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CXCL16 C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 16 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 58191, updated on 7-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
CXCL16provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 16provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:16642
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000161921 MIM:605398; AllianceGenome:HGNC:16642
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
SRPSOX; CXCLG16; SR-PSOX
Summary
Enables chemokine activity. Involved in several processes, including positive regulation of cell growth; response to interferon-gamma; and response to tumor necrosis factor. Located in extracellular space. Biomarker of COVID-19 and systemic scleroderma. [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression
Broad expression in lung (RPKM 40.7), testis (RPKM 23.8) and 24 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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See CXCL16 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
17p13.2
Exon count:
6
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 17 NC_000017.11 (4733533..4739928, complement)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 17 NC_060941.1 (4623202..4629598, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 17 NC_000017.10 (4636828..4643223, complement)

Chromosome 17 - NC_000017.11Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene PELP1 divergent transcript Neighboring gene ribosomal protein S12 pseudogene 29 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 8042 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 11545 Neighboring gene Neanderthal introgressed variant-containing enhancer experimental_47220 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr17:4621547-4622746 Neighboring gene arrestin beta 2 Neighboring gene MPRA-validated peak2699 silencer Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:4634559-4635378 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:4641736-4642641 Neighboring gene H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr17:4642642-4643546 Neighboring gene mediator complex subunit 11 Neighboring gene zinc finger MYND-type containing 15 Neighboring gene ReSE screen-validated silencer GRCh37_chr17:4667359-4667521 Neighboring gene transmembrane 4 L six family member 5 Neighboring gene vitelline membrane outer layer 1 homolog

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. CXCL16 associates with adverse outcome and cardiac involvement in hospitalized patients with Covid-19. Gregersen I, et al. J Infect, 2022 Dec. PMID 36216188, Free PMC Article
  2. Metabolic Syndrome in Psoriasis Is Associated With Upregulation of CXCL16 on Monocytes and a Dysbalance in Innate Lymphoid Cells. Schielke L, et al. Front Immunol, 2022. PMID 35784287, Free PMC Article
  3. Clinical significance and role of CXCL16 in anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitis. Li W, et al. Immunol Lett, 2022 Mar. PMID 35120907
  4. Application effect of tirofiban on percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute coronary syndrome and its postoperative effect on C-X-C motif chemokine ligand 16 level and myocardial perfusion. Xu M, et al. Pak J Pharm Sci, 2021 Jan. PMID 34275795
  5. The Role of CXCL16 in the Pathogenesis of Cancer and Other Diseases. Korbecki J, et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2021 Mar 28. PMID 33800554, Free PMC Article

See all (196) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Serum CXCL16: A new predictor of liver inflammation in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
    Title: Serum CXCL16: A new predictor of liver inflammation in patients with chronic hepatitis B.
  2. Identification of CXCL16 as a diagnostic biomarker for obesity and intervertebral disc degeneration based on machine learning.
    Title: Identification of CXCL16 as a diagnostic biomarker for obesity and intervertebral disc degeneration based on machine learning.
  3. CXCL5 and CXCL14, but not CXCL16 as potential biomarkers of colorectal cancer.
    Title: CXCL5 and CXCL14, but not CXCL16 as potential biomarkers of colorectal cancer.
  4. Upregulation of IL-33, CCL2, and CXCL16 levels in Brazilian pregnant women infected by Toxoplasma gondii.
    Title: Upregulation of IL-33, CCL2, and CXCL16 levels in Brazilian pregnant women infected by Toxoplasma gondii.
  5. ELK3-CXCL16 axis determines natural killer cell cytotoxicity via the chemotactic activity of CXCL16 in triple negative breast cancer.
    Title: ELK3-CXCL16 axis determines natural killer cell cytotoxicity via the chemotactic activity of CXCL16 in triple negative breast cancer.
  6. Convergent transcriptomic and genomic evidence supporting a dysregulation of CXCL16 and CCL5 in Alzheimer's disease.
    Title: Convergent transcriptomic and genomic evidence supporting a dysregulation of CXCL16 and CCL5 in Alzheimer's disease.
  7. CXCL16 inhibits epithelial regeneration and promotes fibrosis during the progression of radiation enteritis.
    Title: CXCL16 inhibits epithelial regeneration and promotes fibrosis during the progression of radiation enteritis.
  8. CXCL16 associates with adverse outcome and cardiac involvement in hospitalized patients with Covid-19.
    Title: CXCL16 associates with adverse outcome and cardiac involvement in hospitalized patients with Covid-19.
  9. Platelet SR-PSOX/CXCL16-CXCR6 Axis Influences Thrombotic Propensity and Prognosis in Coronary Artery Disease.
    Title: Platelet SR-PSOX/CXCL16-CXCR6 Axis Influences Thrombotic Propensity and Prognosis in Coronary Artery Disease.
  10. Metabolic Syndrome in Psoriasis Is Associated With Upregulation of CXCL16 on Monocytes and a Dysbalance in Innate Lymphoid Cells.
    Title: Metabolic Syndrome in Psoriasis Is Associated With Upregulation of CXCL16 on Monocytes and a Dysbalance in Innate Lymphoid Cells.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (176)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

