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Congenital deformity of foot

MedGen UID:
4762
•Concept ID:
C0016508
•
Congenital Abnormality
Synonyms: Congenital Foot Deformities; Congenital Foot Deformity; Deformities, Congenital Foot; Deformity, Congenital Foot; Foot Deformities, Congenital; Foot Deformity, Congenital
SNOMED CT: Congenital deformity of foot (302297009)

Definition

Alterations or deviations from normal shape or size which result in a disfigurement of the foot occurring at or before birth. [from MeSH]

Professional guidelines

PubMed

Diagnosis and Treatment of Idiopathic Congenital Clubfoot.
Cady R, Hennessey TA, Schwend RM
Pediatrics 2022 Feb 1;149(2) doi: 10.1542/peds.2021-055555. PMID: 35104362Free PMC Article
A guide to the management of paediatric pes planus.
Turner C, Gardiner MD, Midgley A, Stefanis A
Aust J Gen Pract 2020 May;49(5):245-249. doi: 10.31128/AJGP-09-19-5089. PMID: 32416653
Flatfeet: Biomechanical implications, assessment and management.
Kodithuwakku Arachchige SNK, Chander H, Knight A
Foot (Edinb) 2019 Mar;38:81-85. Epub 2019 Feb 11 doi: 10.1016/j.foot.2019.02.004. PMID: 30844660

Recent clinical studies

Etiology

The Treatment of Recurrent Congenital Clubfoot.
Radler C
Foot Ankle Clin 2021 Dec;26(4):619-637. Epub 2021 Aug 8 doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2021.07.001. PMID: 34752231
Forefoot malformations, deformities and other congenital defects in children.
Rampal V, Giuliano F
Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2020 Feb;106(1S):S115-S123. Epub 2019 Oct 21 doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2019.03.021. PMID: 31648997
Preaxial polydactyly of the foot.
Burger EB, Baas M, Hovius SER, Hoogeboom AJM, van Nieuwenhoven CA
Acta Orthop 2018 Feb;89(1):113-118. Epub 2017 Sep 26 doi: 10.1080/17453674.2017.1383097. PMID: 28946786Free PMC Article
Acro-cardio-facial syndrome.
Digilio MC, Dallapiccola B
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2010 Sep 29;5:25. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-5-25. PMID: 20920258Free PMC Article
Brachydactyly.
Temtamy SA, Aglan MS
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2008 Jun 13;3:15. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-3-15. PMID: 18554391Free PMC Article

Diagnosis

Congenital Vertical Talus.
Wirth T
Foot Ankle Clin 2021 Dec;26(4):903-913. Epub 2021 Oct 7 doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2021.08.002. PMID: 34752243
Polydactyly of the Foot: A Review.
Kelly DM, Mahmoud K, Mauck BM
J Am Acad Orthop Surg 2021 May 1;29(9):361-369. doi: 10.5435/JAAOS-D-20-00983. PMID: 33443388
Forefoot malformations, deformities and other congenital defects in children.
Rampal V, Giuliano F
Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2020 Feb;106(1S):S115-S123. Epub 2019 Oct 21 doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2019.03.021. PMID: 31648997
Talocalcaneal Coalitions.
Murphy JS, Mubarak SJ
Foot Ankle Clin 2015 Dec;20(4):681-91. Epub 2015 Oct 23 doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2015.07.009. PMID: 26589086
Tarsal coalitions.
Zaw H, Calder JD
Foot Ankle Clin 2010 Jun;15(2):349-64. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2010.02.003. PMID: 20534361

Therapy

Effects of the Short-Foot Exercise on Foot Alignment and Muscle Hypertrophy in Flatfoot Individuals: A Meta-Analysis.
Huang C, Chen LY, Liao YH, Masodsai K, Lin YY
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Sep 22;19(19) doi: 10.3390/ijerph191911994. PMID: 36231295Free PMC Article
Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet.
Evans AM, Rome K, Carroll M, Hawke F
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022 Jan 26;1(1):CD006311. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006311.pub4. PMID: 35080267Free PMC Article
Evidence for foot orthoses for adults with flatfoot: a systematic review.
Herchenröder M, Wilfling D, Steinhäuser J
J Foot Ankle Res 2021 Nov 29;14(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s13047-021-00499-z. PMID: 34844639Free PMC Article
Effects of Short-Foot Exercises on Foot Posture, Pain, Disability, and Plantar Pressure in Pes Planus.
Unver B, Erdem EU, Akbas E
J Sport Rehabil 2020 May 1;29(4):436-440. Epub 2019 Oct 18 doi: 10.1123/jsr.2018-0363. PMID: 30860412
Pediatric Flatfoot: Pearls and Pitfalls.
Ford SE, Scannell BP
Foot Ankle Clin 2017 Sep;22(3):643-656. Epub 2017 Jun 3 doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2017.04.008. PMID: 28779814

