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GRSF1 G-rich RNA sequence binding factor 1 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]

Gene ID: 2926, updated on 11-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
GRSF1provided by HGNC
Official Full Name
G-rich RNA sequence binding factor 1provided by HGNC
Primary source
HGNC:HGNC:4610
See related
Ensembl:ENSG00000132463 MIM:604851; AllianceGenome:HGNC:4610
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Homo sapiens
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; Homo
Summary
The protein encoded by this gene is a cellular protein that binds RNAs containing the G-rich element. The protein is localized in the cytoplasm, and has been shown to stimulate translation of viral mRNAs in vitro. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in adrenal (RPKM 14.1), brain (RPKM 13.8) and 25 other tissues See more
Orthologs
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Genomic context

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Location:
4q13.3
Exon count:
12
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2023_10 current GRCh38.p14 (GCF_000001405.40) 4 NC_000004.12 (70815783..70843235, complement)
RS_2023_10 current T2T-CHM13v2.0 (GCF_009914755.1) 4 NC_060928.1 (74158253..74185655, complement)
105.20220307 previous assembly GRCh37.p13 (GCF_000001405.25) 4 NC_000004.11 (71681500..71705607, complement)

Chromosome 4 - NC_000004.12Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancers GRCh37_chr4:71570032-71570564 and GRCh37_chr4:71571098-71571629 Neighboring gene RUN and FYVE domain containing 3 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid active region 21602 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:71611261-71611762 Neighboring gene H3K4me1 hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:71611763-71612262 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15469 Neighboring gene small nucleolar RNA U13 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:71704310-71704964 Neighboring gene uncharacterized LOC124900710 Neighboring gene H3K27ac hESC enhancer GRCh37_chr4:71704965-71705618 Neighboring gene ATAC-STARR-seq lymphoblastoid silent region 15471 Neighboring gene U6 spliceosomal RNA Neighboring gene RNA, U6 small nuclear 891, pseudogene

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: HPA RNA-seq normal tissues
  • Description: RNA-seq was performed of tissue samples from 95 human individuals representing 27 different tissues in order to determine tissue-specificity of all protein-coding genes
  • BioProject: PRJEB4337
  • Publication: PMID 24309898
  • Analysis date: Wed Apr 4 07:08:55 2018

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. GRSF1 promotes tumorigenesis and EMT-mediated metastasis through PI3K/AKT pathway in gastric cancer. Wang B, et al. Biochem Biophys Res Commun, 2021 May 28. PMID 33813277
  2. A novel miRNA identified in GRSF1 complex drives the metastasis via the PIK3R3/AKT/NF-κB and TIMP3/MMP9 pathways in cervical cancer cells. Sun Q, et al. Cell Death Dis, 2019 Sep 2. PMID 31474757, Free PMC Article
  3. GRSF1 suppresses cell senescence. Noh JH, et al. Aging (Albany NY), 2018 Aug 7. PMID 30086537, Free PMC Article
  4. Functional characterization of naturally occurring genetic variations of the human guanine-rich RNA sequence binding factor 1 (GRSF1). Sofi S, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj, 2018 Apr. PMID 29366917
  5. Functional characterization of isolated RNA-binding domains of the GRSF1 protein. Sofi S, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj, 2018 Apr. PMID 29288125

See all (97) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. GRSF1 antagonizes age-associated hypercoagulability via modulation of fibrinogen mRNA stability.
    Title: GRSF1 antagonizes age-associated hypercoagulability via modulation of fibrinogen mRNA stability.
  2. GRSF1 promotes tumorigenesis and EMT-mediated metastasis through PI3K/AKT pathway in gastric cancer.
    Title: GRSF1 promotes tumorigenesis and EMT-mediated metastasis through PI3K/AKT pathway in gastric cancer.
  3. Identification of the COMM-domain containing protein 1 as specific binding partner for the guanine-rich RNA sequence binding factor 1.
    Title: Identification of the COMM-domain containing protein 1 as specific binding partner for the guanine-rich RNA sequence binding factor 1.
  4. GRSF1 is an age-related regulator of senescence.
    Title: GRSF1 is an age-related regulator of senescence.
  5. A novel miRNA identified in GRSF1 complex drives the metastasis via the PIK3R3/AKT/NF-kappaB and TIMP3/MMP9 pathways in cervical cancer cells.
    Title: A novel miRNA identified in GRSF1 complex drives the metastasis via the PIK3R3/AKT/NF-κB and TIMP3/MMP9 pathways in cervical cancer cells.
  6. our results indicate that GRSF1 helps preserve mitochondrial homeostasis, in turn preventing oxidative DNA damage and the activation of mTOR and NF-kappaB, and suppressing a transcriptional pro-inflammatory program leading to increased IL6 production.
    Title: Loss of RNA-binding protein GRSF1 activates mTOR to elicit a proinflammatory transcriptional program.
  7. These findings suggest that Twinkle is essential for RNA organization in granules, and that mtSSB is involved in the recently proposed GRSF1-mtRNA degradosome pathway, a route suggested to be particularly aimed at degradation of G-quadruplex prone long non-coding mtRNAs.
    Title: Mitochondrial RNA granules are critically dependent on mtDNA replication factors Twinkle and mtSSB.
  8. These findings indicate that the decline in GRSF1 levels during cellular senescence contributes to impairing mitochondrial function, elevating ROS and DNA damage, suppressing growth, and implementing a pro-inflammatory program.
    Title: GRSF1 suppresses cell senescence.
  9. GRSF1 positively regulates degradosome-dependent decay of non-coding mitochondrial transcripts that form G4 structures. Comprehensive molecular analyses revealed that GRSF1 melts G4 RNA structures in mtRNAs, which facilitates their degradation by the hSuv3-PNPase complex both in vitro and in vivo.
    Title: Dedicated surveillance mechanism controls G-quadruplex forming non-coding RNAs in human mitochondria.
  10. Data show that some of the naturally occurring guanine-rich RNA sequence binding factor 1 (GRSF1) mutants exhibited a strongly reduced RNA-binding activity although the general protein structure was hardly affected.
    Title: Functional characterization of naturally occurring genetic variations of the human guanine-rich RNA sequence binding factor 1 (GRSF1).
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (18)

Phenotypes

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Find tests for this gene in the NIH Genetic Testing Registry (GTR)

Review eQTL and phenotype association data in this region using PheGenI

Variation

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See variants in ClinVar

See studies and variants in dbVar

See Variation Viewer (GRCh37.p13)

See Variation Viewer (GRCh38)

Genotypes

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • FLJ13125

Gene Ontology Provided by GOA

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables G-quadruplex RNA binding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
enables RNA binding HDA PubMed 
enables RNA binding IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables RNA binding IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables mRNA binding TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
enables protein binding IPI
Inferred from Physical Interaction
more info
 PubMed 
Process Evidence Code Pubs
involved_in anterior/posterior pattern specification IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in mitochondrial RNA catabolic process TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
involved_in morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of mitochondrial RNA catabolic process IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of RNA splicing IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in tRNA processing IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in cytoplasm TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
 PubMed 
located_in mitochondrial matrix TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
located_in mitochondrial nucleoid IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in mitochondrion IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in nucleoplasm IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
part_of ribonucleoprotein complex IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in ribonucleoprotein granule IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 

General protein information

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Preferred Names
G-rich sequence factor 1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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NEW Try the new Transcript table

RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001098477.2 → NP_001091947.1  G-rich sequence factor 1 isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001091947.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) contains an alternate exon in the 5' coding region and uses a downstream start codon, compared to variant 1. The resulting isoform (2) has a shorter N-terminus, compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AC021989
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS47070.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z2D8
    Related
    ENSP00000425430.1, ENST00000502323.5
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd12505
    Location:87 → 160
    RRM2_GRSF1; RNA recognition motif 2 in G-rich sequence factor 1 (GRSF-1) and similar proteins
    cd12733
    Location:239 → 313
    RRM3_GRSF1; RNA recognition motif 3 in G-rich sequence factor 1 (GRSF-1) and similar proteins
    cl17169
    Location:1 → 65
    RRM_SF; RNA recognition motif (RRM) superfamily

  2. NM_002092.4 → NP_002083.4  G-rich sequence factor 1 isoform 1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AC021989
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS47069.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B3KPW0, Q12849, Q4W5S5, Q6ZST3, Q8IWD6, Q8NBD2
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B3KW50
    Related
    ENSP00000254799.6, ENST00000254799.11
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    COG0724
    Location:307 → 459
    RRM; RNA recognition motif (RRM) domain [Translation, ribosomal structure and biogenesis]
    cd12505
    Location:249 → 322
    RRM2_GRSF1; RNA recognition motif 2 in G-rich sequence factor 1 (GRSF-1) and similar proteins
    cd12730
    Location:149 → 227
    RRM1_GRSF1; RNA recognition motif 1 in G-rich sequence factor 1 (GRSF-1) and similar proteins
    cd12733
    Location:401 → 475
    RRM3_GRSF1; RNA recognition motif 3 in G-rich sequence factor 1 (GRSF-1) and similar proteins

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001405.40-RS_2023_10

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

Genomic

  1. NC_000004.12 Reference GRCh38.p14 Primary Assembly

    Range
    70815783..70843235 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_011531897.4 → XP_011530199.1  G-rich sequence factor 1 isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011530199.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7Z2D8
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd12505
    Location:87 → 160
    RRM2_GRSF1; RNA recognition motif 2 in G-rich sequence factor 1 (GRSF-1) and similar proteins
    cd12733
    Location:239 → 313
    RRM3_GRSF1; RNA recognition motif 3 in G-rich sequence factor 1 (GRSF-1) and similar proteins
    cl17169
    Location:1 → 65
    RRM_SF; RNA recognition motif (RRM) superfamily

  2. XM_047450140.1 → XP_047306096.1  G-rich sequence factor 1 isoform X1

    Related
    ENSP00000421789.1, ENST00000514161.5

Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

Genomic

  1. NC_060928.1 Alternate T2T-CHM13v2.0

    Range
    74158253..74185655 complement
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_054349839.1 → XP_054205814.1  G-rich sequence factor 1 isoform X2

  2. XM_054349838.1 → XP_054205813.1  G-rich sequence factor 1 isoform X1

Nucleotide Protein
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q12849.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q12849

Gene LinkOut

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