Hypoglycemic and antidiabetic effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of Annona squamosa L. in experimental animals

J Ethnopharmacol. 2005 May 13;99(1):75-81. doi: 10.1016/j.jep.2005.01.048.

Abstract

The ethanolic extract of Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae) leaves was administered orally at different doses to normal as well as streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. The dose of 350 mg/kg body weight (bw) reduced the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level by 6.0% within 1 h, whereas, the peak blood glucose at 1 h during glucose tolerance test (GTT) was reduced by 17.1% in normal rats. The same dose of ethanolic extract reduced FBG by 26.8% and improved glucose tolerance by 38.5 and 40.6% at 1 and 2 h, respectively, during GTT in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. In STZ-diabetic rats, a fall of 13.0% in FBG and an improvement in glucose tolerance by 37.2 and 60.6% at 1 and 2 h, respectively, was observed during GTT. The dose of 350 mg/kg bw of ethanolic extract in 10-day treatment of a group of STZ-diabetic rats produced 73.3% fall in FBG level and no sugar was observed in fasting urine. Treatment of severely-diabetic rabbits for 15 days with a dose of 350 mg/kg of extract reduce FBG by 52.7% and urine sugar by 75%. It brought about fall in the level of total cholesterol (TC) by 49.3% with increase of 30.3% in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and decrease of 71.9 and 28.7% in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides (TG) levels, respectively.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Annona / chemistry*
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism
  • Cholesterol / blood
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / drug therapy
  • Ethanol
  • Female
  • Glucose Tolerance Test
  • Glycosuria / drug therapy
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / pharmacology*
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / therapeutic use
  • Hypoglycemic Agents / toxicity
  • Lethal Dose 50
  • Male
  • Plant Extracts / pharmacology
  • Plant Extracts / therapeutic use
  • Plant Extracts / toxicity
  • Plant Leaves / chemistry
  • Rabbits
  • Rats
  • Rats, Wistar
  • Solvents
  • Triglycerides / blood

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Hypoglycemic Agents
  • Plant Extracts
  • Solvents
  • Triglycerides
  • Ethanol
  • Cholesterol