Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases Also called Dbl-homologous (DH) domain. It appears that PH domains invariably occur C-terminal to RhoGEF/DH domains. Improved coverage.

                            10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354   755 VIFELMQTEMHHIQTLFIMSEIFRKGMKEELQ-LDHSTVDKIFPCLDELLEIHRHFFYSMKERRQEScagsdrNFVIDRI 833
Cdd:smart00325    1 VLKELLQTERNYVRDLKLLVEVFLKPLKKELKlLSPNELETLFGNIEEIYEFHRDFLDELEERIEEW------DDSVERI 74

                            90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354   834 GDILVQQfseenaSKMKKIYGEFCCHHKEAVNLFKELQQNKKFQNFIKLRNSNLLARRRGIPECILLVTQRITKYPVLVE 913
Cdd:smart00325   75 GDVFLKL------EEFFKIYSEYCSNHPDALELLKKLKKNPRFQKFLKEIESSPQCRRLTLESLLLKPVQRLTKYPLLLK 148

                           170       180       190
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1917203354   914 RILQYTKERTEEHKDLRKALCLIKDMIATVD 944
Cdd:smart00325  149 ELLKHTPEDHEDREDLKKALKAIKELANQVN 179

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases Also called Dbl-homologous (DH) domain. It appears that PH domains invariably occur C-terminal to RhoGEF/DH domains. Improved coverage.

                            10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354   755 VIFELMQTEMHHIQTLFIMSEIFRKGMKEELQ-LDHSTVDKIFPCLDELLEIHRHFFYSMKERRQEScagsdrNFVIDRI 833
Cdd:smart00325    1 VLKELLQTERNYVRDLKLLVEVFLKPLKKELKlLSPNELETLFGNIEEIYEFHRDFLDELEERIEEW------DDSVERI 74

                            90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354   834 GDILVQQfseenaSKMKKIYGEFCCHHKEAVNLFKELQQNKKFQNFIKLRNSNLLARRRGIPECILLVTQRITKYPVLVE 913
Cdd:smart00325   75 GDVFLKL------EEFFKIYSEYCSNHPDALELLKKLKKNPRFQKFLKEIESSPQCRRLTLESLLLKPVQRLTKYPLLLK 148

                           170       180       190
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1917203354   914 RILQYTKERTEEHKDLRKALCLIKDMIATVD 944
Cdd:smart00325  149 ELLKHTPEDHEDREDLKKALKAIKELANQVN 179

protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in 190 kDa guanine nucleotide exchange factor (p190RhoGEF) and similar proteins; p190RhoGEF, also called Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (RGNEF), Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 28 (ARHGEF28), or RIP2, is a brain-enriched, RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor that regulates signaling pathways downstream of integrins and growth factor receptors. It is involved in axonal branching, synapse formation and dendritic morphogenesis, as well as in focal adhesion formation, cell motility and B-lymphocytes activation. In addition to the Dbl homology (DH)-PH domain, p190RhoGEF contains an N-terminal C1 (Protein kinase C conserved region 1) domain. This model corresponds to the C1 domain. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1917203354  548 DKEKLNRHQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKTLLGKESLQCSNCNANVHKGCKDAAPACTKKFQEK 608
Cdd:cd20876      1 KEKQSNGHQFVTGSFSGPTLCVVCDKPVTGKELLQCSNCTVNVHKGCKESAPPCTKKLQDK 61

PH domain;

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354  971 LKNGHVFRKQALMseERTLLYDGLVYWKTATGRFKDILALLLTDVLLFLQEKDQKYIFAA-------VDQK--PSVISLQ 1041
Cdd:pfam17838    1 HPLGEEFKKLDLT--TRKLIHEGPLTWRNSKGKLVEVHALLLEDILVLLQEKDQKLVLAClstgsenVDQKtqSPIISLK 78

                           90       100       110       120
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1917203354 1042 KLIAREVANEERGMFLISASSAGPEMYEIHTNSKEERNNWMRRIQQAVE 1090
Cdd:pfam17838   79 KLIVREVATDKKAFFLISTSPSDPQMYELHASTKSERNTWTKLIQDAIE 127

Phorbol esters/diacylglycerol binding domain (C1 domain); This domain is also known as the Protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1) domain.

