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PZP PZP alpha-2-macroglobulin like [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 5858, updated on 3-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
PZPprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
PZP alpha-2-macroglobulin likeprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:9750
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000126838 MIM:176420; AllianceGenome:HGNC:9750
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
CPAMD6
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is highly expressed in late-pregnancy serum and is similar in structure to alpha-2-macroglobulin. The encoded protein, which acts as a homotetramer, inhibits the activity of all four classes of proteinases. This protein contains cleavage sites for several proteinases. Upon binding of a proteinase, the conformation of this protein changes to trap the proteinase, limiting its activity. This protein appears to be elevated in the sera of presymptomatic Alzheimer's disease patients. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2016]
Expression
Biased expression in liver (RPKM 5.3), endometrium (RPKM 1.0) and 2 other tissues See more
Orthologs
all
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Genomic context

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See PZP in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
12p13.31
Exon count:
39
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 12 NC_000012.12 (9136472..9208395, complement)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 12 NC_060936.1 (9131038..9191012, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 12 NC_000012.11 (9301436..9360991, complement)

Chromosome 12 - NC_000012.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene killer cell lectin like receptor G1 Neighboring gene keratin 17 pseudogene 8 Neighboring gene BTG anti-proliferation factor 1 pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr12:9322697-9323208 Neighboring gene TPT1 pseudogene 12 Neighboring gene microRNA 1244-3 Neighboring gene alpha-2-macroglobulin pseudogene 1 Neighboring gene prothymosin alpha pseudogene 4

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. A genetic polymorphism in a functional domain of human pregnancy zone protein: the bait region. Genomic structure of the bait domains of human pregnancy zone protein and alpha 2 macroglobulin. Marynen P, et al. FEBS Lett, 1990 Mar 26. PMID 1692292

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. High-Level Secretion of Pregnancy Zone Protein Is a Novel Biomarker of DNA Damage-Induced Senescence and Promotes Spontaneous Senescence.
    Title: High-Level Secretion of Pregnancy Zone Protein Is a Novel Biomarker of DNA Damage-Induced Senescence and Promotes Spontaneous Senescence.
  2. The Pregnancy Zone Protein (PZP) is significantly downregulated in the placenta of preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome patients.
    Title: The Pregnancy Zone Protein (PZP) is significantly downregulated in the placenta of preeclampsia and HELLP syndrome patients.
  3. Hypermethylation of the PZP gene is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration.
    Title: Hypermethylation of the PZP gene is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma cell proliferation, invasion and migration.
  4. Pregnancy Zone Protein (PZP) is significantly upregulated in the decidua of recurrent and spontaneous miscarriage and negatively correlated to Glycodelin A (GdA).
    Title: Pregnancy Zone Protein (PZP) is significantly upregulated in the decidua of recurrent and spontaneous miscarriage and negatively correlated to Glycodelin A (GdA).
  5. Genetic ablation of pregnancy zone protein promotes breast cancer progression by activating TGF-beta/SMAD signaling.
    Title: Genetic ablation of pregnancy zone protein promotes breast cancer progression by activating TGF-β/SMAD signaling.
  6. Inflammation-associated LRG and PZP may be novel biomarkers of early-onset myocardial infarction
    Title: Screening and Identification of Pregnancy Zone Protein and Leucine-Rich Alpha-2-Glycoprotein as Potential Serum Biomarkers for Early-Onset Myocardial Infarction using Protein Profile Analysis.
  7. stabilizes misfolded proteins including preeclampsia- and Alzheimer's-associated amyloid beta peptide
    Title: Human pregnancy zone protein stabilizes misfolded proteins including preeclampsia- and Alzheimer's-associated amyloid beta peptide.
  8. The data of this study link the finding of elevated serum PZP levels with the characteristic Alzheimer's Disease pathology and identify PZP as a novel component in Alzheimer's Disease.
    Title: Pregnancy Zone Protein is Increased in the Alzheimer's Disease Brain and Associates with Senile Plaques.
  9. Quantitative measurements using a multiple reaction monitoring assay showed a significant increase in plasma pregnancy-zone protein in presymptomatic Alzheimer disease compared with controls
    Title: Serum levels of pregnancy zone protein are elevated in presymptomatic Alzheimer's disease.
  10. Observational study and genome-wide association study of gene-disease association. (HuGE Navigator)
    Title: Genome-wide association study identifies variants associated with histologic features of nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (14)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

EBI GWAS Catalog

Description
Genome-wide association study identifies variants associated with histologic features of nonalcoholic Fatty liver disease.
EBI GWAS Catalog
Novel genetic loci identified for the pathophysiology of childhood obesity in the Hispanic population.
EBI GWAS Catalog

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • MGC133093

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables endopeptidase inhibitor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables endopeptidase inhibitor activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables protease binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables serine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in female pregnancy TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in blood microparticle HDA PubMed 
colocalizes_with collagen-containing extracellular matrix HDA PubMed 
located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 
located_in extracellular region NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in extracellular space IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
pregnancy zone protein
Names
C3 and PZP-like alpha-2-macroglobulin domain-containing protein 6
Pregnancy zone protein
pregnancy-zone protein