HIV-1 interactions

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Protein interactions

Protein Gene Interaction Pubs
Envelope surface glycoprotein gp120 env HIV-1 gp120 upregulates the expression of chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16 (CXCL16) in human B cells PubMed
Tat tat HIV-1 Tat protein significantly increases CXCL16 release in THP-1 macrophages PubMed

Go to the HIV-1, Human Interaction Database

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables chemokine activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables chemokine activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables chemokine activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables low-density lipoprotein particle receptor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables low-density lipoprotein particle receptor activity ISS
Inferred from Sequence or Structural Similarity
more info
  
enables scavenger receptor activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables scavenger receptor activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in T cell chemotaxis IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in chemotaxis NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of cell growth IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in receptor-mediated endocytosis NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to cytokine IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to tumor necrosis factor IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in response to type II interferon IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in signal transduction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in extracellular region TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
is_active_in extracellular space IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in extracellular space IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in membrane NAS
Non-traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
located_in membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
located_in plasma membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
C-X-C motif chemokine 16
Names
CXC chemokine ligand 16
chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 16
scavenger receptor for phosphatidylserine and oxidized low density lipoprotein
small-inducible cytokine B16
transmembrane chemokine CXCL16

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001100812.2 → NP_001094282.2  C-X-C motif chemokine 16 isoform 1 precursor

    Status: VALIDATED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) includes a 3' terminal exon that extends past a splice site that is used in variant 1. This results in a novel 3' UTR compared to variant 1. Variants 1 and 2 encode the same protein.
    Source sequence(s)
    AY358909, CA307348, DC373874
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS11052.2
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A0N0N4, A8K7U9, B2RCB0, Q8TC80, Q96K63, Q9BXD6, Q9H2A7, Q9H2F6
    Related
    ENSP00000459592.2, ENST00000574412.6

  2. NM_001386809.1 → NP_001373738.1  C-X-C motif chemokine 16 isoform 1 precursor

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC091153
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS11052.2
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A0N0N4, A8K7U9, B2RCB0, Q8TC80, Q96K63, Q9BXD6, Q9H2A7, Q9H2F6
    Related
    ENSP00000293778.7, ENST00000293778.12

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000017.11 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    4733533..4739928 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060941.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    4623202..4629598 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

Suppressed Reference Sequence(s)

The following Reference Sequences have been suppressed. Explain

  1. NM_022059.4: Suppressed sequence

    Description
    NM_022059.4: This RefSeq was removed because currently there is support for the transcript but not for the protein.
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q9H2A7.4 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q9H2A7

Gene LinkOut

The following LinkOut resources are supplied by external providers. These providers are responsible for maintaining the links.

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