Tudor domain found in Tudor domain-containing protein 8 (TDRD8) and similar proteins; TDRD8, also called serine/threonine-protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.1) 31 (STK31), serine/threonine-protein kinase NYD-SPK, or Sugen kinase 396 (SgK396), is a germ cell-specific factor expressed in embryonic gonocytes of both sexes, and in postnatal spermatocytes and round spermatids in males. It acts as a cell-cycle regulated protein that contributes to the tumorigenicity of epithelial cancer cells. TDRD8 contains a Tudor domain and a serine/threonine kinase domain. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1720419116  61 IGCSLSEVCPLANSVFGNLDPKKIYGGLFSEDKCWYRCKVLKTISDDKCLVRYIDYGNTEILNRSDIVEIPPELQ 135
Cdd:cd20430     1 LSDELAEVCPTAPPLFGTPDPNKIYGGKFSEDNCWYRCKVKSILSDEKCTVQYIDYGNTETVSRSSIVELPPDLQ 75

reticulocyte binding/rhoptry protein; This model represents a group of paralogous families in plasmodium species alternately annotated as reticulocyte binding protein, 235-kDa family protein and rhoptry protein. Rhoptry protein is localized on the cell surface and is extremely large (although apparently lacking in repeat structure) and is important for the process of invasion of the RBCs by the parasite. These proteins are found in P. falciparum, P. vivax and P. yoelii.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116  231 NELEKIWAEYNVAQEKIQtclneNEGNILIAERNEVQQklfvavdvfiLEVDDlpldkrlktlQDLATSLE-SVYGKAKE 309
Cdd:TIGR01612 1997 NELKDTLSDLKYKKEKIL-----NDVKLLLHKFDELNK----------LSCDS----------QNYDTILElSKQDKIKE 2051

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116  310 GTNNSEETLRKF-YDWQCTKREE-FASIRSETEaSLQHLVAWFQSSQKVFDLSLDEPLTSEDLIGNIDEILeKTEscvCK 387
Cdd:TIGR01612 2052 KIDNYEKEKEKFgIDFDVKAMEEkFDNDIKDIE-KFENNYKHSEKDNHDFSEEKDNIIQSKKKLKELTEAF-NTE---IK 2126

                          170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116  388 ELELSLIEQ-GVID------KEIILSTYSQVLQKIHSE----EKFIATLLSKYKDSVEFKKQMIDCLNKnpNVDYL---L 453
Cdd:TIGR01612 2127 IIEDKIIEKnDLIDkliemrKECLLFSYATLVETLKSKvinhSEFITSAAKFSKDFFEFIEDISDSLND--DIDALqikY 2204

                          250       260       270       280       290       300       310       320
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116  454 SIKKTLKGLKAQLRWKLVEKSNLEESDdhdgTEIEKIKQEITQLRNSVFQEIYHEREEYEKL-----NSLTQKWFPELPL 528
Cdd:TIGR01612 2205 NLNQTKKHMISILADATKDHNNLIEKE----KEATKIINNLTELFTIDFNNADADILHNNKIqiiyfNSELHKSIESIKK 2280

                          330
                   ....*....|..
gi 1720419116  529 LYPEIGLLKYMN 540
Cdd:TIGR01612 2281 LYKKINAFKLLN 2292

Tudor domain found in Tudor domain-containing protein 8 (TDRD8) and similar proteins; TDRD8, also called serine/threonine-protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.1) 31 (STK31), serine/threonine-protein kinase NYD-SPK, or Sugen kinase 396 (SgK396), is a germ cell-specific factor expressed in embryonic gonocytes of both sexes, and in postnatal spermatocytes and round spermatids in males. It acts as a cell-cycle regulated protein that contributes to the tumorigenicity of epithelial cancer cells. TDRD8 contains a Tudor domain and a serine/threonine kinase domain. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1720419116  61 IGCSLSEVCPLANSVFGNLDPKKIYGGLFSEDKCWYRCKVLKTISDDKCLVRYIDYGNTEILNRSDIVEIPPELQ 135
Cdd:cd20430     1 LSDELAEVCPTAPPLFGTPDPNKIYGGKFSEDNCWYRCKVKSILSDEKCTVQYIDYGNTETVSRSSIVELPPDLQ 75

Serine/threonine protein kinase [Signal transduction mechanisms];

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 625 DPVAYLMVPYYPKANLSA-VQASMPLTSEEALKVMKGVARGLHTLHSANIIHGSLHQNNVFaLNREQGI-VGDYDFTK-- 700
Cdd:COG0515    79 DGRPYLVMEYVEGESLADlLRRRGPLPPAEALRILAQLAEALAAAHAAGIVHRDIKPANIL-LTPDGRVkLIDFGIARal 157

                          90       100       110       120
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1720419116 701 SESQRASVNAMVGGLSLLSPELKTGKPPSASSDLYAYGCLFLWL 744
Cdd:COG0515   158 GGATLTQTGTVVGTPGYMAPEQARGEPVDPRSDVYSLGVTLYEL 201

Tudor domain; Domain of unknown function present in several RNA-binding proteins. 10 copies in the Drosophila Tudor protein. Initial proposal that the survival motor neuron gene product contain a Tudor domain are corroborated by more recent database search techniques such as PSI-BLAST (unpublished).

