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    Gnal guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating, olfactory type [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

    Gene ID: 14680, updated on 30-Apr-2024

    Summary

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    Official Symbol
    Gnalprovided by MGI
    Official Full Name
    guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha stimulating, olfactory typeprovided by MGI
    Primary source
    MGI:MGI:95774
    See related
    Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000024524 AllianceGenome:MGI:95774
    Gene type
    protein coding
    RefSeq status
    VALIDATED
    Organism
    Mus musculus
    Lineage
    Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
    Also known as
    Golf; Hg1o; Gna10; Galphaolf; 2610011C15Rik; 9630020G10Rik
    Summary
    Predicted to enable G protein-coupled receptor binding activity; G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding activity; and GTPase activity. Acts upstream of or within several processes, including activation of adenylate cyclase activity; adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway; and response to caffeine. Predicted to be part of heterotrimeric G-protein complex. Is expressed in nervous system; sensory organ; and spleen. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in dystonia 25. Orthologous to human GNAL (G protein subunit alpha L). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
    Expression
    Broad expression in CNS E18 (RPKM 24.2), cortex adult (RPKM 22.2) and 15 other tissues See more
    Orthologs
    human all
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    Genomic context

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    Location:
    18 E1; 18 39.85 cM
    Exon count:
    14
    Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
    RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 18 NC_000084.7 (67221369..67359863)
    108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 18 NC_000084.6 (67088298..67226792)

    Chromosome 18 - NC_000084.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_44868 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_44869 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 19784 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_44870 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_44871 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 57656 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 23512 Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr18:67372131-67372603 Neighboring gene charged multivesicular body protein 1B Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E9173 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_44880 Neighboring gene metallophosphoesterase 1 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E7602 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer mm9_chr18:67448542-67448843 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_44887 Neighboring gene RIKEN cDNA B430212C06 gene Neighboring gene predicted gene, 30321 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E10999 Neighboring gene inositol monophosphatase 2 Neighboring gene cell death-inducing DNA fragmentation factor, alpha subunit-like effector A

    Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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    Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

    Bibliography

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    Related articles in PubMed

    1. Functional abnormalities in the cerebello-thalamic pathways in a mouse model of DYT25 dystonia. Aïssa HB, et al. Elife, 2022 Jun 14. PMID 35699413, Free PMC Article
    2. Differential enhancement of ERK, PKA and Ca(2+) signaling in direct and indirect striatal neurons of Parkinsonian mice. Mariani LL, et al. Neurobiol Dis, 2019 Oct. PMID 31220556
    3. Gnal haploinsufficiency causes genomic instability and increased sensitivity to haloperidol. Khan MM, et al. Exp Neurol, 2019 Aug. PMID 31034808, Free PMC Article
    4. Heterozygous Gnal Mice Are a Novel Animal Model with Which to Study Dystonia Pathophysiology. Pelosi A, et al. J Neurosci, 2017 Jun 28. PMID 28546310, Free PMC Article
    5. Unitary response of mouse olfactory receptor neurons. Ben-Chaim Y, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2011 Jan 11. PMID 21187398, Free PMC Article

    See all (67) citations in PubMed

    GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

    What's a GeneRIF?
    1. Golf protein expression in the olfactory cilia is promoted by LRBA protein.
      Title: The BEACH Protein LRBA Promotes the Localization of the Heterotrimeric G-protein G(olf) to Olfactory Cilia.
    2. In this study, we report that in the striatum AC5 exists in a stable pre-coupled complex with subunits of Golf heterotrimer.
      Title: Stable G protein-effector complexes in striatal neurons: mechanism of assembly and role in neurotransmitter signaling.
    3. results show a homeostatic, negative regulation of Galphaolf by dopamine and by D1R stimulation, which are also required for the striosomal Galphaolf pattern.
      Title: Dopaminergic regulation of olfactory type G-protein α subunit expression in the striatum.
    4. Data showed the presence mRNA of obligated downstream components of olfactory receptor signaling Adcy3 and Gnal in the cerebral cortex of the mouse.
      Title: Dysregulation of brain olfactory and taste receptors in AD, PSP and CJD, and AD-related model.
    5. This study demonistrated that Galphaolf upregulation in dyskinetic mice
      Title: Gα(olf) mutation allows parsing the role of cAMP-dependent and extracellular signal-regulated kinase-dependent signaling in L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine-induced dyskinesia.
    6. The absence of Rhes modulates cAMP/PKA signalling in both striatopallidal and striatonigral projection neurons by increasing Golf protein levels and, in turn, influencing motor responses challenged by dopaminergic agonist/antagonist.
      Title: The GTP-binding protein Rhes modulates dopamine signalling in striatal medium spiny neurons.
    7. findings suggest that type 5 adenylyl cyclase does not contribute to striatal cAMP signaling at birth. However, it may play an important role in developmental changes in the expression of Galphaolf, but not Galphas.
      Title: Disruption of type 5 adenylyl cyclase negates the developmental increase in Galphaolf expression in the striatum.
    Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

