio = 2.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.42-2.91, P < 0.001). Bleeding improved the discriminatory power of multivariable model for mortality prediction (P = 0.001). Female sex (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 1.49 [1.17-1.88], P = 0.001) and reduced renal function (adjusted OR = 1.30 [1.04-1.63], P = 0.019 for each 30 ml/min decrease in the creatinine clearance) were independent associates of increased bleeding risk. Bivalirudin reduced the bleeding risk by 24% compared with unfractionated heparin and 33% compared with abciximab plus unfractionated heparin.

Conclusions: Post-PCI bleeding is an important prognostic factor in patients >75 years of age. The risk for bleeding in this age category is increased in women and patients with impaired renal function. Bleeding risk is reduced by bivalirudin.

Keywords: bleeding; elderly; mortality; myocardial infarction; stenting.

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antithrombins / therapeutic use
  • Chi-Square Distribution
  • Female
  • Hemorrhage / epidemiology*
  • Hemorrhage / mortality
  • Hemorrhage / prevention & control
  • Hirudins
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Multivariate Analysis
  • Odds Ratio
  • Peptide Fragments / therapeutic use
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / adverse effects*
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention / mortality
  • Proportional Hazards Models
  • Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
  • Recombinant Proteins / therapeutic use
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Antithrombins
  • Hirudins
  • Peptide Fragments
  • Recombinant Proteins
  • bivalirudin