Rac2 [Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Rac2provided by FlyBase
Primary source: FLYBASE:FBgn0014011
Locus tag: Dmel_CG8556
See related: AllianceGenome:FB:FBgn0014011
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Drosophila melanogaster
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota; Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea; Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora
Also known as: CG8556; D-Rac 2; D-Rac2; Dmel\CG8556; DmRAC2; Drac1b; Drac2; DRac2; DRacB; P48554; Rac; Rac GTPase; Rac-2; Rac1; Rac1b; RAC1B; rac2; RacB; Rhog
Summary: Enables GTPase activity and protein kinase binding activity. Involved in several processes, including actin cytoskeleton organization; defense response to other organism; and embryonic development via the syncytial blastoderm. Predicted to be active in several cellular components, including cell cortex; cytoplasmic vesicle; and cytoskeleton. Is expressed in several structures, including ectoderm anlage; embryonic/larval muscle system; follicle cell; germ layer; and germ layer derivative. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in immunodeficiency 73a with defective neutrophil chemotaxis and leukocytosis; immunodeficiency 73b with defective neutrophil chemotaxis and lymphopenia; and immunodeficiency 73c with defective neutrophil chemotaxis and hypogammaglobulinemia. Orthologous to several human genes including RAC2 (Rac family small GTPase 2). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
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Genomic context

Location:: 66A1-66A1; 3-21 cM

Exon count:: 1

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
Release 6.54	current	Release 6 plus ISO1 MT (GCF_000001215.4)	3L	NT_037436.4 (7432762..7435190, complement)
Release 5.57	previous assembly	Release 5 (GCF_000001215.2)	3L	NT_037436.3 (7426749..7428290, complement)

Chromosome 3L - NT_037436.4 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Rac2 has a central role in regulating the Drosophila homeostatic system.
Title: The Drosophila small GTPase Rac2 is required for normal feeding and mating behaviour.
Zir is necessary to activate the Rho-family GTPases Rac2 and Cdc42 during the Drosophila cellular immune response.
Title: The RhoGEF Zizimin-related acts in the Drosophila cellular immune response via the Rho GTPases Rac2 and Cdc42.
Findings demonstrate that light-induced translocation of Arr2 occurs through a noncanonical rhodopsin/Rac2 pathway, which is distinct from the classical phototransduction cascade.
Title: Light-induced translocation of Drosophila visual Arrestin2 depends on Rac2.
Rac2 is the main host factor whose function is inhibited by the GAP domain of the ExoS toxin
Title: Rac2 is a major actor of Drosophila resistance to Pseudomonas aeruginosa acting in phagocytic cells.
Rho GTPases may have partially overlapping functions during planar cell polarity generation
Title: Analysis of the role of the Rac/Cdc42 GTPases during planar cell polarity generation in Drosophila.
axon growth, guidance and branching could be controlled by differential activation of Rac signalling pathways
Title: Rac GTPases control axon growth, guidance and branching.
Rac1, Rac2 and Mtl, have overlapping functions in the control of epithelial morphogenesis, myoblast fusion, and axon growth and guidance
Title: Rac function and regulation during Drosophila development.
From these results it appears that Rac2 is necessary for the larval cellular immune response.
Title: Drosophila melanogaster Rac2 is necessary for a proper cellular immune response.

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Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Homology

Orthologs from OrthoDB

Gene Ontology Provided by FlyBase

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables GTP binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables GTP binding	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTPase activity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables GTPase activity	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
enables GTPase activity	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed
enables protein kinase binding	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
enables protein kinase binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in JNK cascade	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in Rho protein signal transduction	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in actin cytoskeleton organization	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in actin filament bundle assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in actin filament organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in aggressive behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in cell chemotaxis	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in cortical cytoskeleton organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in defense response to bacterium	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in dorsal appendage formation	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in dorsal closure	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in dorsal closure, elongation of leading edge cells	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in encapsulation of foreign target	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in engulfment of apoptotic cell	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in establishment or maintenance of cell polarity	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in feeding behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in germ-band shortening	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in head involution	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in hemocyte migration	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in hemocyte migration	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in lamellipodium assembly	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in mating behavior	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in melanotic encapsulation of foreign target	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in mesodermal cell migration	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in motor neuron axon guidance	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in muscle attachment	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in myoblast fusion	TAS Traceable Author Statement more info	PubMed
involved_in open tracheal system development	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in phagocytosis	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in phagocytosis, engulfment	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of wound healing	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of actin cytoskeleton organization	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of adherens junction organization	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of axonogenesis	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cell shape	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in regulation of lipid storage	IMP Inferred from Mutant Phenotype more info	PubMed
involved_in salivary gland morphogenesis	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed
involved_in signal transduction	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in small GTPase-mediated signal transduction	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
involved_in tracheal outgrowth, open tracheal system	IGI Inferred from Genetic Interaction more info	PubMed

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in cell projection	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in cytoplasmic vesicle	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in cytoskeleton	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
is_active_in plasma membrane	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: Rac2

Names: CG8556-PA; CG8556-PB; Rac; Rac GTPase; Rac2-PA; Rac2-PB

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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Genome Annotation

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference assembly

Genomic

NT_037436.4 Reference assembly

Range

7432762..7435190 complement

Download

GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

NM_001274588.2 → NP_001261517.1 Rac2, isoform B [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001261517.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P48554, Q540X5, Q9VS69

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

M9PBU2

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd01871
Location:3 → 176

Rac1_like; Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac1)-like consists of Rac1, Rac2 and Rac3
NM_139864.3 → NP_648121.1 Rac2, isoform A [Drosophila melanogaster]

See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_648121.1

Status: REVIEWED

UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

P48554, Q540X5, Q9VS69

UniProtKB/TrEMBL

M9PBU2

Related

FBpp0076577

Conserved Domains (1) summary

cd01871
Location:3 → 176

Rac1_like; Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1 (rho family, small GTP binding protein Rac1)-like consists of Rac1, Rac2 and Rac3