    Variation

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    Alleles

    Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
    • Targeted (1)  1 citation
    • Endonuclease-mediated (2) 

    Pathways from PubChem

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    Interactions

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    Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

    General gene information

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    Markers

    Homology

    Clone Names

    • MGC90869, 2610011C15Rik, 9630020G10Rik

    Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

    Function Evidence Code Pubs
    enables G protein-coupled receptor binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables G-protein beta/gamma-subunit complex binding IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables GTP binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables GTPase activity IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    enables GTPase activity ISA
    Inferred from Sequence Alignment
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    enables guanyl nucleotide binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables metal ion binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    enables nucleotide binding IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Process Evidence Code Pubs
    acts_upstream_of_or_within G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway ISA
    Inferred from Sequence Alignment
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within activation of adenylate cyclase activity IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway IDA
    Inferred from Direct Assay
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within adenylate cyclase-activating dopamine receptor signaling pathway IGI
    Inferred from Genetic Interaction
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    involved_in cellular response to dopamine ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    involved_in regulation of long-term synaptic depression ISO
    Inferred from Sequence Orthology
    more info
    		  
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to amphetamine IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within response to caffeine IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within sensory perception of smell IMP
    Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    acts_upstream_of_or_within signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    involved_in signal transduction IEA
    Inferred from Electronic Annotation
    more info
    		  
    Component Evidence Code Pubs
    is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex IBA
    Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
    more info
    		  
    part_of heterotrimeric G-protein complex ISA
    Inferred from Sequence Alignment
    more info
    		 PubMed 
    located_in plasma membrane TAS
    Traceable Author Statement
    more info
    		  

    General protein information

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    Preferred Names
    guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha
    Names
    G alpha 10
    adenylate cyclase-stimulating G alpha protein, olfactory type
    guanine nucleotide binding protein, alpha 10
    heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein 1o

    NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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    RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

    These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

    These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. NM_010307.3 → NP_034437.1  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform 1

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_034437.1

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the use of an alternate promoter, differs in the 5' UTR and initiates translation at an alternate start codon compared to variant 2. The encoded protein (isoform 1) has a distinct N-terminus and is shorter than isoform 2.
      Source sequence(s)
      AC140336, AK158831
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS29318.1
      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q61020, Q61589, Q8CGK7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3TY78
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000075908.8, ENSMUST00000076605.9
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00066
      Location:43 → 375
      G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)

    2. NM_177137.5 → NP_796111.2  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform 2

      See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_796111.2

      Status: VALIDATED

      Description
      Transcript Variant: This variant (2) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (2).
      Source sequence(s)
      AC140336, AK035952, BC078439
      Consensus CDS
      CCDS29317.1
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3TY78, Q66L47
      Related
      ENSMUSP00000025402.8, ENSMUST00000025402.15
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00066
      Location:110 → 442
      G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)

    RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

    The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

    Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Genomic

    1. NC_000084.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

      Range
      67221369..67359863
      Download
      GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

    mRNA and Protein(s)

    1. XM_030250337.2 → XP_030106197.1  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q61020, Q61589, Q8CGK7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3TY78
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00066
      Location:43 → 375
      G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)

    2. XM_036160989.1 → XP_036016882.1  guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(olf) subunit alpha isoform X1

      UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
      Q61020, Q61589, Q8CGK7
      UniProtKB/TrEMBL
      Q3TY78
      Conserved Domains (1) summary
      cd00066
      Location:43 → 375
      G-alpha; Alpha subunit of G proteins (guanine nucleotide binding)
    Nucleotide Protein Strain
    Heading Accession and Version
    Protein Accession Links
    GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
    Q8CGK7.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q8CGK7

    Gene LinkOut

    The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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