FES kinase promotes mast cell recruitment to mammary tumors via the stem cell factor/KIT receptor signaling axis

Mol Cancer Res. 2012 Jul;10(7):881-91. doi: 10.1158/1541-7786.MCR-12-0115. Epub 2012 May 15.

Abstract

KIT receptor is required for mast cell development, survival, and migration toward its ligand stem cell factor (SCF). Many solid tumors express SCF and this leads to mast cell recruitment to tumors and release of mediators linked to tumor angiogenesis, growth, and metastasis. Here, we investigate whether FES protein-tyrosine kinase, a downstream effector of KIT signaling in mast cells, is required for migration of mast cells toward SCF-expressing mammary tumors. Using a novel agarose drop assay for chemotaxis of bone marrow-derived mast cells (BMMC) toward SCF, we found that defects in chemotaxis of fes-null BMMCs correlated with disorganized microtubule networks in polarized cells. FES displayed partial colocalization with microtubules in polarized BMMCs and has at least two direct microtubule binding sites within its N-terminal F-BAR and SH2 domains. An oligomerization-disrupting mutation within the Fer/CIP4 homology-Bin/Amphiphysin/Rvs (F-BAR) domain had no effect on microtubule binding, whereas microtubule binding to the SH2 domain was dependent on the phosphotyrosine-binding pocket. FES involvement in mast cell recruitment to tumors was tested using the AC2M2 mouse mammary carcinoma model. These tumor cells expressed SCF and promoted BMMC recruitment in a KIT- and FES-dependent manner. Engraftment of AC2M2 orthotopic and subcutaneous tumors in control or fes-null mice, revealed a key role for FES in recruitment of mast cells to the tumor periphery. This may contribute to the reduced tumor growth and metastases observed in fes-null mice compared with control mice. Taken together, FES is a potential therapeutic target to limit the progression of tumors with stromal mast cell involvement.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Bone Marrow Cells* / cytology
  • Bone Marrow Cells* / metabolism
  • Female
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental* / genetics
  • Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental* / metabolism
  • Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental* / therapy
  • Mast Cells* / cytology
  • Mast Cells* / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fes* / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fes* / metabolism
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit* / genetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit* / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • Stem Cell Factor / genetics
  • Stem Cell Factor / metabolism
  • Stromal Cells / cytology
  • Stromal Cells / metabolism

Substances

  • Stem Cell Factor
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit
  • Fes protein, mouse
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fes