                           10        20        30        40
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1720419116   89 FSEDKCWYRCKVLKTISDDKCLVRYIDYGNTEILNRSDIVEIPPEL 134
Cdd:smart00333  12 RWEDGEWYRARIVKVDGEQLYEVFFIDYGNEEVVPPSDLRQLPEEL 57

Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain; Phosphotransferases. Serine or threonine-specific kinase subfamily.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116  629 YLMVPYYPKANLSAV-QASMPLTSEEALKVMKGVARGLHTLHSANIIHGSLHQNNVFaLNrEQGIV--GDYDFTKSESQR 705
Cdd:smart00220  73 YLVMEYCEGGDLFDLlKKRGRLSEDEARFYLRQILSALEYLHSKGIVHRDLKPENIL-LD-EDGHVklADFGLARQLDPG 150

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116  706 ASVNAMVGGLSLLSPELKTGKPPSASSDLYAYGCLF--------LWLSVQNQE--FETNEDGIPKVDQFH--LDDNVKSL 773
Cdd:smart00220 151 EKLTTFVGTPEYMAPEVLLGKGYGKAVDIWSLGVILyelltgkpPFPGDDQLLelFKKIGKPKPPFPPPEwdISPEAKDL 230

                          170       180
                   ....*....|....*....|....
gi 1720419116  774 LCSLIYFRSS--MTAEQVLNAECF 795
Cdd:smart00220 231 IRKLLVKDPEkrLTAEEALQHPFF 254

serine/threonine kinase US3; Provisional

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 626 PVAYLMVPYYPKANLSAVQASMPLTSEEALKVMKGVARGLHTLHSANIIHGSLHQNNVFALNREQGIVGDYDF---TKSE 702
Cdd:PHA03207  159 STVCMVMPKYKCDLFTYVDRSGPLPLEQAITIQRRLLEALAYLHGRGIIHRDVKTENIFLDEPENAVLGDFGAackLDAH 238

                          90       100       110       120
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1720419116 703 SQRASVNAMVGGLSLLSPELKTGKPPSASSDLYAYGCLFLWLSVQNQEF 751
Cdd:PHA03207  239 PDTPQCYGWSGTLETNSPELLALDPYCAKTDIWSAGLVLFEMSVKNVTL 287

Tudor domain found in Tudor domain-containing protein 8 (TDRD8) and similar proteins; TDRD8, also called serine/threonine-protein kinase (EC 2.7.11.1) 31 (STK31), serine/threonine-protein kinase NYD-SPK, or Sugen kinase 396 (SgK396), is a germ cell-specific factor expressed in embryonic gonocytes of both sexes, and in postnatal spermatocytes and round spermatids in males. It acts as a cell-cycle regulated protein that contributes to the tumorigenicity of epithelial cancer cells. TDRD8 contains a Tudor domain and a serine/threonine kinase domain. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1720419116  61 IGCSLSEVCPLANSVFGNLDPKKIYGGLFSEDKCWYRCKVLKTISDDKCLVRYIDYGNTEILNRSDIVEIPPELQ 135
Cdd:cd20430     1 LSDELAEVCPTAPPLFGTPDPNKIYGGKFSEDNCWYRCKVKSILSDEKCTVQYIDYGNTETVSRSSIVELPPDLQ 75

Tudor domain found in Drosophila melanogaster maternal protein Tudor (dTUD) and similar proteins; dTUD is required during oogenesis for the formation of primordial germ cells and for normal abdominal segmentation. It contains 11 Tudor domains. The family also includes mitochondrial A-kinase anchor protein 1 (AKAP1) and Tudor domain-containing proteins (TDRDs). AKAP1, also called A-kinase anchor protein 149 kDa (AKAP 149), or dual specificity A-kinase-anchoring protein 1 (D-AKAP-1), or protein kinase A-anchoring protein 1 (PRKA1), or Spermatid A-kinase anchor protein 84 (S-AKAP84), is found in mitochondria and in the endoplasmic reticulum-nuclear envelope where it anchors protein kinases, phosphatases, and a phosphodiesterase. It regulates multiple cellular processes governing mitochondrial homeostasis and cell viability. AKAP1 binds to type I and II regulatory subunits of protein kinase A and anchors them to the cytoplasmic face of the mitochondrial outer membrane. TDRDs have diverse biological functions and may contain one or more copies of the Tudor domain. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1720419116  83 KIYGGLFSEDKCWYRCKVLKTISDDKCLVRYIDYGNTEILNRSDIVEI 130
Cdd:cd20379     3 DLCAAKYEEDGKWYRARVLEVLSNDKVEVFFVDYGNTETVPLSDLRPL 50

