New molecular components supporting ryanodine receptor-mediated Ca(2+) release: roles of junctophilin and TRIC channel in embryonic cardiomyocytes

Pharmacol Ther. 2009 Mar;121(3):265-72. doi: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2008.11.004. Epub 2008 Dec 3.

Abstract

Ca(2+) mobilization from intracellular stores is mediated by Ca(2+) release channels, designated ryanodine and IP(3) receptors, and directly regulates important cellular reactions including muscle contraction, endo/exocrine secretion, and neural excitability. In order to function as an intracellular store, the endo/sarcoplasmic reticulum is equipped with cooperative Ca(2+) uptake, storage and release machineries, comprising synergic collaborations among integral-membrane, cytoplasmic and luminal proteins. Our recent studies have demonstrated that junctophilins form junctional membrane complexes between the plasma membrane and the endo/sarcoplasmic reticulum in excitable cells, and that TRIC (trimeric intracellular cation) channels act as novel monovalent cation-specific channels on intracellular membrane systems. Knockout mice have provided evidence that both junctophilins and TRIC channels support efficient ryanodine receptor-mediated Ca(2+) release in muscle cells. This review focuses on cardiac Ca(2+) release by discussing pathological defects of mutant cardiomyocytes lacking ryanodine receptors, junctophilins, or TRIC channels.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Calcium / metabolism*
  • Cell Membrane / metabolism
  • Embryo, Mammalian / cytology
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum / metabolism*
  • Ion Channels / metabolism*
  • Membrane Proteins / metabolism*
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Myocytes, Cardiac / metabolism*
  • Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / genetics
  • Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / physiology*
  • Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / metabolism

Substances

  • Ion Channels
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel
  • TRIC-A protein, mouse
  • TRIC-B protein, mouse
  • junctophilin
  • Calcium