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RALA RAS like proto-oncogene A [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 5898, updated on 5-Mar-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
RALAprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
RAS like proto-oncogene Aprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9839
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000006451 MIM:179550; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9839
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
RAL; HINCONS
Summary
The product of this gene belongs to the small GTPase superfamily, Ras family of proteins. GTP-binding proteins mediate the transmembrane signaling initiated by the occupancy of certain cell surface receptors. This gene encodes a low molecular mass ras-like GTP-binding protein that shares about 50% similarity with other ras proteins. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in esophagus (RPKM 22.0), lung (RPKM 20.7) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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Location:
7p14.1
Exon count:
7
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 7 NC_000007.14 (39623572..39708120)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 7 NC_060931.1 (39781130..39865684)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 7 NC_000007.13 (39663171..39747719)

Chromosome 7 - NC_000007.14Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene YAE1 maturation factor of ABCE1 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 18111 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC107986785 Neighboring gene akirin 1 pseudogene Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:39663047-39663894 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 18113 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 25879 Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 6412 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 25880 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:39761893-39762394 Neighboring gene OCT4-NANOG-H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:39762968-39763530 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:39763531-39764091 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 25881 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 25882 Neighboring gene P300/CBP strongly-dependent group 1 enhancer GRCh37_chr7:39772987-39774186 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:39774391-39775162 Neighboring gene long intergenic non-protein coding RNA 265 Neighboring gene NANOG hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:39789308-39790145 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr7:39793752-39794419 Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 719, pseudogene Neighboring gene capicua transcriptional repressor pseudogene 22

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Identification of RALA as a Therapeutic Target and Prognostic Predictor of Osteosarcoma. Fan G, et al. Biomed Res Int, 2023. PMID 36817861, Free PMC Article
  2. Dysregulation of RalA signaling through dual regulatory mechanisms exerts its oncogenic functions in hepatocellular carcinoma. Tian L, et al. Hepatology, 2022 Jul. PMID 34767674, Free PMC Article
  3. Calmodulin extracts the Ras family protein RalA from lipid bilayers by engagement with two membrane-targeting motifs. Chamberlain SG, et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2021 Sep 7. PMID 34480001, Free PMC Article
  4. The small G-protein RalA promotes progression and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer. Thies KA, et al. Breast Cancer Res, 2021 Jun 12. PMID 34118960, Free PMC Article
  5. RAL GTPases mediate multiple myeloma cell survival and are activated independently of oncogenic RAS. Seibold M, et al. Haematologica, 2020 Sep 1. PMID 33054056, Free PMC Article

See all (166) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Ral GTPase promotes metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via elevation of TGF-beta1 production.
    Title: Ral GTPase promotes metastasis of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma via elevation of TGF-β1 production.
  2. Identification of RALA as a Therapeutic Target and Prognostic Predictor of Osteosarcoma.
    Title: Identification of RALA as a Therapeutic Target and Prognostic Predictor of Osteosarcoma.
  3. Dysregulation of RalA signaling through dual regulatory mechanisms exerts its oncogenic functions in hepatocellular carcinoma.
    Title: Dysregulation of RalA signaling through dual regulatory mechanisms exerts its oncogenic functions in hepatocellular carcinoma.
  4. RalA and PLD1 promote lipid droplet growth in response to nutrient withdrawal.
    Title: RalA and PLD1 promote lipid droplet growth in response to nutrient withdrawal.
  5. The small G-protein RalA promotes progression and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer.
    Title: The small G-protein RalA promotes progression and metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer.
  6. RAL GTPases mediate EGFR-driven intestinal stem cell proliferation and tumourigenesis.
    Title: RAL GTPases mediate EGFR-driven intestinal stem cell proliferation and tumourigenesis.
  7. Ral GTPase-activating protein regulates the malignancy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
    Title: Ral GTPase-activating protein regulates the malignancy of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.
  8. RAL GTPases mediate multiple myeloma cell survival and are activated independently of oncogenic RAS.
    Title: RAL GTPases mediate multiple myeloma cell survival and are activated independently of oncogenic RAS.
  9. RalA and RalB both relocalize to mitochondria following depolarization in a process dependent on clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Furthermore, both genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of RalA and RalB leads to an increase in the activity of the atypical IkappaB kinase TBK1 both basally and in response to mitochondrial depolarization.
    Title: RalA and RalB relocalization to depolarized mitochondria depends on clathrin-mediated endocytosis and facilitates TBK1 activation.
  10. These results show the power of data sharing for the interpretation and analysis of rare variation, expand the spectrum of molecular causes of developmental disability to include RALA, and provide additional insight into the pathogenesis of human disease caused by mutations in small GTPases.
    Title: De novo mutations in the GTP/GDP-binding region of RALA, a RAS-like small GTPase, cause intellectual disability and developmental delay.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (68)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Hiatt-Neu-Cooper neurodevelopmental syndrome
MedGen: C5543338 OMIM: 619311 GeneReviews: Not available
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Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Vpr vpr A stable-isotope labeling by amino acids in cell culture coupled with mass spectrometry-based proteomics identifies upregulation of v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (RALA) expression by HIV-1 Vpr in Vpr transduced macrophages PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC48949

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables ATPase binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables Edg-2 lysophosphatidic acid receptor binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables G protein activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables GDP binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables GDP binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables GTP binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables GTP binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables GTPase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables GTPase activity IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
enables myosin binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables ubiquitin protein ligase binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in Ras protein signal transduction IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in Ras protein signal transduction IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in cell cycle IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in cell division IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in chemotaxis TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in establishment of protein localization to mitochondrion IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in exocytosis IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in membrane raft localization IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in neural tube closure IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of filopodium assembly IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of mitochondrial fission IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in receptor internalization IGI
Inferred from Genetic Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of exocytosis IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in regulation of exocytosis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of postsynaptic neurotransmitter receptor internalization IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in signal transduction TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in Flemming body IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in Schaffer collateral - CA1 synapse IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in cell surface IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cleavage furrow IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytoplasmic vesicle membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
colocalizes_with endocytic vesicle IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
located_in focal adhesion HDA PubMed 
located_in focal adhesion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in mitochondrion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in plasma membrane IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in synaptic membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
ras-related protein Ral-A
Names
RALA Ras like proto-oncogene A
RAS-like protein A
Ras family small GTP binding protein RALA
ras related GTP binding protein A
v-ral simian leukemia viral oncogene homolog A (ras related)
NP_005393.2
XP_047276637.1
XP_047276638.1
XP_054214726.1
XP_054214727.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_005402.4 → NP_005393.2  ras-related protein Ral-A precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_005393.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    BC039858, DC313757
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS5460.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A4D1W3, P11233
    Related
    ENSP00000005257.2, ENST00000005257.7
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd04139
    Location:15 → 177
    RalA_RalB; Ral (Ras-like) family containing highly homologous RalA and RalB

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000007.14 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    39623572..39708120
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047420682.1 → XP_047276638.1  ras-related protein Ral-A isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A4D1W3, P11233

  2. XM_047420681.1 → XP_047276637.1  ras-related protein Ral-A isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A4D1W3, P11233

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060931.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    39781130..39865684
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054358752.1 → XP_054214727.1  ras-related protein Ral-A isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A4D1W3, P11233

  2. XM_054358751.1 → XP_054214726.1  ras-related protein Ral-A isoform X1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A4D1W3, P11233
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P11233.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P11233

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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