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NRL neural retina leucine zipper [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 4901, updated on 5-Mar-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
NRLprovided by HGNC
Official Full Name
neural retina leucine zipperprovided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:8002
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000129535 MIM:162080; AllianceGenome:HGNC:8002
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Also known as
RP27; D14S46E; NRL-MAF
Summary
This gene encodes a basic motif-leucine zipper transcription factor of the Maf subfamily. The encoded protein is conserved among vertebrates and is a critical intrinsic regulator of photoceptor development and function. Mutations in this gene have been associated with retinitis pigmentosa and retinal degenerative diseases. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in duodenum (RPKM 1.2), small intestine (RPKM 1.0) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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See NRL in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
14q11.2-q12
Exon count:
7
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 14 NC_000014.9 (24078662..24114949, complement)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 14 NC_060938.1 (18276978..18313262, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 14 NC_000014.8 (24547871..24584158, complement)

Chromosome 14 - NC_000014.9Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene capping protein regulator and myosin 1 linker 3 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105370412 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8184 Neighboring gene CDK7 strongly-dependent group 2 enhancer GRCh37_chr14:24544925-24546124 Neighboring gene copine 6 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8185 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5620 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5621 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:24551461-24552375 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:24558209-24558708 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 8186 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5622 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:24563543-24564192 Neighboring gene phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2, mitochondrial Neighboring gene Sharpr-MPRA regulatory region 2696 Neighboring gene NANOG-H3K27ac-H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr14:24583239-24583954 Neighboring gene DDB1 and CUL4 associated factor 11 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5623 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 5624 Neighboring gene fat storage inducing transmembrane protein 1 Neighboring gene proteasome activator subunit 1

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Novel homozygous mutations in the transcription factor NRL cause non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa. El-Asrag ME, et al. Mol Vis, 2022. PMID 35693422, Free PMC Article
  2. NRL(-/-) gene edited human embryonic stem cells generate rod-deficient retinal organoids enriched in S-cone-like photoreceptors. Cuevas E, et al. Stem Cells, 2021 Apr. PMID 33400844, Free PMC Article
  3. Investigating cone photoreceptor development using patient-derived NRL null retinal organoids. Kallman A, et al. Commun Biol, 2020 Feb 21. PMID 32081919, Free PMC Article
  4. Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy and Inherited Retinal Dystrophy in Bukhara Jews Due to Linked Mutations in the PABPN1 and NRL Genes. Braverman I, et al. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers, 2017 Jul. PMID 28590779
  5. Identification of a novel NRL mutation in a Chinese family with retinitis pigmentosa by whole-exome sequencing. Qin Y, et al. Eye (Lond), 2017 May. PMID 28106895, Free PMC Article

See all (48) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Novel homozygous mutations in the transcription factor NRL cause non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa.
    Title: Novel homozygous mutations in the transcription factor NRL cause non-syndromic retinitis pigmentosa.
  2. NRL(-/-) gene edited human embryonic stem cells generate rod-deficient retinal organoids enriched in S-cone-like photoreceptors.
    Title: NRL(-/-) gene edited human embryonic stem cells generate rod-deficient retinal organoids enriched in S-cone-like photoreceptors.
  3. Investigating cone photoreceptor development using patient-derived NRL null retinal organoids.
    Title: Investigating cone photoreceptor development using patient-derived NRL null retinal organoids.
  4. that two photoreceptor-specific transcription factors, NRL and CRX, are master regulators of this program and are required for tumor maintenance in this subgroup
    Title: NRL and CRX Define Photoreceptor Identity and Reveal Subgroup-Specific Dependencies in Medulloblastoma.
  5. We identified a novel NRL mutation (c.147_149del, p.Ser50del) leading to adRP in a Chinese family with retinitis pigmenntosa.
    Title: Identification of a novel NRL mutation in a Chinese family with retinitis pigmentosa by whole-exome sequencing.
  6. investigated the prevalence of the NRL mutation among Bukhara Jews with oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD)
    Title: Oculopharyngeal Muscular Dystrophy and Inherited Retinal Dystrophy in Bukhara Jews Due to Linked Mutations in the PABPN1 and NRL Genes.
  7. This report expands the spectrum of NRL recessive mutations, as well as the genetic spectrum of ESCS, and indicates a new syndrome of OPMD with an ESCS-like phenotype.
    Title: Homozygosity for a Recessive Loss-of-Function Mutation of the NRL Gene Is Associated With a Variant of Enhanced S-Cone Syndrome.
  8. The c.146 C>T mutation in NRL gene causes autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa for this family.
    Title: Whole exome sequencing identifies a novel NRL mutation in a Chinese family with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa.
  9. In another family a variant, p.M96T in the NRL gene was detected as a retinitis pigmentosa-causing mutation.
    Title: Detection of novel genetic variation in autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa.
  10. This novel p.M96T mutant activated the RHO promoter more intensely than did wild-type NRL in a family with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa.
    Title: Novel p.M96T variant of NRL and shRNA-based suppression and replacement of NRL mutants associated with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (25)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Associated conditions