Tudor domain found in Tudor domain-containing protein 11 (TDRD11) and similar proteins; TDRD11, also called Staphylococcal nuclease domain-containing protein 1 (SND1), 100 kDa coactivator, EBNA2 coactivator p100, or p100 co-activator, is a multifunctional protein that is reportedly associated with different types of RNA molecules, including mRNA, miRNA, pre-miRNA, and dsRNA. It has been implicated in a number of biological processes in eukaryotic cells, including the cell cycle, DNA damage repair, proliferation, and apoptosis. TDRD11 is overexpressed in multiple cancers and functions as an oncogene. It contains multiple Staphylococcal nuclease (SN) domains and a C-terminal Tudor domain. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1720419116  81 PKK--IYGGLFSEDKCWYRCKVLKTISDDKCLVRYIDYGNTEILNRSDIVEIPPEL 134
Cdd:cd20433    28 PRKgdLCAAKFVEDGEWYRAKVEKVEGDKKVHVLYIDYGNREVLPSTRLAALPPAF 83

second Tudor domain found in Tudor domain-containing protein 1 (TDRD1) and similar proteins; TDRD1, also called cancer/testis antigen 41.1 (CT41.1), plays a central role during spermatogenesis by participating in the repression transposable elements and preventing their mobilization, which is essential for germline integrity. It acts via the piRNA metabolic process, which mediates the repression of transposable elements during meiosis by forming complexes composed of piRNAs and Piwi proteins, and governs the methylation and subsequent repression of transposons. TDRD1 contains four Tudor domains. This model corresponds to the second one. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1720419116  88 LFSEDKCWYRCKVLKTISDDKCLVRYIDYGNTEILNRSDIVEIPPEL 134
Cdd:cd20409    35 QFTEDNQWYRASVLAYSSEDSVLVGYIDFGNSEEVALSRLRPIPPSL 81

Catalytic domain of the Protein Serine/Threonine Kinase, Never In Mitosis gene A (NIMA)-related kinase 8; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. Nek8 contains an N-terminal kinase catalytic domain and a C-terminal RCC1 (regulator of chromosome condensation) domain. A double point mutation in Nek8 causes cystic kidney disease in mice that genetically resembles human autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease (ARPKD). Nek8 is also associated with a rare form of juvenile renal cystic disease, nephronophthisis type 9. It has been suggested that a defect in the ciliary localization of Nek8 contributes to the development of cysts manifested by these diseases. Nek8 is one in a family of 11 different Neks (Nek1-11) that are involved in cell cycle control. The Nek family is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 649 LTSEEALKVMKGVARGLHTLHSANIIHGSLHQNNVFaLNREQGIV--GDYDFTKSESQRASVNAMVGGLSLLSPELKTGK 726
Cdd:cd08220    98 LSEEEILHFFVQILLALHHVHSKQILHRDLKTQNIL-LNKKRTVVkiGDFGISKILSSKSKAYTVVGTPCYISPELCEGK 176

                          90       100
                  ....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1720419116 727 PPSASSDLYAYGCLFLWLSVQNQEFE 752
Cdd:cd08220   177 PYNQKSDIWALGCVLYELASLKRAFE 202

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinases, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii FA2 and similar proteins; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. Chlamydomonas reinhardtii FA2 was discovered in a genetic screen for deflagellation-defective mutants. It is essential for basal-body/centriole-associated microtubule severing, and plays a role in cell cycle progression. No cellular function has yet been ascribed to CNK4. The Chlamydomonas reinhardtii FA2-like subfamily belongs to the (NIMA)-related kinase (Nek) family, which includes seven different Chlamydomonas Neks (CNKs 1-6 and Fa2). This subfamily contains FA2 and CNK4. The Nek family is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 629 YLMVPYYPKANLSAV---QASMPLTSEEALKVMKGVARGLHTLHSANIIHGSLHQNNVFALNREQGIVGDYDFTKSESQR 705
Cdd:cd08529    75 NIVMEYAENGDLHSLiksQRGRPLPEDQIWKFFIQTLLGLSHLHSKKILHRDIKSMNIFLDKGDNVKIGDLGVAKILSDT 154

