Integration of metabolomics and expression of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAM) in breast cancer-link to patient survival, hormone receptor status, and metabolic profiling

J Proteome Res. 2012 Feb 3;11(2):850-60. doi: 10.1021/pr200685r. Epub 2011 Dec 15.

Abstract

Changes in lipid metabolism are an important but not well-characterized hallmark of cancer. On the basis of our recent findings of lipidomic changes in breast cancer, we investigated glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAM), a key enzyme in the lipid biosynthesis of triacylglycerols and phospholipids. GPAM protein expression was evaluated and linked to metabolomic and lipidomic profiles in a cohort of human breast carcinomas. In addition, GPAM mRNA expression was analyzed using the GeneSapiens in silico transcriptiomics database. High cytoplasmic GPAM expression was associated with hormone receptor negative status (p = 0.013). On the protein (p = 0.048) and mRNA (p = 0.001) levels, increased GPAM expression was associated with a better overall survival. Metabolomic analysis by GC-MS showed that sn-glycerol-3-phosphate, the substrate of GPAM, was elevated in breast cancer compared to normal breast tissue. LC-MS based lipidomic analysis identified significantly higher levels of phospholipids, especially phosphatidylcholines in GPAM protein positive tumors. In conclusion, our results suggest that GPAM is expressed in human breast cancer with associated changes in the cellular metabolism, in particular an increased synthesis of phospholipids, the major structural component of cellular membranes.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Breast / chemistry
  • Breast / metabolism
  • Breast Neoplasms / chemistry
  • Breast Neoplasms / enzymology
  • Breast Neoplasms / metabolism*
  • Breast Neoplasms / pathology
  • Female
  • Glycerol-3-Phosphate O-Acyltransferase / biosynthesis*
  • Humans
  • Immunohistochemistry
  • Kaplan-Meier Estimate
  • Lipid Metabolism
  • Metabolome*
  • Metabolomics / methods*
  • Receptor, ErbB-2 / metabolism
  • Receptors, Estrogen / metabolism

Substances

  • Receptors, Estrogen
  • Glycerol-3-Phosphate O-Acyltransferase
  • Receptor, ErbB-2