Prognosis

The Treatment of Recurrent Congenital Clubfoot.
Radler C
Foot Ankle Clin 2021 Dec;26(4):619-637. Epub 2021 Aug 8 doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2021.07.001. PMID: 34752231
Forefoot malformations, deformities and other congenital defects in children.
Rampal V, Giuliano F
Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2020 Feb;106(1S):S115-S123. Epub 2019 Oct 21 doi: 10.1016/j.otsr.2019.03.021. PMID: 31648997
Acro-cardio-facial syndrome.
Digilio MC, Dallapiccola B
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2010 Sep 29;5:25. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-5-25. PMID: 20920258Free PMC Article
Skewfoot.
Hagmann S, Dreher T, Wenz W
Foot Ankle Clin 2009 Sep;14(3):409-34. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2009.06.003. PMID: 19712883
Brachydactyly.
Temtamy SA, Aglan MS
Orphanet J Rare Dis 2008 Jun 13;3:15. doi: 10.1186/1750-1172-3-15. PMID: 18554391Free PMC Article

Clinical prediction guides

Imaging of pediatric foot disorders.
Reginelli A, Russo A, Turrizziani F, Picascia R, Micheletti E, Galeazzi V, Russo U, Sica A, Cioce F, Aliprandi A, Giovagnoni A, Cappabianca S
Acta Biomed 2018 Jan 19;89(1-S):34-47. doi: 10.23750/abm.v89i1-S.7009. PMID: 29350636Free PMC Article
Ponseti method in the management of clubfoot under 2 years of age: A systematic review.
Ganesan B, Luximon A, Al-Jumaily A, Balasankar SK, Naik GR
PLoS One 2017;12(6):e0178299. Epub 2017 Jun 20 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178299. PMID: 28632733Free PMC Article
Pediatric Pes Planus: A State-of-the-Art Review.
Carr JB 2nd, Yang S, Lather LA
Pediatrics 2016 Mar;137(3):e20151230. Epub 2016 Feb 17 doi: 10.1542/peds.2015-1230. PMID: 26908688
Talocalcaneal Coalitions.
Murphy JS, Mubarak SJ
Foot Ankle Clin 2015 Dec;20(4):681-91. Epub 2015 Oct 23 doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2015.07.009. PMID: 26589086
Skewfoot.
Hagmann S, Dreher T, Wenz W
Foot Ankle Clin 2009 Sep;14(3):409-34. doi: 10.1016/j.fcl.2009.06.003. PMID: 19712883

Recent systematic reviews

The effects of short foot exercises to treat flat foot deformity: A systematic review.
Hara S, Kitano M, Kudo S
J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2023;36(1):21-33. doi: 10.3233/BMR-210374. PMID: 35871320
Risk Factors of Flatfoot in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Xu L, Gu H, Zhang Y, Sun T, Yu J
Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022 Jul 6;19(14) doi: 10.3390/ijerph19148247. PMID: 35886097Free PMC Article
Foot orthoses for treating paediatric flat feet.
Evans AM, Rome K, Carroll M, Hawke F
Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2022 Jan 26;1(1):CD006311. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD006311.pub4. PMID: 35080267Free PMC Article
Evidence for foot orthoses for adults with flatfoot: a systematic review.
Herchenröder M, Wilfling D, Steinhäuser J
J Foot Ankle Res 2021 Nov 29;14(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s13047-021-00499-z. PMID: 34844639Free PMC Article
The effectiveness of non-surgical intervention (Foot Orthoses) for paediatric flexible pes planus: A systematic review: Update.
Dars S, Uden H, Banwell HA, Kumar S
PLoS One 2018;13(2):e0193060. Epub 2018 Feb 16 doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0193060. PMID: 29451921Free PMC Article

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