IGHV gene mutational status and LPL/ADAM29 gene expression as clinical outcome predictors in CLL patients in remission following treatment with oral fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide

Ann Hematol. 2009 Dec;88(12):1215-21. doi: 10.1007/s00277-009-0742-6. Epub 2009 Apr 2.

Abstract

Several prognostic factors can predict the rapid progression in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), including IGHV mutational status, cytogenetic abnormalities and, more recently, LPL/ADAM29 expression. In contrast, few studies have been devoted to the influence of these factors on clinical outcome in responding patients after therapy. We here propose to analyse the impact of IGHV gene status, LPL and ADAM29 gene expression on disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) in 41 stage B or C CLL patients in remission after oral fludarabine plus cyclophosphamide. The median follow-up was of 64 (16-74) months. Sequencing of IGHV showed mutated (M) VH genes in 16 of 41 cases and unmutated (UM) in 25 cases. Analysis of LPL and ADAM29 expression in 35 of 41 cases showed overexpression of ADAM29 in 17 cases (14 M and three UM) and LPL in 18 cases (all UM). Patients expressing UM IGHV and LPL had shorter DFS and OS when compared to patients expressing M IGHV and/or ADAM29. Furthermore, blood minimal residual disease (MRD) evaluation using four-colour flow cytometry was performed in 33 out the 41 patients. We showed that patients who achieved phenotypic remission displayed longer DFS than those with MRD(+). Our results support the use of LPL and ADAM29 gene expression associated to IGHV mutational status for predicting the clinical outcome of patients treated by oral fludarabine + cyclophosphamide and could be considered for treatment strategies.

MeSH terms

  • ADAM Proteins / genetics*
  • Antineoplastic Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Biomarkers, Tumor / genetics
  • Cyclophosphamide / therapeutic use*
  • DNA Mutational Analysis
  • Disease-Free Survival
  • Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
  • Genes, Immunoglobulin Heavy Chain / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell* / drug therapy
  • Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell* / genetics
  • Lipoprotein Lipase / genetics*
  • Mutation
  • Remission Induction
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vidarabine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Vidarabine / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Antineoplastic Agents
  • Biomarkers, Tumor
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Lipoprotein Lipase
  • ADAM Proteins
  • ADAM29 protein, human
  • Vidarabine
  • fludarabine