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Pld2 phospholipase D2 [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

Gene ID: 18806, updated on 11-Apr-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Pld2provided by MGI
Official Full Name
phospholipase D2provided by MGI
Primary source
MGI:MGI:892877
See related
Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000020828 AllianceGenome:MGI:892877
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
REVIEWED
Organism
Mus musculus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as
PLD1C
Summary
This gene is a member of the phospholipase D (PLD) superfamily. The encoded protein catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylcholine to phosphatidic acid and choline. Phosphatidic acid is an essential intracellular lipid second messenger for many signaling pathways and has been implicated in a variety of physiological processes including cytoskeletal organization and cell proliferation. A similar gene in human may also function as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for the small GTPase Rac2. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]
Expression
Ubiquitous expression in lung adult (RPKM 7.1), subcutaneous fat pad adult (RPKM 6.6) and 27 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human all
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Genomic context

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See Pld2 in Genome Data Viewer
Location:
11 B3; 11 42.99 cM
Exon count:
25
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 11 NC_000077.7 (70430318..70448936)
108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 11 NC_000077.6 (70539492..70558110)

Chromosome 11 - NC_000077.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene CapStarr-seq enhancer MGSCv37_chr11:70338703-70338886 Neighboring gene proteasome (prosome, macropain) subunit, beta type 6 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 40193 Neighboring gene misshapen-like kinase 1 (zebrafish) Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_29877 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 51905 Neighboring gene RIKEN cDNA 4930544D05 gene Neighboring gene cholinergic receptor, nicotinic, epsilon polypeptide

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
  • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
  • BioProject: PRJNA66167
  • Publication: PMID 25409824
  • Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Phospholipase D2 controls bone homeostasis by modulating M-CSF-dependent osteoclastic cell migration and microtubule stability. Kim HJ, et al. Exp Mol Med, 2022 Aug. PMID 35945449, Free PMC Article
  2. Simulated microgravity inhibits C2C12 myogenesis via phospholipase D2-induced Akt/FOXO1 regulation. Baek MO, et al. Sci Rep, 2019 Oct 17. PMID 31624287, Free PMC Article
  3. An acute decrease in plasma membrane tension induces macropinocytosis via PLD2 activation. Loh J, et al. J Cell Sci, 2019 Sep 2. PMID 31391241
  4. Phosphatidic acid generated by PLD2 promotes the plasma membrane recruitment of IQGAP1 and neointima formation. Wang Z, et al. FASEB J, 2019 Jun. PMID 30811216, Free PMC Article
  5. The Phospholipase D2 Knock Out Mouse Has Ectopic Purkinje Cells and Suffers from Early Adult-Onset Anosmia. Vermeren MM, et al. PLoS One, 2016. PMID 27658289, Free PMC Article

See all (100) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. PLD2 deletion alleviates disruption of tight junctions in sepsis-induced ALI by regulating PA/STAT3 phosphorylation pathway.
    Title: PLD2 deletion alleviates disruption of tight junctions in sepsis-induced ALI by regulating PA/STAT3 phosphorylation pathway.
  2. PLD1 and PLD2 differentially regulate the balance of macrophage polarization in inflammation and tissue injury.
    Title: PLD1 and PLD2 differentially regulate the balance of macrophage polarization in inflammation and tissue injury.
  3. Phospholipase D1 and D2 Synergistically Regulate Thrombus Formation.
    Title: Phospholipase D1 and D2 Synergistically Regulate Thrombus Formation.
  4. Phospholipase D2 restores endothelial barrier function by promoting PTPN14-mediated VE-cadherin dephosphorylation.
    Title: Phospholipase D2 restores endothelial barrier function by promoting PTPN14-mediated VE-cadherin dephosphorylation.
  5. Simulated microgravity inhibits C2C12 myogenesis via phospholipase D2-induced Akt/FOXO1 regulation.
    Title: Simulated microgravity inhibits C2C12 myogenesis via phospholipase D2-induced Akt/FOXO1 regulation.
  6. An acute decrease in plasma membrane tension induces macropinocytosis via PLD2 activation.
    Title: An acute decrease in plasma membrane tension induces macropinocytosis via PLD2 activation.
  7. Increased expression of both Pld1 and Pld2 occurs simultaneously with the appearance of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease.
    Title: Phospholipase D: A new mediator during high phosphate-induced vascular calcification associated with chronic kidney disease.
  8. results indicate that Arf6 is involved in the regulation of PLD activity and PA synthesis required for efficient phagocytosis.
    Title: Regulation of Phospholipase D by Arf6 during FcγR-Mediated Phagocytosis.
  9. Pld2 deficiency is associated with increased leukocyte tissue infiltration after acute lung injury.
    Title: Phospholipase D isoforms differentially regulate leukocyte responses to acute lung injury.
  10. PLD2 is pivotal in the regulation of the integrity of epithelial tight junctions and occludin turn over, thereby implicating it in the pathogenesis of colitis.
    Title: Intestinal Epithelial Cell-Specific Deletion of PLD2 Alleviates DSS-Induced Colitis by Regulating Occludin.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (46)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)

