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GSTT1 glutathione S-transferase theta 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 2952, updated on 16-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
GSTT1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
glutathione S-transferase theta 1provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:4641
See related
MIM:600436
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene, glutathione S-transferase (GST) theta 1 (GSTT1), is a member of a superfamily of proteins that catalyze the conjugation of reduced glutathione to a variety of electrophilic and hydrophobic compounds. Human GSTs can be divided into five main classes: alpha, mu, pi, theta, and zeta. The theta class includes GSTT1, GSTT2, and GSTT2B. GSTT1 and GSTT2/GSTT2B share 55% amino acid sequence identity and may play a role in human carcinogenesis. The GSTT1 gene is haplotype-specific and is absent from 38% of the population. Alternative splicing of this gene results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2015]
Annotation information
Annotation category: only annotated on alternate loci in reference assembly
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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Location:
22q11.23
Exon count:
6
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 22 (ALT_REF_LOCI_1) NT_187633.1 (270308..278486, complement)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 22 NC_060946.1 (24441300..24449468, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 22 NC_000022.10 (24376133..24384311, complement)

NT_187633.1Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene glutathione S-transferase theta 1 pseudogene Neighboring gene D-dopachrome tautomerase-like Neighboring gene GSTT1 antisense RNA 1 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:24382419-24382933 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr22:24382934-24383447 Neighboring gene glutathione S-transferase theta pseudogene 2 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC105372959

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. GSTT1, an increased risk factor for prostate cancer in patients with metabolic syndrome. Liu D, et al. J Clin Lab Anal, 2022 Apr. PMID 35293017, Free PMC Article
  2. Up-regulation of GSTT1 in serous ovarian cancer associated with resistance to TAXOL / carboplatin. Zhang J, et al. J Ovarian Res, 2021 Sep 17. PMID 34535163, Free PMC Article
  3. Differential Methylation in the GSTT1 Regulatory Region in Sudden Unexplained Death and Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy. Christiansen SN, et al. Int J Mol Sci, 2021 Mar 10. PMID 33801838, Free PMC Article
  4. Glutathione S transferase T1 gene polymorphism and its promoter methylation are associated with breast cancer susceptibility in Egyptian women. Raafat N, et al. Biotechnol Appl Biochem, 2022 Apr. PMID 33600611
  5. Polymorphisms of the GSTT1 and GSTM1 genes in polycystic ovary syndrome. Azevedo MMP, et al. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992), 2020 Nov. PMID 33295410

See all (1887) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Combined genetic polymorphisms of the GSTT1 and NRF2 genes increase susceptibility to cisplatin-induced ototoxicity: A preliminary study.
    Title: Combined genetic polymorphisms of the GSTT1 and NRF2 genes increase susceptibility to cisplatin-induced ototoxicity: A preliminary study.
  2. GSTs genetic polymorphism, gene-environment interaction and association with gallbladder cancer risk in North Indian population: A case-controlled study.
    Title: GSTs genetic polymorphism, gene-environment interaction and association with gallbladder cancer risk in North Indian population: A case-controlled study.
  3. Association of Oral Submucous Fibrosis Risk with <em>GSTM1</em> and <em>GSTT1</em> Gene Polymorphisms.
    Title: Association of Oral Submucous Fibrosis Risk with <em>GSTM1</em> and <em>GSTT1</em> Gene Polymorphisms.
  4. Glutathione S-transferase M1, T1, and P1 polymorphisms and periodontitis in a Caucasian population: a case-control study.
    Title: Glutathione S-transferase M1, T1, and P1 polymorphisms and periodontitis in a Caucasian population: a case-control study.
  5. Factors associated with blood mercury concentrations and their interactions with three glutathione S-transferase genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, and GSTP1): an exposure assessment study of typically developing Jamaican children.
    Title: Factors associated with blood mercury concentrations and their interactions with three glutathione S-transferase genes (GSTT1, GSTM1, and GSTP1): an exposure assessment study of typically developing Jamaican children.
  6. Association Between the XRCC1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 Polymorphisms in Model of Thyroid Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.
    Title: Association Between the XRCC1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 Polymorphisms in Model of Thyroid Cancer: A Meta-Analysis.
  7. Analysis of null deletion polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase theta (GSTT-1), associated with anti-GSTT-1 antibodies development in transplantation.
    Title: Analysis of null deletion polymorphism of glutathione S-transferase theta (GSTT-1), associated with anti-GSTT-1 antibodies development in transplantation.
  8. Progonostic effect of GSTM1/GSTT1 polymorphism in determining cardiovascular diseases risk among type 2 diabetes patients in South Indian population.
    Title: Progonostic effect of GSTM1/GSTT1 polymorphism in determining cardiovascular diseases risk among type 2 diabetes patients in South Indian population.
  9. GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms and risk of preeclampsia: a system review and meta-analysis.
    Title: GSTM1 and GSTT1 polymorphisms and risk of preeclampsia: a system review and meta-analysis.
  10. Mixed exposure effect of seminal metals on semen quality, mediation of total antioxidant capacity, and moderation of GSTM1/GSTT1 gene deletion in Chinese reproductive-aged men.
    Title: Mixed exposure effect of seminal metals on semen quality, mediation of total antioxidant capacity, and moderation of GSTM1/GSTT1 gene deletion in Chinese reproductive-aged men.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (1085)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • FLJ18180, DKFZp762N226