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_052998.1 RefSeqGene

    Range
    4976..64531
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_002864.3 → NP_002855.2  pregnancy zone protein precursor

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_002855.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC010175, DB040351, X54380
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS8600.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A6ND27, P20742, Q15273, Q2NKL2, Q7M4N7
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B2R950
    Related
    ENSP00000261336.2, ENST00000261336.7
    Conserved Domains (7) summary
    cd02897
    Location:964 → 1270
    A2M_2; Proteins similar to alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha (2)-M). This group also contains the pregnancy zone protein (PZP). Alpha(2)-M and PZP are broadly specific proteinase inhibitors. Alpha (2)-M is a major carrier protein in serum. The structural thioester ...
    pfam00207
    Location:744 → 834
    A2M; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family
    pfam01835
    Location:128 → 220
    A2M_N; MG2 domain
    pfam05326
    Location:796 → 891
    SVA; Seminal vesicle autoantigen (SVA)
    pfam07677
    Location:1382 → 1469
    A2M_recep; A-macroglobulin receptor
    pfam07678
    Location:1016 → 1272
    A2M_comp; A-macroglobulin complement component
    pfam07703
    Location:457 → 602
    A2M_N_2; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family N-terminal region

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000012.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    9136472..9208395 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_047429274.1 → XP_047285230.1  pregnancy zone protein isoform X3

  2. XM_017019763.2 → XP_016875252.1  pregnancy zone protein isoform X1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B2R950
    Conserved Domains (7) summary
    cd02897
    Location:964 → 1270
    A2M_2; Proteins similar to alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha (2)-M). This group also contains the pregnancy zone protein (PZP). Alpha(2)-M and PZP are broadly specific proteinase inhibitors. Alpha (2)-M is a major carrier protein in serum. The structural thioester ...
    pfam00207
    Location:744 → 834
    A2M; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family
    pfam01835
    Location:128 → 220
    A2M_N; MG2 domain
    pfam05326
    Location:796 → 891
    SVA; Seminal vesicle autoantigen (SVA)
    pfam07677
    Location:1382 → 1464
    A2M_recep; A-macroglobulin receptor
    pfam07678
    Location:1016 → 1272
    A2M_comp; A-macroglobulin complement component
    pfam07703
    Location:457 → 602
    A2M_N_2; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family N-terminal region

  3. XM_047429276.1 → XP_047285232.1  pregnancy zone protein isoform X8

  4. XM_047429275.1 → XP_047285231.1  pregnancy zone protein isoform X7

  5. XM_017019764.2 → XP_016875253.1  pregnancy zone protein isoform X2

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B2R950

  6. XM_024449111.1 → XP_024304879.1  pregnancy zone protein isoform X4

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B2R950
    Conserved Domains (5) summary
    cd02897
    Location:750 → 1056
    A2M_2; Proteins similar to alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha (2)-M). This group also contains the pregnancy zone protein (PZP). Alpha(2)-M and PZP are broadly specific proteinase inhibitors. Alpha (2)-M is a major carrier protein in serum. The structural thioester ...
    pfam00207
    Location:613 → 700
    A2M; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family
    pfam01835
    Location:12 → 89
    A2M_N; MG2 domain
    pfam07677
    Location:1168 → 1255
    A2M_recep; A-macroglobulin receptor
    pfam07703
    Location:324 → 472
    A2M_N_2; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family N-terminal region

  7. XM_011520806.2 → XP_011519108.1  pregnancy zone protein isoform X5

    Conserved Domains (5) summary
    pfam00207
    Location:744 → 834
    A2M; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family
    pfam01835
    Location:128 → 220
    A2M_N; MG2 domain
    pfam05326
    Location:796 → 891
    SVA; Seminal vesicle autoantigen (SVA)
    pfam07703
    Location:457 → 602
    A2M_N_2; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family N-terminal region
    cl08267
    Location:964 → 1045
    ISOPREN_C2_like; This group contains class II terpene cyclases, protein prenyltransferases beta subunit, two broadly specific proteinase inhibitors alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha (2)-M) and pregnancy zone protein (PZP) and, the C3 C4 and C5 components of vertebrate ...

  8. XM_011520807.3 → XP_011519109.1  pregnancy zone protein isoform X6

    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    pfam00207
    Location:744 → 830
    A2M; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family
    pfam01835
    Location:128 → 220
    A2M_N; MG2 domain
    pfam07703
    Location:457 → 602
    A2M_N_2; Alpha-2-macroglobulin family N-terminal region

RNA

  1. XR_001748834.2 RNA Sequence

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060936.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    9131038..9191012 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

RNA

  1. XR_008488655.1 RNA Sequence

  2. XR_008488654.1 RNA Sequence

  3. XR_008488653.1 RNA Sequence

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P20742.4 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P20742

Gene LinkOut

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