Pathways from PubChem

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Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine-specific phospholipase D activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables catalytic activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables hydrolase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables phosphatidylinositol binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables phospholipase D activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables phospholipase D activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables phospholipase D activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
enables phospholipase D activity TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
enables protein kinase C binding ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within G protein-coupled receptor internalization IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in intracellular signal transduction IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within lipid catabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within lipid metabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in neuron projection development ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in phosphatidic acid biosynthetic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in phospholipid catabolic process IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in phospholipid catabolic process ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of cell adhesion ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of cell migration ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of mast cell degranulation ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in positive regulation of receptor-mediated endocytosis ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
acts_upstream_of_or_within receptor-mediated endocytosis IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
involved_in regulation of vesicle-mediated transport IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in response to hydrogen peroxide ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in response to hypoxia ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in response to organic cyclic compound ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in response to peptide hormone ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Component Evidence Code Pubs
located_in brush border membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
located_in caveola ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in endoplasmic reticulum membrane TAS
Traceable Author Statement
more info
  
is_active_in intracellular membrane-bounded organelle IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in lamellipodium ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
located_in membrane IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
located_in plasma membrane IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
is_active_in plasma membrane region IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
located_in sarcolemma ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
phospholipase D2
Names
choline phosphatase 2
phosphatidylcholine-hydrolyzing phospholipase D2
NP_001289404.1
NP_001289405.1
NP_001348864.1
NP_032902.1
XP_011247096.1
XP_011247097.1
XP_011247098.1
XP_011247099.1
XP_030101520.1

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001302475.1 → NP_001289404.1  phospholipase D2 isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001289404.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (1) represents the longest transcript and encodes the longest isoform (1).
    Source sequence(s)
    AK143930, AL592547, AW047839
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS78979.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3UNY4, Q6NV49
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000104197.4, ENSMUST00000108557.10
    Conserved Domains (4) summary
    PLN02866
    Location:67 → 929
    PLN02866; phospholipase D
    cd01254
    Location:180 → 309
    PH_PLD; Phospholipase D pleckstrin homology (PH) domain
    cl02563
    Location:62 → 192
    PX_domain; The Phox Homology domain, a phosphoinositide binding module
    cl15239
    Location:614 → 806
    PLDc_SF; Catalytic domain of phospholipase D superfamily proteins

  2. NM_001302476.1 → NP_001289405.1  phospholipase D2 isoform 3

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_001289405.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (3) uses an alternate 3' terminal exon which results in an early stop codon, compared to variant 1. The encoded isoform (3) has a shorter C-terminus compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK143930, AL592547
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS78980.1
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q80ZW1
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000104196.2, ENSMUST00000108556.2
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    cd01254
    Location:180 → 309
    PH_PLD; Phospholipase D pleckstrin homology (PH) domain
    pfam00169
    Location:206 → 309
    PH; PH domain
    cl02563
    Location:62 → 192
    PX_domain; The Phox Homology domain, a phosphoinositide binding module

  3. NM_001361935.1 → NP_001348864.1  phospholipase D2 isoform 4

    Status: REVIEWED

    Source sequence(s)
    AK143930, AL592547, AW047839, BY772909
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3UNY4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    PLN02866
    Location:67 → 885
    PLN02866; phospholipase D

  4. NM_008876.3 → NP_032902.1  phospholipase D2 isoform 2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_032902.1

    Status: REVIEWED

    Description
    Transcript Variant: This variant (2) uses an alternate in-frame splice site in the 3' coding region, compared to variant 1. This results in a shorter protein (isoform 2), compared to isoform 1.
    Source sequence(s)
    AK143930, AL592547, AW047839
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS24953.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P97813
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3UNY4, Q5SXG5
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000018429.6, ENSMUST00000018429.12
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    PLN02866
    Location:67 → 918
    PLN02866; phospholipase D

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

  1. NC_000077.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Range
    70430318..70448936
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. XM_011248796.3 → XP_011247098.1  phospholipase D2 isoform X3

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011247098.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3UNY4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    PLN02866
    Location:28 → 879
    PLN02866; phospholipase D

  2. XM_011248794.3 → XP_011247096.1  phospholipase D2 isoform X1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011247096.1

    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P97813
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3UNY4, Q5SXG5
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    PLN02866
    Location:67 → 918
    PLN02866; phospholipase D

  3. XM_030245660.1 → XP_030101520.1  phospholipase D2 isoform X5

    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    PLN02866
    Location:1 → 533
    PLN02866; phospholipase D

  4. XM_011248795.3 → XP_011247097.1  phospholipase D2 isoform X2

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011247097.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3UNY4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    PLN02866
    Location:67 → 885
    PLN02866; phospholipase D

  5. XM_011248797.3 → XP_011247099.1  phospholipase D2 isoform X4

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for XP_011247099.1

    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    Q3UNY4
    Conserved Domains (1) summary
    PLN02866
    Location:67 → 868
    PLN02866; phospholipase D

RNA

  1. XR_001779917.3 RNA Sequence

  2. XR_001779918.3 RNA Sequence

Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
P97813.2 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:P97813

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