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables glutathione peroxidase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables glutathione transferase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables glutathione transferase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in cellular oxidant detoxification IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in glutathione metabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in glutathione metabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
Component Evidence Code Pubs
is_active_in cytoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in cytosol IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in cytosol TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in extracellular exosome HDA PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
glutathione S-transferase theta-1
Names
GST class-theta-1
glutathione transferase T1-1
NP_000844.2
NP_001280736.1
NP_001280737.1
NP_001280738.1
NP_001280739.1
NP_001280740.1
NP_001280741.1
NP_001280742.1
NP_001280743.1
XP_054181554.1
XP_054185431.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_000853.4 → NP_000844.2  glutathione S-transferase theta-1 isoform a

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_000844.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) encodes the longest isoform (a).
    Source sequence(s)
    AP000351
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    O00226, P30711, Q5TZY2, Q6IC69, Q969K8, Q96IY3
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd03183
    Location:91 → 216
    GST_C_Theta; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class Theta Glutathione S-transferases
    cd03050
    Location:3 → 78
    GST_N_Theta; GST_N family, Class Theta subfamily; composed of eukaryotic class Theta GSTs and bacterial dichloromethane (DCM) dehalogenase. GSTs are cytosolic dimeric proteins involved in cellular detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with ...

  2. NM_001293807.1 → NP_001280736.1  glutathione S-transferase theta-1 isoform b

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001280736.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an additional exon but lacks a different exon, which results in a frameshifted segment in the 5' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (b) is shorter than isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AF435971, BG536639, CA306446, CA487832, DA900601
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0G2JRQ5
    Conserved Domains (2) summary
    cd03183
    Location:103 → 202
    GST_C_Theta; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of Class Theta Glutathione S-transferases
    cl00388
    Location:3 → 37
    Thioredoxin_like; Protein Disulfide Oxidoreductases and Other Proteins with a Thioredoxin fold

  3. NM_001293808.1 → NP_001280737.1  glutathione S-transferase theta-1 isoform c

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001280737.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) lacks an alternate exon and uses an alternate splice site, resulting in an alternate 5' UTR and translation initiation at a downstream in-frame start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (c) is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform a. Variants 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 all encode isoform c.
    Source sequence(s)
    AJ874719, CA306446, CA487832
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P30711
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q4GZS9
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl02776
    Location:1 → 98
    GST_C_family; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of the Glutathione S-transferase family

  4. NM_001293809.1 → NP_001280738.1  glutathione S-transferase theta-1 isoform c

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001280738.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (4) lacks two alternate exons, resulting in an alternate 5' UTR and translation initiation at a downstream in-frame start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (c) is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform a. Variants 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 all encode isoform c.
    Source sequence(s)
    CA306446, CA487832, CD701199
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P30711
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl02776
    Location:1 → 98
    GST_C_family; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of the Glutathione S-transferase family

  5. NM_001293810.1 → NP_001280739.1  glutathione S-transferase theta-1 isoform c

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001280739.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (5) lacks an alternate exon, resulting in an alternate 5' UTR and translation initiation at a downstream in-frame start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (c) is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform a. Variants 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 all encode isoform c.
    Source sequence(s)
    CA306446, CA487832, CR456499
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P30711
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl02776
    Location:1 → 98
    GST_C_family; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of the Glutathione S-transferase family

  6. NM_001293811.1 → NP_001280740.1  glutathione S-transferase theta-1 isoform c

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001280740.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (6) lacks an alternate exon, resulting in an alternate 5' UTR and translation initiation at a downstream in-frame start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (c) is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform a. Variants 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 all encode isoform c.
    Source sequence(s)
    BF343733, CA306446, CA487832
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P30711
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl02776
    Location:1 → 98
    GST_C_family; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of the Glutathione S-transferase family

  7. NM_001293812.1 → NP_001280741.1  glutathione S-transferase theta-1 isoform c

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001280741.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (7) uses an alternate splice site, resulting in an alternate 5' UTR and translation initiation at a downstream in-frame start codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (c) is shorter at the N-terminus, compared to isoform a. Variants 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 all encode isoform c.
    Source sequence(s)
    BX401239, CA306446, CA487832
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P30711
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl02776
    Location:1 → 98
    GST_C_family; C-terminal, alpha helical domain of the Glutathione S-transferase family

  8. NM_001293813.1 → NP_001280742.1  glutathione S-transferase theta-1 isoform d

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001280742.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (8) lacks two alternate exons, resulting in a frameshift in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (d) has a distinct C-terminus and is shorter than isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AA298437, CA306446, CA487832
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0G2JRN4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cd03050
    Location:3 → 67
    GST_N_Theta; GST_N family, Class Theta subfamily; composed of eukaryotic class Theta GSTs and bacterial dichloromethane (DCM) dehalogenase. GSTs are cytosolic dimeric proteins involved in cellular detoxification by catalyzing the conjugation of glutathione (GSH) with ...

  9. NM_001293814.1 → NP_001280743.1  glutathione S-transferase theta-1 isoform e

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001280743.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (9) lacks three alternate exons, resulting in a frameshift in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (e) has a distinct C-terminus and is shorter than isoform a.
    Source sequence(s)
    AJ867758, CA306446, CA487832
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A0A0G2JQM5, Q4W251
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    cl00388
    Location:3 → 37
    Thioredoxin_like; Protein Disulfide Oxidoreductases and Other Proteins with a Thioredoxin fold

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_1

Genomic

  1. NT_187633.1 Reference GRCh38.p14 ALT_REF_LOCI_1

    Range
    270308..278486 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054329456.1 → XP_054185431.1  glutathione S-transferase theta-1 isoform X1

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060946.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    24441300..24449468 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054325579.1 → XP_054181554.1  glutathione S-transferase theta-1 isoform X2

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P30711.4 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P30711

Gene LinkOut

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