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Eqtn equatorin, sperm acrosome associated [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

Gene ID: 67753, updated on 5-Mar-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Eqtnprovided by MGI
Official Full Name
equatorin, sperm acrosome associatedprovided by MGI
Primary source
MGI:MGI:1915003
See related
Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000028575 AllianceGenome:MGI:1915003
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Mus musculus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as
Afaf; Eqtl; Eqts; 1700028B15Rik; 4930579C15Rik
Summary
Acts upstream of or within acrosomal vesicle exocytosis; endocytosis; and fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in single fertilization. Located in several cellular components, including acrosomal membrane; early endosome; and nucleus. Orthologous to human EQTN (equatorin). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression
Biased expression in testis adult (RPKM 7.6), cortex adult (RPKM 0.6) and 2 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human all
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Genomic context

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Location:
4 C5; 4 43.34 cM
Exon count:
10
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 4 NC_000070.7 (94763930..94818189, complement)
108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 4 NC_000070.6 (94875697..94929953, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000070.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_10792 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 40205 Neighboring gene TEK receptor tyrosine kinase Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_10794 Neighboring gene predicted gene 12693 Neighboring gene myb-like, SWIRM and MPN domains 1 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_10795 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E2697

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
  • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
  • BioProject: PRJNA66167
  • Publication: PMID 25409824
  • Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Equatorin is not essential for acrosome biogenesis but is required for the acrosome reaction. Hao J, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2014 Feb 21. PMID 24480441
  2. Integration of the mouse sperm fertilization-related protein equatorin into the acrosome during spermatogenesis as revealed by super-resolution and immunoelectron microscopy. Ito C, et al. Cell Tissue Res, 2013 Jun. PMID 23564009
  3. Characterization of the antigen recognized by a monoclonal antibody MN9: unique transport pathway to the equatorial segment of sperm head during spermiogenesis. Toshimori K, et al. Cell Tissue Res, 1992 Dec. PMID 1486600
  4. A model of the acrosome reaction progression via the acrosomal membrane-anchored protein equatorin. Yoshida K, et al. Reproduction, 2010 Mar. PMID 20032212
  5. Equatorin: identification and characterization of the epitope of the MN9 antibody in the mouse. Yamatoya K, et al. Biol Reprod, 2009 Nov. PMID 19605790

See all (21) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. EQUATORIN-deficient sperm have significantly reduced fertility due to sperm-egg adhesion failure.
    Title: Deletion of Eqtn in mice reduces male fertility and sperm-egg adhesion.
  2. MN9, a monoclonal antibody raised against mouse spermatozoa, specifically recognizes the equatorial segment of sperm head in several mammalian species, including humans. The immunoreactive bands were 38 kDa and 48 kDa in mouse, and 48 kDa in rat.
    Title: Characterization of the antigen recognized by a monoclonal antibody MN9: unique transport pathway to the equatorial segment of sperm head during spermiogenesis.
  3. Equatorin associating with Spesp1 is involved in sperm-egg adhesion to fusion, which is independent of Izumo1, CD9 and Juno.
    Title: Deletion of Eqtn in mice reduces male fertility and sperm-egg adhesion.
  4. GeneRIF: EQUATORIN associating with SPESP1 is involved in sperm-egg adhesion leading to male fertility.
    Title: Deletion of Eqtn in mice reduces male fertility and sperm-egg adhesion.
  5. The fertilization and induced acrosome exocytosis rates of Eqtn-deficient sperm were dramatically reduced.
    Title: Equatorin is not essential for acrosome biogenesis but is required for the acrosome reaction.
  6. The present study aims to clarify the morphology associated with the integration of the mouse fertilization-related acrosomal protein equatorin (mEQT) into the developing acrosome.
    Title: Integration of the mouse sperm fertilization-related protein equatorin into the acrosome during spermatogenesis as revealed by super-resolution and immunoelectron microscopy.
  7. Equatorin-based progression model will be useful for analyzing not only the behavior of equatorin but also of other molecules of interest involved in the acrosome reaction.
    Title: A model of the acrosome reaction progression via the acrosomal membrane-anchored protein equatorin.
  8. Acrosome formation-associated factor (Afaf) might play an important role in membrane trafficking during acrosome formation and participate in fertilization.
    Title: Acrosome formation-associated factor is involved in fertilization.
  9. Afaf expressed abundantly in the round spermatids, localized in the inner and outer membrane of forming acrosome, and declined in the maturing acrosomes.
    Title: Afaf, a novel vesicle membrane protein, is related to acrosome formation in murine testis.
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Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
  • Targeted (2)  1 citation
  • Endonuclease-mediated (1) 

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC107209, RP23-345A23.2

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in acrosomal vesicle exocytosis IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within acrosomal vesicle exocytosis IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within acrosome assembly TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in endocytosis IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within endocytosis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
acts_upstream_of_or_within establishment of localization in cell IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in single fertilization IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within fusion of sperm to egg plasma membrane involved in single fertilization IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytoplasmic vesicle IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in early endosome IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in inner acrosomal membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in inner acrosomal membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in outer acrosomal membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in outer acrosomal membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
equatorin
Names
MN9 antigen
acrosome formation associated factor
sperm-specific single transmembrane domain protein

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001290623.1 → NP_001277552.1  equatorin isoform 2 precursor

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses alternate in-frame splice sites in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. It encodes isoform 2, which lacks an internal segment and is shorter, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK016313, AK016738, BB018628, BB572592, BE632290, BY716419
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS71422.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7SXT6
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000102714.3, ENSMUST00000107097.9
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam15339
    Location:64 → 245
    Afaf; Acrosome formation-associated factor

  2. NM_027089.4 → NP_081365.2  equatorin isoform 1 precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_081365.2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AK006446, AK016313, AK016738, BB018628, BB572592, BE632290
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS18362.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A2AJE0, Q2LCV5, Q5FWB0, Q9D9V2
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7SXT5
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000030309.6, ENSMUST00000030309.6
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam15339
    Location:64 → 245
    Afaf; Acrosome formation-associated factor

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

  1. NC_000070.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Range
    94763930..94818189 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_006503333.5 → XP_006503396.1  equatorin isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7SXT5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam15339
    Location:64 → 252
    Afaf; Acrosome formation-associated factor
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q9D9V2.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9D9V2

Gene LinkOut

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