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Pepd peptidase D [ Mus musculus (house mouse) ]

Gene ID: 18624, updated on 5-Mar-2024

Summary

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Official Symbol
Pepdprovided by MGI
Official Full Name
peptidase Dprovided by MGI
Primary source
MGI:MGI:97542
See related
Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000063931 AllianceGenome:MGI:97542
Gene type
protein coding
RefSeq status
VALIDATED
Organism
Mus musculus
Lineage
Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as
dal; Pep4; Pep-4
Summary
Enables peptidase activity. Predicted to act upstream of or within collagen catabolic process. Is expressed in several structures, including alimentary system; central nervous system; genitourinary system; hemolymphoid system gland; and liver and biliary system. Used to study hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Human ortholog(s) of this gene implicated in prolidase deficiency. Orthologous to human PEPD (peptidase D). [provided by Alliance of Genome Resources, Apr 2022]
Expression
Broad expression in small intestine adult (RPKM 235.6), duodenum adult (RPKM 200.4) and 22 other tissues See more
Orthologs
human all
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Genomic context

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Location:
7 B2; 7 20.7 cM
Exon count:
16
Annotation release Status Assembly Chr Location
RS_2024_02 current GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27) 7 NC_000073.7 (34611832..34744131)
108.20200622 previous assembly GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26) 7 NC_000073.6 (34912407..35044708)

Chromosome 7 - NC_000073.7Genomic Context describing neighboring genes Neighboring gene carbohydrate sulfotransferase 8 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_18606 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_18607 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_18610 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 38987 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_18612 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_18614 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 25922 Neighboring gene predicted gene, 35534 Neighboring gene STARR-positive B cell enhancer ABC_E6536 Neighboring gene STARR-seq mESC enhancer starr_18615 Neighboring gene predicted gene 45095 Neighboring gene CCAAT/enhancer binding protein gamma Neighboring gene predicted gene, 35611

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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  • Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
  • Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
  • BioProject: PRJNA66167
  • Publication: PMID 25409824
  • Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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Related articles in PubMed

  1. Dysregulation of macrophage PEPD in obesity determines adipose tissue fibro-inflammation and insulin resistance. Pellegrinelli V, et al. Nat Metab, 2022 Apr. PMID 35478031
  2. Prolidase enzyme is required for extracellular matrix integrity and impacts on postnatal cerebellar cortex development. Insolia V, et al. J Comp Neurol, 2020 Jan 1. PMID 31246278
  3. Lack of prolidase causes a bone phenotype both in human and in mouse. Besio R, et al. Bone, 2015 Mar. PMID 25460580
  4. Developmental cardiac hypertrophy in a mouse model of prolidase deficiency. Jung S, et al. Birth Defects Res A Clin Mol Teratol, 2011 Apr. PMID 21472842
  5. Cloning of mouse prolidase cDNA: predominant expression of prolidase mRNA in kidney. Ishii T, et al. Biochim Biophys Acta, 1996 Jul 31. PMID 8765744

See all (42) citations in PubMed

GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?
  1. Prolidase Deficiency Causes Spontaneous T Cell Activation and Lupus-like Autoimmunity.
    Title: Prolidase Deficiency Causes Spontaneous T Cell Activation and Lupus-like Autoimmunity.
  2. Dysregulation of macrophage PEPD in obesity determines adipose tissue fibro-inflammation and insulin resistance.
    Title: Dysregulation of macrophage PEPD in obesity determines adipose tissue fibro-inflammation and insulin resistance.
  3. Prolidase enzyme is required for extracellular matrix integrity and impacts on postnatal cerebellar cortex development.
    Title: Prolidase enzyme is required for extracellular matrix integrity and impacts on postnatal cerebellar cortex development.
  4. The findings identify peptidase D, an ubiquitously expressed intracellular peptidase, as a potential novel marker of colitis.
    Title: Elevated fecal peptidase D at onset of colitis in Galphai2-/- mice, a mouse model of IBD.
  5. PEPD is a ligand of EGFR and presents a novel mechanism of EGFR activation
    Title: Prolidase directly binds and activates epidermal growth factor receptor and stimulates downstream signaling.
  6. The dark-like mutation causes cardiomyocyte hypertrophy due to loss-of-function of peptidase d (Pepd).
    Title: Developmental cardiac hypertrophy in a mouse model of prolidase deficiency.
  7. NO stimulates prolidase activity by increasing serine/threonine phosphorylation through PKG-cGMP pathway
    Title: Nitric oxide regulates prolidase activity by serine/threonine phosphorylation.
Submit: New GeneRIF Correction

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics  (MGI)
  • Spontaneous (1) 
  • Targeted (2) 

Interactions

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Products Interactant Other Gene Complex Source Pubs Description

General gene information

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Markers

Homology

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function Evidence Code Pubs
enables dipeptidase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables hydrolase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables manganese ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables metal ion binding IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables metalloaminopeptidase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables metallopeptidase activity IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
enables peptidase activity IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
enables peptidase activity IDA
Inferred from Direct Assay
more info
 PubMed 
enables proline dipeptidase activity ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
Process Evidence Code Pubs
acts_upstream_of_or_within collagen catabolic process IEA
Inferred from Electronic Annotation
more info
  
involved_in negative regulation of programmed cell death ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  
involved_in proteolysis IBA
Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor
more info
  
involved_in proteolysis ISO
Inferred from Sequence Orthology
more info
  

General protein information

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Preferred Names
xaa-Pro dipeptidase
Names
X-pro dipeptidase
imidodipeptidase
peptidase 4
prolidase
proline dipeptidase
NP_001404011.1
NP_001404012.1
NP_032846.2

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.

mRNA and Protein(s)

  1. NM_001417082.1 → NP_001404011.1  xaa-Pro dipeptidase isoform 2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC124574, AC149058

  2. NM_001417083.1 → NP_001404012.1  xaa-Pro dipeptidase isoform 3

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC124574, AC149058

  3. NM_008820.3 → NP_032846.2  xaa-Pro dipeptidase isoform 1

    See identical proteins and their annotated locations for NP_032846.2

    Status: VALIDATED

    Source sequence(s)
    AC124574, AC149058
    Consensus CDS
    CCDS21143.1
    UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
    P97735, Q11136, Q3TH86, Q9CWK4
    UniProtKB/TrEMBL
    A2RS23
    Related
    ENSMUSP00000075683.8, ENSMUST00000075068.14
    Conserved Domains (3) summary
    COG0006
    Location:52 → 476
    PepP; Xaa-Pro aminopeptidase [Amino acid transport and metabolism]
    cd01087
    Location:192 → 467
    Prolidase; Prolidase. E.C. 3.4.13.9. Also known as Xaa-Pro dipeptidase, X-Pro dipeptidase, proline dipeptidase., imidodipeptidase, peptidase D, gamma-peptidase. Catalyses hydrolysis of Xaa-Pro dipeptides; also acts on aminoacyl-hydroxyproline analogs. No action on ...
    pfam05195
    Location:23 → 138
    AMP_N; Aminopeptidase P, N-terminal domain

RefSeqs of Annotated Genomes: GCF_000001635.27-RS_2024_02

The following sections contain reference sequences that belong to a specific genome build. Explain

Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

Genomic

  1. NC_000073.7 Reference GRCm39 C57BL/6J

    Range
    34611832..34744131
    Download
    GenBank, FASTA, Sequence Viewer (Graphics)
Nucleotide Protein Strain
Heading Accession and Version
Protein Accession Links
GenPept Link UniProtKB Link
Q11136.3 GenPept UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:Q11136

Gene LinkOut

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