Chga chromogranin A [Mus musculus (house mouse)] - Gene

Summary

Official Symbol: Chgaprovided by MGI
Official Full Name: chromogranin Aprovided by MGI
Primary source: MGI:MGI:88394
See related: Ensembl:ENSMUSG00000021194 AllianceGenome:MGI:88394
Gene type: protein coding
RefSeq status: REVIEWED
Organism: Mus musculus
Lineage: Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; Murinae; Mus; Mus
Also known as: cgA; ChrA
Summary: This gene encodes a member of the granin family of acidic secretory glycoproteins that are expressed in endocrine cells and neurons. The encoded preproprotein undergoes proteolytic processing to generate multiple functions peptides including pancreastatin, catestatin and serpinin. The encoded protein plays important roles in the neuroendocrine system including regulated secretion of peptide hormones and neurotransmitters. Mice lacking the encoded protein exhibit elevated blood pressure which can be rescued by transgenic expression of the human ortholog. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]
Expression: Biased expression in adrenal adult (RPKM 976.1) and stomach adult (RPKM 145.4) See more
Orthologs: human all
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Genomic context

Location:: 12 E; 12 51.66 cM

Exon count:: 8

Annotation release	Status	Assembly	Chr	Location
RS_2024_02	current	GRCm39 (GCF_000001635.27)	12	NC_000078.7 (102521200..102531286)
108.20200622	previous assembly	GRCm38.p6 (GCF_000001635.26)	12	NC_000078.6 (102554941..102565027)

Chromosome 12 - NC_000078.7 Genomic Context describing neighboring genes

Genomic regions, transcripts, and products

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Go to reference sequence details

Genomic Sequence:

Go to nucleotide: Graphics FASTA GenBank

Expression

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See details

Project title: Mouse ENCODE transcriptome data
Description: RNA profiling data sets generated by the Mouse ENCODE project.
BioProject: PRJNA66167
Publication: PMID 25409824
Analysis date: n/a

Bibliography

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GeneRIFs: Gene References Into Functions

What's a GeneRIF?

Pancreastatin inhibitor PSTi8 balances energy homeostasis by attenuating adipose tissue inflammation in high fat diet fed mice.
Title: Pancreastatin inhibitor PSTi8 balances energy homeostasis by attenuating adipose tissue inflammation in high fat diet fed mice.
Chromogranin A Deficiency Confers Protection From Autoimmune Diabetes via Multiple Mechanisms.
Title: Chromogranin A Deficiency Confers Protection From Autoimmune Diabetes via Multiple Mechanisms.
Interdependence between Chromogranin-A, Alternatively Activated Macrophages, Tight Junction Proteins and the Epithelial Functions. A Human and In-Vivo/In-Vitro Descriptive Study.
Title: Interdependence between Chromogranin-A, Alternatively Activated Macrophages, Tight Junction Proteins and the Epithelial Functions. A Human and In-Vivo/In-Vitro Descriptive Study.
Chromogranin A pathway: from pathogenic molecule to renal disease.
Title: Chromogranin A pathway: from pathogenic molecule to renal disease.
CHGA is elevated in colitis and is associated with the disease severity.
Title: Chromogranin-A Regulates Macrophage Function and the Apoptotic Pathway in Murine DSS colitis.
Elevated CHGA expression resulted in underlying bioenergetic dysfunction in ATP production despite higher mitochondrial mass. The outcome was unregulated negative feedback of LDCV exocytosis and secretion, resulting in elevated levels of circulating catecholamine and consequently the hypertensive phenotype.
Title: Mice overexpressing chromogranin A display hypergranulogenic adrenal glands with attenuated ATP levels contributing to the hypertensive phenotype.
Chromogranin-A and its role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus is reviewed.
Title: Chromogranin A and its role in the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus.
Study using live-cell imaging at single vesicle resolution revealed a normal number of fusion events upon bursts of action potentials in CgA/B-/- neurons. Data indicate that the two chromogranins are dispensable for cargo sorting in the regulated secretory pathway and dense-core vesicle in mouse hippocampal neurons.
Title: Dense-core vesicle biogenesis and exocytosis in neurons lacking chromogranins A and B.
Data suggest that hybrid insulin peptides (HIPs), formed in insulin-secreting-cells by fusion of insulin C-peptide fragments to peptide fragments of chromogranin A or islet amyloid polypeptide, and reactivity of CD4+-T-lymphocytes to HIPs may act as biomarkers of autoimmunity in type 1 diabetes.
Title: CD4 T Cells Reactive to Hybrid Insulin Peptides Are Indicators of Disease Activity in the NOD Mouse.
Systemic CST knockout (CST-KO) mice on normal chow diet (NCD) ate more food, gained weight, and displayed elevated blood glucose and insulin levels.
Title: Catestatin Inhibits Obesity-Induced Macrophage Infiltration and Inflammation in the Liver and Suppresses Hepatic Glucose Production, Leading to Improved Insulin Sensitivity.

Submit: New GeneRIF Correction See all GeneRIFs (41)

Variation

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Alleles

Alleles of this type are documented at Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI)

Targeted (3) 1 citation
Endonuclease-mediated (3)

Interactions

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Products	Interactant	Other Gene	Complex	Source	Pubs	Description

General gene information

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Markers

Chga (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:141332

Chga (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:141333

Chga (e-PCR), detects polymorphism
- UniSTS:141334

Gene Ontology Provided by MGI

Function	Evidence Code	Pubs
enables protein binding	IPI Inferred from Physical Interaction more info	PubMed

Process	Evidence Code	Pubs
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in cardiac muscle relaxation	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in adenylate cyclase-activating adrenergic receptor signaling pathway involved in cardiac muscle relaxation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in defense response to Gram-negative bacterium	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in defense response to Gram-positive bacterium	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in defense response to bacterium	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in mast cell activation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in mast cell chemotaxis	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in mast cell degranulation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of catecholamine secretion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in negative regulation of catecholamine secretion	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in negative regulation of insulin secretion	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
involved_in positive regulation of cAMP-mediated signaling	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of dense core granule biogenesis	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in positive regulation of phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of protein phosphorylation	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of relaxation of cardiac muscle	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in positive regulation of vasoconstriction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
acts_upstream_of_or_within protein localization to secretory granule	IDA Inferred from Direct Assay more info	PubMed
involved_in regulation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
involved_in regulation of the force of heart contraction	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

Component	Evidence Code	Pubs
is_active_in chromaffin granule	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in chromaffin granule	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in cytoplasmic vesicle	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
located_in extracellular region	IEA Inferred from Electronic Annotation more info
is_active_in extracellular space	IBA Inferred from Biological aspect of Ancestor more info
located_in extracellular space	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in neuronal dense core vesicle	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in perinuclear region of cytoplasm	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info
located_in secretory granule	ISO Inferred from Sequence Orthology more info

General protein information

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Preferred Names: chromogranin-A

NCBI Reference Sequences (RefSeq)

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RefSeqs maintained independently of Annotated Genomes

These reference sequences exist independently of genome builds. Explain

These reference sequences are curated independently of the genome annotation cycle, so their versions may not match the RefSeq versions in the current genome build. Identify version mismatches by comparing the version of the RefSeq in this section to the one reported in Genomic regions, transcripts, and products above.