Description Tests
Retinitis pigmentosa 27
MedGen: C1834329 OMIM: 613750 GeneReviews: Nonsyndromic Retinitis Pigmentosa Overview
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Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables DNA binding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific ISA
Inferred from Sequence Alignment
more info
  
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables leucine zipper domain binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables promoter-specific chromatin binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
enables sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in positive regulation of gene expression IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IMP
Inferred from Mutant Phenotype
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in response to stimulus IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in retinal rod cell development IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in visual perception IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of chromatin ISA
Inferred from Sequence Alignment
more info
  
located_in cytoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
  
is_active_in nucleus IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in nucleus IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein
Names
Maf-family bZIP transcription factor NRL
neural retinal-specific leucine zipper

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

Genomic

  1. NG_011697.2 RefSeqGene

    Range
    5066..41353
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001354768.3 → NP_001341697.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform 1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AL136295, BQ638162, HY106550
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS9608.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8MX14, P54845, Q53XD0
    Related
    ENSP00000454062.2, ENST00000561028.6
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd14718
    Location:154 → 223
    bZIP_Maf_large; Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of large musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (Maf) proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain
    pfam08383
    Location:67 → 101
    Maf_N; Maf N-terminal region

  2. NM_001354769.1 → NP_001341698.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform 1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AL136295, BX161522
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS9608.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8MX14, P54845, Q53XD0
    Related
    ENSP00000380193.1, ENST00000396997.1
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd14718
    Location:154 → 223
    bZIP_Maf_large; Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of large musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (Maf) proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain
    pfam08383
    Location:67 → 101
    Maf_N; Maf N-terminal region

  3. NM_001354770.2 → NP_001341699.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform 2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AL136295
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd14718
    Location:49 → 118
    bZIP_Maf_large; Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of large musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (Maf) proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain

  4. NM_006177.5 → NP_006168.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_006168.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AL136295, BC012395
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS9608.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8MX14, P54845, Q53XD0
    Related
    ENSP00000380197.2, ENST00000397002.6
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd14718
    Location:154 → 223
    bZIP_Maf_large; Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of large musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (Maf) proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain
    pfam08383
    Location:67 → 101
    Maf_N; Maf N-terminal region

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000014.9 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    24078662..24114949 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_011536806.3 → XP_011535108.2  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform X3

  2. XM_011536801.3 → XP_011535103.2  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform X1

  3. XM_011536805.3 → XP_011535107.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011535107.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8MX14, P54845, Q53XD0
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd14718
    Location:154 → 223
    bZIP_Maf_large; Basic leucine zipper (bZIP) domain of large musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma (Maf) proteins: a DNA-binding and dimerization domain
    pfam08383
    Location:67 → 101
    Maf_N; Maf N-terminal region

Reference GRCh38.p14 PATCHES

Genomic

  1. NW_018654722.1 Reference GRCh38.p14 PATCHES

    Range
    379640..415927 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054332343.1 → XP_054188318.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform X2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8MX14, P54845, Q53XD0

  2. XM_054332345.1 → XP_054188320.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform X3

  3. XM_054332340.1 → XP_054188315.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform X1

  4. XM_054332342.1 → XP_054188317.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform X2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8MX14, P54845, Q53XD0

  5. XM_054332344.1 → XP_054188319.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform X2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8MX14, P54845, Q53XD0

  6. XM_054332341.1 → XP_054188316.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform X2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8MX14, P54845, Q53XD0

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060938.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    18276978..18313262 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054376150.1 → XP_054232125.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform X2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8MX14, P54845, Q53XD0

  2. XM_054376152.1 → XP_054232127.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform X3

  3. XM_054376147.1 → XP_054232122.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform X1

  4. XM_054376149.1 → XP_054232124.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform X2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8MX14, P54845, Q53XD0

  5. XM_054376151.1 → XP_054232126.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform X2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8MX14, P54845, Q53XD0

  6. XM_054376148.1 → XP_054232123.1  neural retina-specific leucine zipper protein isoform X2

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    A8MX14, P54845, Q53XD0
Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P54845.1 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P54845

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