                          90       100       110       120       130
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1720419116 706 AS-VNAMVGGLSLLSPELKTGKPPSASSDLYAYGCLFLWLSVQNQEFETNEDG 757
Cdd:cd08529   155 TNfAQTIVGTPYYLSPELCEDKPYNEKSDVWALGCVLYELCTGKHPFEAQNQG 207

Catalytic domain of Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase (MAPK) Kinase Kinase-like Serine/Threonine kinases; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. This subfamily is composed mainly of MAP3Ks and similar proteins, including TGF-beta Activated Kinase-1 (TAK1, also called MAP3K7), MAP3K12, MAP3K13, Mixed lineage kinase (MLK), MLK-Like mitogen-activated protein Triple Kinase (MLTK), and Raf (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) kinases. MAP3Ks (MKKKs or MAPKKKs) phosphorylate and activate MAPK kinases (MAPKKs or MKKs or MAP2Ks), which in turn phosphorylate and activate MAPKs during signaling cascades that are important in mediating cellular responses to extracellular signals. Also included in this subfamily is the pseudokinase Kinase Suppressor of Ras (KSR), which is a scaffold protein that functions downstream of Ras and upstream of Raf in the Extracellular signal-Regulated Kinase (ERK) pathway.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 618 FLFLCKSDPVAYLMVPYYPKANLSAV--QASMPLTSEEALKVMKGVARGLHTLHSANIIHGSLHQNNVFALNREQGIVGD 695
Cdd:cd13999    55 FIGACLSPPPLCIVTEYMPGGSLYDLlhKKKIPLSWSLRLKIALDIARGMNYLHSPPIIHRDLKSLNILLDENFTVKIAD 134

                          90       100       110       120
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1720419116 696 YDFTKSESQRASV-NAMVGGLSLLSPELKTGKPPSASSDLYAYGCLfLW 743
Cdd:cd13999   135 FGLSRIKNSTTEKmTGVVGTPRWMAPEVLRGEPYTEKADVYSFGIV-LW 182

sixth Tudor domain found in Tudor domain-containing protein 6 (TDRD6) and similar proteins; TDRD6, also called antigen NY-CO-45 or cancer/testis antigen 41.2 (CT41.2), is a testis-specific expressed protein that was localized to the chromatoid bodies in germ cells, and is involved in spermiogenesis, chromatoid body formation, and for proper precursor and mature miRNA expression. Mutations in TDRD6 may be associated with human male infertility and early embryonic lethality. TDRD6 contains seven Tudor domains. This model corresponds to the sixth one. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1720419116  89 FSEDKCWYRCKVLKTISDDKCLVRYIDYGNTEILNRSDIVEIPPEL 134
Cdd:cd20425    58 YPEDGLWYRAVVKEKIPNNLVSVQFIDYGNTSVVQPSKIHRLPKEL 103

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinases, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinases 12 and 13; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. MAP3K12 is also called MAPK upstream kinase (MUK), dual leucine zipper-bearing kinase (DLK) or leucine-zipper protein kinase (ZPK). It is involved in the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) pathway that directly regulates axonal regulation through the phosphorylation of microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP1B). It also regulates the differentiation of many cell types including adipocytes and may play a role in adipogenesis. MAP3K13, also called leucine zipper-bearing kinase (LZK), directly phosphorylates and activates MKK7, which in turn activates the JNK pathway. It also activates NF-kB through IKK activation and this activity is enhanced by antioxidant protein-1 (AOP-1). MAP3Ks (MKKKs or MAPKKKs) phosphorylate and activate MAP2Ks (MAPKKs or MKKs), which in turn phosphorylate and activate MAPKs during signaling cascades that are important in mediating cellular responses to extracellular signals. The MAP3K12/13 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 618 FLFLCKSDPVAYLMVPYYPKANLSAV-QASMPLTSEEALKVMKGVARGLHTLHSANIIHGSLHQNNVFALNREQGIVGDY 696
Cdd:cd14059    46 FKGVCTQAPCYCILMEYCPYGQLYEVlRAGREITPSLLVDWSKQIASGMNYLHLHKIIHRDLKSPNVLVTYNDVLKISDF 125

                          90       100       110       120
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1720419116 697 DFTKSESQRASVNAMVGGLSLLSPELKTGKPPSASSDLYAYGCLfLW 743
Cdd:cd14059   126 GTSKELSEKSTKMSFAGTVAWMAPEVIRNEPCSEKVDIWSFGVV-LW 171

Serine/Threonine protein kinases, catalytic domain; Phosphotransferases. Serine or threonine-specific kinase subfamily.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116  629 YLMVPYYPKANLSAV-QASMPLTSEEALKVMKGVARGLHTLHSANIIHGSLHQNNVFaLNrEQGIV--GDYDFTKSESQR 705
Cdd:smart00220  73 YLVMEYCEGGDLFDLlKKRGRLSEDEARFYLRQILSALEYLHSKGIVHRDLKPENIL-LD-EDGHVklADFGLARQLDPG 150

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116  706 ASVNAMVGGLSLLSPELKTGKPPSASSDLYAYGCLF--------LWLSVQNQE--FETNEDGIPKVDQFH--LDDNVKSL 773
Cdd:smart00220 151 EKLTTFVGTPEYMAPEVLLGKGYGKAVDIWSLGVILyelltgkpPFPGDDQLLelFKKIGKPKPPFPPPEwdISPEAKDL 230

                          170       180
                   ....*....|....*....|....
gi 1720419116  774 LCSLIYFRSS--MTAEQVLNAECF 795
Cdd:smart00220 231 IRKLLVKDPEkrLTAEEALQHPFF 254

Catalytic domain of the LIM domain kinase-like protein kinases; PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine or tyrosine residues on protein substrates. Members of this subfamily include LIMK, Testicular or testis-specific protein kinase (TESK), and similar proteins. LIMKs are characterized as serine/threonine kinases (STKs) while TESKs are dual-specificity protein kinases. Both LIMK and TESK phosphorylate and inactivate cofilin, an actin depolymerizing factor, to induce the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. They are implicated in many cellular functions including cell spreading, motility, morphogenesis, meiosis, mitosis, and spermatogenesis. The LIMK-like subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 618 FLFLCKSDPVAYLMVPYYPKANLSAVQASM--PLTSEEALKVMKGVARGLHTLHSANIIHGSLHQNN--VFALNREQ-GI 692
Cdd:cd14065    53 FIGVCVKDNKLNFITEYVNGGTLEELLKSMdeQLPWSQRVSLAKDIASGMAYLHSKNIIHRDLNSKNclVREANRGRnAV 132

                          90       100       110       120       130
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1720419116 693 VGDY-------DFTKSESQRASVNAMVGGLSLLSPELKTGKPPSASSDLYAYG 738
Cdd:cd14065   133 VADFglarempDEKTKKPDRKKRLTVVGSPYWMAPEMLRGESYDEKVDVFSFG 185

fourth Tudor domain found in Tudor domain-containing protein 6 (TDRD6) and similar proteins; TDRD6, also called antigen NY-CO-45 or cancer/testis antigen 41.2 (CT41.2), is a testis-specific expressed protein that was localized to the chromatoid bodies in germ cells, and is involved in spermiogenesis, chromatoid body formation, and for proper precursor and mature miRNA expression. Mutations in TDRD6 may be associated with human male infertility and early embryonic lethality. TDRD6 contains seven Tudor domains. This model corresponds to the fourth one. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1720419116  89 FSEDKCWYRCKVLKTISD-DKCLVRYIDYGNTEILNRSDIVEIPPE-LQFSSIAKKYRLWGLQIPSGQ 154
Cdd:cd20423    13 YSEDGKWCRALIDNVYEPvEMVEVTYVDYGNKELVSLKNLRSISEEfLKLKAQAFRCSLYNLIQPSGQ 80

Catalytic domain of the Dual-specificity Protein Kinase, Dusty; Dual-specificity PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine as well as tyrosine residues on protein substrates. Dusty protein kinase is also called Receptor-interacting protein kinase 5 (RIPK5 or RIP5) or RIP-homologous kinase. It is widely distributed in the central nervous system, and may be involved in inducing both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent cell death. The Dusty subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein serine/threonine PKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 649 LTSEEALKVMKGVARGLHTLHSANIIHGSLHQNNVFALNREQGIVGDYDFTKSESQRASvnAMVGGLSLLSPELKTGKPP 728
Cdd:cd13975    99 LSLEERLQIALDVVEGIRFLHSQGLVHRDIKLKNVLLDKKNRAKITDLGFCKPEAMMSG--SIVGTPIHMAPELFSGKYD 176

                          90
                  ....*....|....*.
gi 1720419116 729 SaSSDLYAYGCLFLWL 744
Cdd:cd13975   177 N-SVDVYAFGILFWYL 191

second Tudor domain found in Tudor domain-containing protein 12 (TDRD12) and similar proteins; TDRD12, also called ES cell-associated transcript 8 protein (ECAT8), is a putative ATP-dependent DEAD-like RNA helicase that is essential for germ cell development and maintenance. It acts as a unique piRNA biogenesis factor essential for secondary PIWI interacting RNA (piRNA) biogenesis. TDRD12 contains two Tudor domains, one at the N-terminus and the other at the C-terminal end. The model corresponds to the second/C-terminal one. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40        50
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1720419116  87 GLFSEDKCWYRCKVLK-TISDDKC-----LVRYIDYGNTEILNRSDIVEIPPELQ 135
Cdd:cd20435    57 AVEDENNLYHRVKVLEiTEKDDKTkprevLVKFIDEGRVETVVVSQLLELPEELK 111

seventh Tudor domain found in Tudor domain-containing protein 6 (TDRD6) and similar proteins; TDRD6, also called antigen NY-CO-45 or cancer/testis antigen 41.2 (CT41.2), is a testis-specific expressed protein that was localized to the chromatoid bodies in germ cells, and is involved in spermiogenesis, chromatoid body formation, and for proper precursor and mature miRNA expression. Mutations in TDRD6 may be associated with human male infertility and early embryonic lethality. TDRD6 contains seven Tudor domains. This model corresponds to the seventh one. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1720419116  89 FSEDKCWYRCKVlKTISDDKCLVRYIDYGNTEILNRSDIVEIPPEL 134
Cdd:cd20426    57 YSEDNHWYRALV-TKINDNLVSVRFVDYGNEEDVVREQVRALPSEL 101

Catalytic domain of STE family Protein Kinases; PKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine (ST) or tyrosine residues on protein substrates. This family is composed of STKs, and some dual-specificity PKs that phosphorylate both threonine and tyrosine residues of target proteins. Most members are kinases involved in mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling cascades, acting as MAPK kinases (MAPKKs), MAPKK kinases (MAPKKKs), or MAPKKK kinases (MAP4Ks). The MAPK signaling pathways are important mediators of cellular responses to extracellular signals. The pathways involve a triple kinase core cascade comprising of the MAPK, which is phosphorylated and activated by a MAPKK, which itself is phosphorylated and activated by a MAPKKK. Each MAPK cascade is activated either by a small GTP-binding protein or by an adaptor protein, which transmits the signal either directly to a MAPKKK to start the triple kinase core cascade or indirectly through a mediator kinase, a MAP4K. Other STE family members include p21-activated kinases (PAKs) and class III myosins, among others. PAKs are Rho family GTPase-regulated kinases that serve as important mediators in the function of Cdc42 (cell division cycle 42) and Rac. Class III myosins are motor proteins containing an N-terminal kinase catalytic domain and a C-terminal actin-binding domain, which can phosphorylate several cytoskeletal proteins, conventional myosin regulatory light chains, as well as autophosphorylate the C-terminal motor domain. They play an important role in maintaining the structural integrity of photoreceptor cell microvilli. The STE family is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 620 FLCKSDPvaYLMVPYYPKANLSAV--QASMPLTSEEALKVMKGVARGLHTLHSANIIHGSLHQNNVfALNREQGI-VGDY 696
Cdd:cd05122    66 YLKKDEL--WIVMEFCSGGSLKDLlkNTNKTLTEQQIAYVCKEVLKGLEYLHSHGIIHRDIKAANI-LLTSDGEVkLIDF 142

                          90       100       110       120
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1720419116 697 DFTKSESQRASVNAMVGGLSLLSPELKTGKPPSASSDLYAYGC 739
Cdd:cd05122   143 GLSAQLSDGKTRNTFVGTPYWMAPEVIQGKPYGFKADIWSLGI 185

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, Polo-like kinase 1; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. PLKs play important roles in cell cycle progression and in DNA damage responses. They regulate mitotic entry, mitotic exit, and cytokinesis. In general PLKs contain an N-terminal catalytic kinase domain and a C-terminal regulatory polo box domain (PBD), which is comprised by two bipartite polo-box motifs (or polo boxes) and is involved in protein interactions. There are five mammalian PLKs (PLK1-5) from distinct genes. PLK1 functions as a positive regulator of mitosis, meiosis, and cytokinesis. Its localization changes during mitotic progression; associating first with centrosomes in prophase, with kinetochores in prometaphase and metaphase, at the central spindle in anaphase, and in the midbody during telophase. It carries multiple functions throughout the cell cycle through interactions with differrent substrates at these specific subcellular locations. PLK1 is overexpressed in many human cancers and is associated with poor prognosis. The PLK1 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 649 LTSEEALKVMKGVARGLHTLHSANIIHGSLHQNNVFaLNREQGI-VGDYDF-TKSESQRASVNAMVGGLSLLSPELKTGK 726
Cdd:cd14187   104 LTEPEARYYLRQIILGCQYLHRNRVIHRDLKLGNLF-LNDDMEVkIGDFGLaTKVEYDGERKKTLCGTPNYIAPEVLSKK 182

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 727 PPSASSDLYAYGCLFLWLSVQNQEFET------------NEDGIPKvdqfHLDDNVKSLLCSLIYFRSSM--TAEQVLNA 792
Cdd:cd14187   183 GHSFEVDIWSIGCIMYTLLVGKPPFETsclketylrikkNEYSIPK----HINPVAASLIQKMLQTDPTArpTINELLND 258

                  ...
gi 1720419116 793 ECF 795
Cdd:cd14187   259 EFF 261

fifth Tudor domain found in Tudor domain-containing protein 4 (TDRD4) and similar proteins; TDRD4, also called RING finger protein 17 (RNF17), is a component of the mammalian germ cell nuage and is essential for spermiogenesis. It seems to be involved in the regulation of transcriptional activity of MYC. In vitro, TDRD4 inhibits the DNA-binding activity of Mad-MAX heterodimers. It can recruit Mad transcriptional repressors (MXD1, MXD3, MXD4 and MXI1) to the cytoplasm. TDRD4 also acts as a potential cancer/testis antigen in liver cancer. TDRD4 contains a RING finger and five Tudor domains. This model corresponds to the fifth one. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....
gi 1720419116  92 DKCWYRCKVL--KTISDDKCLVRYIDYGNTEILNRSDIVEIPPEL-QFSSIAKKYRLWGLQIPS 152
Cdd:cd20418    16 DGKWYRAKLLsiLEFNPVKILVRHVDYGSTAALPTSRLRQIPAELmQYPCQAIKVKLAGFKPPL 79

sixth Tudor domain found in Tudor domain-containing protein 15 (TDRD15) and similar proteins; TDRD15 is an uncharacterized Tudor domain-containing protein that contains seven Tudor domains. This model corresponds to the sixth one. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1720419116  72 ANSVFGNLDPKKIYGGL----FSEDKCWYRCKVLKTISDDKCLVRYIDYGNTEILNRSDIVEIPPE 133
Cdd:cd20441    27 SEKSRENAAVKLKVGDLvaaeYDEDLALYRAVITAVLPGKSFKVEFIDYGNTAVVDKSNIYTLQEK 92

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, LIM domain kinase; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. LIMKs phosphorylate and inactivate cofilin, an actin depolymerizing factor, to induce the reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. They act downstream of Rho GTPases and are expressed ubiquitously. As regulators of actin dynamics, they contribute to diverse cellular functions such as cell motility, morphogenesis, differentiation, apoptosis, meiosis, mitosis, and neurite extension. LIMKs contain the LIM (two repeats), PDZ, and catalytic kinase domains. Vertebrate have two members, LIMK1 and LIMK2. The LIMK subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 630 LMVPYYPKANLSAVQASM--PLTSEEALKVMKGVARGLHTLHSANIIHGSLHQNNVFALNREQGIVGDY----------- 696
Cdd:cd14154    67 LITEYIPGGTLKDVLKDMarPLPWAQRVRFAKDIASGMAYLHSMNIIHRDLNSHNCLVREDKTVVVADFglarliveerl 146

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 697 ----------DFTKSESQRASVNAMVGGLSLLSPELKTGKPPSASSDLYAYGCLFLWLSVQnqeFETNEDGIPKVDQFHL 766
Cdd:cd14154   147 psgnmspsetLRHLKSPDRKKRYTVVGNPYWMAPEMLNGRSYDEKVDIFSFGIVLCEIIGR---VEADPDYLPRTKDFGL 223

                  .
gi 1720419116 767 D 767
Cdd:cd14154   224 N 224

Catalytic domain of the Serine/Threonine Kinase, BRI1 associated kinase 1 and related STKs; STKs catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. This subfamily includes three leucine-rich repeat receptor-like kinases (LRR-RLKs): Arabidopsis thaliana BAK1 and CLAVATA1 (CLV1), and Physcomitrella patens CLL1B clavata1-like receptor S/T protein kinase. BAK1 functions in various signaling pathways. It plays a role in BR (brassinosteroid)-regulated plant development as a co-receptor of BRASSINOSTEROID (BR) INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1), the receptor for BRs, and is required for full activation of BR signaling. It also modulates pathways involved in plant resistance to pathogen infection (pattern-triggered immunity, PTI) and herbivore attack (wound- or herbivore feeding-induced accumulation of jasmonic acid (JA) and JA-isoleucine. CLV1, directly binds small signaling peptides, CLAVATA3 (CLV3) and CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGI0N (CLE), to restrict stem cell proliferation: the CLV3-CLV1-WUS (WUSCHEL) module influences stem cell maintenance in the shoot apical meristem, and the CLE40 (CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION40) -ACR4 (CRINKLY4) -CLV1- WOX5 (WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX5) module at the root apical meristem. The STK_BAK1-like subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of other protein STKs, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 582 GYSVDVDTEGRVIQRAASYHRACgyakeesgllpliflflCKSDPVAYLMVPYYPKANL-----SAVQASMPLTSEEALK 656
Cdd:cd14664    36 GFQAEIQTLGMIRHRNIVRLRGY-----------------CSNPTTNLLVYEYMPNGSLgellhSRPESQPPLDWETRQR 98

                          90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 657 VMKGVARGLHTLH---SANIIHGSLHQNNVFALNREQGIVGDYDFTK--SESQRASVNAMVGGLSLLSPE-LKTGKPpSA 730
Cdd:cd14664    99 IALGSARGLAYLHhdcSPLIIHRDVKSNNILLDEEFEAHVADFGLAKlmDDKDSHVMSSVAGSYGYIAPEyAYTGKV-SE 177

                         170
                  ....*....|....
gi 1720419116 731 SSDLYAYGCLFLWL 744
Cdd:cd14664   178 KSDVYSYGVVLLEL 191

Pseudokinase domain, repeat 1, of eukaryotic translation Initiation Factor 2-Alpha Kinase 4 or General Control Non-derepressible-2; The pseudokinase domain shows similarity to protein kinases but lacks crucial residues for catalytic activity. EIF2AKs phosphorylate the alpha subunit of eIF-2, resulting in the overall downregulation of protein synthesis. eIF-2 phosphorylation is induced in response to cellular stresses including virus infection, heat shock, nutrient deficiency, and the accummulation of unfolded proteins, among others. There are four distinct kinases that phosphorylate eIF-2 and control protein synthesis under different stress conditions: GCN2, protein kinase regulated by RNA (PKR), heme-regulated inhibitor kinase (HRI), and PKR-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK). GCN2 is activated by amino acid or serum starvation and UV irradiation. It induces GCN4, a transcriptional activator of amino acid biosynthetic genes, leading to increased production of amino acids under amino acid-deficient conditions. In serum-starved cells, GCN2 activation induces translation of the stress-responsive transcription factor ATF4, while under UV stress, GCN2 triggers transcriptional rescue via NF-kappaB signaling. GCN2 contains an N-terminal RWD, a degenerate kinase-like (repeat 1), the catalytic kinase (repeat 2), a histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HisRS)-like, and a C-terminal ribosome-binding and dimerization (RB/DD) domains. The degenerate pseudokinase domain of GCN2 may function as a regulatory domain. The GCN2 subfamily is part of a larger superfamily that includes the catalytic domains of serine/threonine kinases, protein tyrosine kinases, RIO kinases, aminoglycoside phosphotransferase, choline kinase, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase.

                          10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1720419116 629 YLMVPYYPKANLSA-VQASMPLTSEEALKVMKGVARGLHTLHSANIIHGSLHQNNVFALNREQGI---VGDY-------D 697
Cdd:cd14012    80 YLLTEYAPGGSLSElLDSVGSVPLDTARRWTLQLLEALEYLHRNGVVHKSLHAGNVLLDRDAGTGivkLTDYslgktllD 159

                          90       100       110       120
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1720419116 698 FTKSESQRASVNAMVgglslLSPEL-KTGKPPSASSDLYAYGCLFL 742
Cdd:cd14012   160 MCSRGSLDEFKQTYW-----LPPELaQGSKSPTRKTDVWDLGLLFL 200

Tudor domain found in Tudor domain-containing protein 9 (TDRD9) and similar proteins; TDRD9 is an ATP-dependent DEAD-like RNA helicase required during spermatogenesis. It is involved in the biosynthesis of PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs). A recessive deleterious mutation mutation in TDRD9 causes non-obstructive azoospermia in infertile men. TDRD9 contains an N-terminal HrpA-like RNA helicase module and a Tudor domain. The Tudor domain binds to proteins with dimethylated arginine or lysine residues, and may also bind methylated histone tails to facilitate protein-protein interactions.

                          10        20        30        40
                  ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1720419116  90 SEDKCWYRCKVLKtISDDKCLVRYIDYGNTEILNRSDIVEIPPEL 134
Cdd:cd20431    54 ADMKKYYRAKILY-VSGSSAEVFFVDYGNTSQVPSSLLREIPETL 97