Stem torsion in total hip replacement

Acta Orthop. 2010 Oct;81(5):579-82. doi: 10.3109/17453674.2010.524596.

Abstract

Background and purpose: The clinical results of THR may be improved by correct femoral torsion. We evaluated the stem position by postoperative CT examination in 60 patients.

Methods: 60 patients requiring total hip arthroplasty were prospectively enrolled in this study. Minimally invasive THR was performed (anterior approach) in a lateral decubitus position and each patient underwent a postoperative CT examination. The position of the stem was evaluated by an independent external institution.

Results: Stem torsion ranged from – 19° retrotorsion to 33° antetorsion. Normal antetorsion (i.e 10–15° according to Tönnis) was present in 5 of 60 patients, so the prevalence of abnormal stem antetorsion was 92% (95% CI: 82–97). We found a stem antetorsion outside the range of 0–25° in 21 of 60 hips. Women had a higher mean stem antetorsion (8.0° (SD 11)) than men (1.5° (SD 10)).

Interpretation: Postoperative stem antetorsion shows a high variability and is gender-related. We suggest precise assessment of stem antetorsion intraoperatively by means of computer navigation, preparing the femur first. In abnormal stem antetorsion, the cup position can be adjusted using a combined anteversion concept; alternatively, modular femoral components or stems with retroverted or anteverted necks ("retrostem") could be used.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip / adverse effects*
  • Female
  • Femur / diagnostic imaging
  • Hip Prosthesis / adverse effects
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Osteoarthritis, Hip / surgery
  • Pelvis / diagnostic imaging
  • Prospective Studies
  • Prosthesis Failure*
  • Range of Motion, Articular
  • Reproducibility of Results
  • Sex Factors
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed