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Wapl WAPL cohesin release factor [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

Gene ID: 218914, updated on 5-Mar-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Waplprovided by MGI
Official Full Name
WAPL cohesin release factorprovided by MGI
Primary source
MGI:MGI:2675859
See related
Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000041408 AllianceGenome:MGI:2675859
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Mus musculus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as
FOE; DIF-2; Wapal; A530089A20Rik
Summary
Studies suggest that the protein encoded by this gene is important for the release of cohesin from chromatin. This gene product is thought to be essential for development, and reduced expression of this gene in cells causes defects in chromatin structure. High levels of expression of the human ortholog of this gene are observed in cervical cancers, and expression of the human ortholog of this gene in mice results in tumor formation. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different protein isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2014]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in liver E14 (RPKM 13.4), placenta adult (RPKM 11.9) and 28 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human all
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Genomic context

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Location:
14 B; 14 20.84 cM
Exon count:
19
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 14 NC_000080.7 (34394086..34469940)
108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 14 NC_000080.6 (34672379..34747983)

Chromosome 14 - NC_000080.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene opsin 4 (melanopsin) Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_36389 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 52113 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_36391 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_36394 Neighboring gene RIKEN cDNA 5830448L01 gene Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_36398 Neighboring gene RIKEN cDNA A930038B10 gene Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_36402 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 52101 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 30969

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
  • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
  • BioProject: PRJNA66167
  • Publication: PMID 25409824
  • Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. WAPL maintains a cohesin loading cycle to preserve cell-type-specific distal gene regulation. Liu NQ, et al. Nat Genet, 2021 Jan. PMID 33318687, Free PMC Article
  2. Allogeneic T cell responses are regulated by a specific miRNA-mRNA network. Sun Y, et al. J Clin Invest, 2013 Nov. PMID 24216511, Free PMC Article
  3. Wapl localization on the synaptonemal complex, a meiosis-specific proteinaceous structure that binds homologous chromosomes, in the female mouse. Zhang J, et al. Reprod Domest Anim, 2008 Feb. PMID 18199270
  4. Expression of a novel human gene, human wings apart-like (hWAPL), is associated with cervical carcinogenesis and tumor progression. Oikawa K, et al. Cancer Res, 2004 May 15. PMID 15150110
  5. Wapl repression by Pax5 promotes V gene recombination by Igh loop extrusion. Hill L, et al. Nature, 2020 Aug. PMID 32612238, Free PMC Article

See all (47) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Decreasing Wapl dosage partially corrects embryonic growth and brain transcriptome phenotypes in Nipbl[+/-] embryos.
    Title: Decreasing Wapl dosage partially corrects embryonic growth and brain transcriptome phenotypes in Nipbl(+/-) embryos.
  2. Enhancer-promoter interactions and transcription are largely maintained upon acute loss of CTCF, cohesin, WAPL or YY1.
    Title: Enhancer-promoter interactions and transcription are largely maintained upon acute loss of CTCF, cohesin, WAPL or YY1.
  3. WAPL maintains a cohesin loading cycle to preserve cell-type-specific distal gene regulation.
    Title: WAPL maintains a cohesin loading cycle to preserve cell-type-specific distal gene regulation.
  4. Wapl releases Scc1-cohesin and regulates chromosome structure and segregation in mouse oocytes.
    Title: Wapl releases Scc1-cohesin and regulates chromosome structure and segregation in mouse oocytes.
  5. Wapl repression by Pax5 promotes V gene recombination by Igh loop extrusion.
    Title: Wapl repression by Pax5 promotes V gene recombination by Igh loop extrusion.
  6. The results demonstrate that the zygotic genome folds into loops and domains that critically depend on Scc1-cohesin and that are regulated in size and linear density by Wapl.
    Title: A mechanism of cohesin-dependent loop extrusion organizes zygotic genome architecture.
  7. NEK1 phosphorylates PP1gamma, leading to the dephosphorylation of WAPL, which, in turn, results in its retention on chromosome cores to promote loss of cohesion at the end of prophase I in mammals.
    Title: Cohesin Removal along the Chromosome Arms during the First Meiotic Division Depends on a NEK1-PP1γ-WAPL Axis in the Mouse.
  8. distribution of cohesin in the mouse genome depends on transcription, CTCF and the cohesin release factor Wings apart-like (Wapl)
    Title: Cohesin is positioned in mammalian genomes by transcription, CTCF and Wapl.
  9. High levels of WAPAL are observed in human cervical cancers, and expression of human WAPAL in mice causes tumor formation.
    Title: Expression of a novel human gene, human wings apart-like (hWAPL), is associated with cervical carcinogenesis and tumor progression.
  10. in mitosis, Wapl-mediated release of cohesin from DNA is essential for proper chromosome segregation and protects cohesin from cleavage by the protease separase, thus enabling mitotic exit in the presence of functional cohesin complexes
    Title: Wapl is an essential regulator of chromatin structure and chromosome segregation.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (11)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
  • Targeted (4)  1 citation
  • Endonuclease-mediated (3) 

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Clone Names

  • KIAA0261

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables ATP-dependent protein-DNA unloader activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell cycle IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within cell division IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in mitotic sister chromatid segregation ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of DNA replication ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of chromatin binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of sister chromatid cohesion ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in protein localization to chromatin ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
part_of chromatin ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in chromosome IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in cytoplasm ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in cytosol ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in intercellular bridge ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in mitotic spindle ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in nucleoplasm ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in nucleus ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
wings apart-like protein homolog
Names
dioxin-inducible factor 2
friend of EBNA2
wings apart-like homolog

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001004436.4 → NP_001004436.2  wings apart-like protein homolog isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001004436.2

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longer transcript and encodes the longer isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    BC139434, BG068179, BP757948, BY732412, CJ053978, CJ061782, CJ134128, DV646537, DV659439
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS36880.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    B9EIG8, Q65Z40, Q6ZQE9
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000040232.8, ENSMUST00000048263.14
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam07814
    Location:647 → 1008
    WAPL; Wings apart-like protein regulation of heterochromatin

  2. NM_001301330.1 → NP_001288259.1  wings apart-like protein homolog isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001288259.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the coding region, compared to variant 1. This results in a shorter protein (isoform 2), compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    BC139434, BG068179, BP757948, BY732412, CF161743, CJ053978, CJ061782, CJ134128, DV646537, DV659439
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS79296.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    B7ZP47
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000087481.4, ENSMUST00000090027.11
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam07814
    Location:641 → 1002
    WAPL; Wings apart-like protein regulation of heterochromatin

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

  1. NC_000080.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Range
    34394086..34469940
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_006518824.5 → XP_006518887.1  wings apart-like protein homolog isoform X1

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    pfam07814
    Location:596 → 957
    WAPL; Wings apart-like protein regulation of heterochromatin
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q65Z40.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q65Z40

Gene LinkOut

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