RHOG ras homolog family member G [Homo sapiens (human)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: RHOGprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name: ras homolog family member Gprovided by HGNC
Primary source: HGNC:HGNC:672
See related: Ensembl:ENSG00000177105 MIM:179505; AllianceGenome:HGNC:672
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: VALIDATED
Organism: Homo sapiens
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as: ARHG
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the Rho family of small GTPases, which cycle between inactive GDP-bound and active GTP-bound states and function as molecular switches in signal transduction cascades. Rho proteins promote reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton and regulate cell shape, attachment, and motility. The encoded protein facilitates translocation of a functional guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) complex from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane where ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 is activated to promote lamellipodium formation and cell migration. Two related pseudogene have been identified on chromosomes 20 and X. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2011]
Expression: Broad expression in bone marrow (RPKM 74.8), spleen (RPKM 41.3) and 24 other tissues See more
Orthologs: mouse all
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Genomic context

Location:: 11p15.4

Exon count:: 2

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2023_10	current	GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40)	11	NC_000011.10 (3826978..3840959, complement)
RS_2023_10	current	T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1)	11	NC_060935.1 (3892305..3906292, complement)
105.20220307	previous assembly	GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25)	11	NC_000011.9 (3848208..3862189, complement)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000011.10 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
BioProject: PRJEB4337
Publication: PMID 24309898
Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

RhoG deficiency abrogates cytotoxicity of human lymphocytes and causes hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
Title: RhoG deficiency abrogates cytotoxicity of human lymphocytes and causes hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.
miR1243p inhibits the viability and motility of glioblastoma multiforme by targeting RhoG.
Title: miR‑124‑3p inhibits the viability and motility of glioblastoma multiforme by targeting RhoG.
Regulation of Ras homolog family member G by microRNA-124 regulates proliferation and migration of human retinal pigment epithelial cells.
Title: Regulation of Ras homolog family member G by microRNA-124 regulates proliferation and migration of human retinal pigment epithelial cells.
The small GTPase RhoG regulates microtubule-mediated focal adhesion disassembly.
Title: The small GTPase RhoG regulates microtubule-mediated focal adhesion disassembly.
RhoG/Rac1 signaling pathway was involved in salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma (SACC) cell migration and invasion. RhoG/Rac1 at least partially mediated epiregulin/Src/AKT/ERK1/2 signaling to promote SACC cell migration and invasion.
Title: RhoG/Rac1 signaling pathway involved in migration and invasion of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma cells.
siRNA-mediated depletion of RHOG strongly inhibits tube formation in vascular endothelial cells (ECV cells), an effect reversed by transfecting dominant active constructs of CDC42 or RAC1 in the RHOG-depleted cells.
Title: RHOG Activates RAC1 through CDC42 Leading to Tube Formation in Vascular Endothelial Cells.
High RHOG expression is associated with lung adenocarcinoma.
Title: SGEF is a potential prognostic and therapeutic target for lung adenocarcinoma.
RhoG and SGEF modulate the phosphorylation of paxillin, which plays a key role during invadopodia disassembly.
Title: A RhoG-mediated signaling pathway that modulates invadopodia dynamics in breast cancer cells.
yrosine phosphorylation of SGEF suppresses its interaction with RhoG, the elevation of RhoG activity, and SGEF-mediated promotion of cell migration. We identified tyrosine 530 (Y530), which is located within the Dbl homology domain, as a major phosphorylation site of SGEF by Src, and Y530F mutation blocked the inhibitory effect of Src on SGEF
Title: Tyrosine Phosphorylation of SGEF Regulates RhoG Activity and Cell Migration.
These results suggest that the levels of RhoG and RhoB GTPases and their negative regulator RhoGDI3 might be linked to the aggressiveness of the pancreatic cancerous cell lines. It is possible that RhoGDI3 could induce the downregulation of RhoG and RhoB.
Title: Immunological and Functional Characterization of RhoGDI3 and Its Molecular Targets RhoG and RhoB in Human Pancreatic Cancerous and Normal Cells.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (29)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein	Gene	Interaction	Pubs
Vpr	vpr	HIV-1 Vpr-expressing Jurkat T cell clones showed a significant upregulation of RhoG expression	PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

D11S2344 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:151808

D11S2345 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:151809

D11S2346 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:151810

ARHG_57 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:277012

G05404 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:51762

WI-9059 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:78911

D11S4526 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:38035

D1Bda69 (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:239820

NoName (e-PCR)
- UniSTS:489703

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables GTP binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables GTPase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables GTPase activity	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein kinase binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in Rac protein signal transduction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within Rac protein signal transduction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within Rho protein signal transduction	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
acts_upstream_of_or_within actin cytoskeleton organization	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in actin filament organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in activation of GTPase activity	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell chemotaxis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cell chemotaxis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cortical cytoskeleton organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in establishment or maintenance of cell polarity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of cell population proliferation	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of protein localization to plasma membrane	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of cell shape	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of postsynapse assembly	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of postsynapse assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of ruffle assembly	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cell projection	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in cytoplasmic vesicle	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in cytoskeleton	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in cytosol	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
located_in extracellular exosome	HDA more info	PubMed
located_in focal adhesion	HDA more info	PubMed
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in glutamatergic synapse	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in plasma membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info
is_active_in postsynapse	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
is_active_in postsynapse	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
located_in secretory granule membrane	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoG

Names: ras homolog gene family, member G (rho G)

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001665.4 → NP_001656.2 rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoG

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001656.2

Status: VALIDATED

Source sequence(s)

AA424888, BC104178, CB125569

Consensus CDS

CCDS7748.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P35238, P84095, Q8NI04

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q6ICQ8

Related

ENSP00000339467.4, ENST00000351018.5

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd01875
Location:1 → 191

RhoG; Ras homolog family, member G (RhoG) of small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases)

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

NC_000011.10 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Range

3826978..3840959 complement

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GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_005252916.3 → XP_005252973.1 rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoG isoform X1

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_005252973.1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P35238, P84095, Q8NI04

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q6ICQ8

Related

ENSP00000380175.1, ENST00000396978.1

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd01875
Location:1 → 191

RhoG; Ras homolog family, member G (RhoG) of small guanosine triphosphatases (GTPases)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

NC_060935.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Range

3892305..3906292 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

XM_054368744.1 → XP_054224719.1 rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoG isoform X1

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P35238, P84095, Q8NI04

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

Q6ICQ8