                           10        20        30        40
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1917203354  555 HQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKTLLGKES--LQCSNCNANVHKGCKDAAPAC 601
Cdd:pfam00130    1 HHFVHRNFKQPTFCDHCGEFLWGLGKqgLKCSWCKLNVHKRCHEKVPPE 49

Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 18 Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; ARHGEF18, also called p114RhoGEF, is a key regulator of RhoA-Rock2 signaling that is crucial for maintenance of polarity in the vertebrate retinal epithelium, and consequently is essential for cellular differentiation, morphology and eventually organ function. ARHGEF18 contains Dbl-homology (DH) and pleckstrin-homology (PH) domains which bind and catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP on RhoA. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354  986 ERTLLYDGLVYWKTATGRFKDILALLLTDVLLFLQEKDQKYIFAAVDQKPSVISLQKLIAREVANEERGMFLISASSAGP 1065
Cdd:cd15794      1 RRQLLLEGMLYWKAASGRLKDILALLLTDVLLLLQEKDQKYVFASVDSKPPVISLQKLIVREVANEEKAMFLISASLNGP 80

                           90       100       110
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1917203354 1066 EMYEIHTNSKEERNNWMRRIQQAVESCPEEKGGRTSESD 1104
Cdd:cd15794     81 EMYEIHTNSKEDRNTWMAHIRRAVESCPDEEEGLFSEPE 119

Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases; Also called Dbl-homologous (DH) domain. It appears that PH domains invariably occur C-terminal to RhoGEF/DH domains.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354  752 RQDVIFELMQTEMHHIQTLFIMSEIFRKGMKEELQ-LDHSTVDKIFPCLDELLEIHRHFFYSMKERRQESCAgsdrnfVI 830
Cdd:cd00160      1 RQEVIKELLQTERNYVRDLKLLVEVFLKPLDKELLpLSPEEVELLFGNIEEIYEFHRIFLKSLEERVEEWDK------SG 74

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354  831 DRIGDILVQQFSeenaskMKKIYGEFCCHHKEAVNLFKELQQ-NKKFQNFIKLRNSNllARRRGIPECILLVTQRITKYP 909
Cdd:cd00160     75 PRIGDVFLKLAP------FFKIYSEYCSNHPDALELLKKLKKfNKFFQEFLEKAESE--CGRLKLESLLLKPVQRLTKYP 146

                          170       180       190
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1917203354  910 VLVERILQYTKERTEEHKDLRKALCLIKDMIATVD 944
Cdd:cd00160    147 LLLKELLKHTPDGHEDREDLKKALEAIKEVASQVN 181

A-kinase anchoring protein 13 Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; The Rho-specific GEF activity of AKAP13 (also called Brx-1, AKAP-Lbc, and proto-Lbc) mediates signaling downstream of G-protein coupled receptors and Toll-like receptor 2. It plays a role in cell growth, cell development and actin fiber formation. Protein kinase A (PKA) binds and phosphorylates AKAP13, regulating its Rho-GEF activity. Alternative splicing of this gene in humans has at least 3 transcript variants encoding different isoforms (i.e. proto-/onco-Lymphoid blast crisis, Lbc and breast cancer nuclear receptor-binding auxiliary protein, Brx) containing a dbl oncogene homology (DH) domain and PH domain which are required for full transforming activity. The DH domain is associated with guanine nucleotide exchange activation while the PH domain has multiple functions including determine protein sub-cellular localisation via phosphoinositide interactions, while others bind protein partners. Other ligands include protein kinase C which is bound by the PH domain of AKAP13, serving to activate protein kinase D and mobilize a cardiac hypertrophy signaling pathway. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354  989 LLYDGLVYWKTATGRFKDILALLLTDVLLFLQEKDQKYIFAAVDQKPSVISLQKLIAREVANEERGMFLISASSAGPEMY 1068
Cdd:cd13392      1 LVRDGPVSLKNTAGRLKEVQAVLLSDVLVFLQEKDQKYVFASLDQKSTVISLKKLIVREVAHEEKGLFLISMGIADPEMV 80

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|...
gi 1917203354 1069 EIHTNSKEERNNWMRRIQQAVES 1091
Cdd:cd13392     81 EVHASSKEERNSWMQIIQDTINT 103

RhoGEF domain; Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases Also called Dbl-homologous (DH) domain. It appears that pfam00169 domains invariably occur C-terminal to RhoGEF/DH domains.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354  755 VIFELMQTEMHHIQTLFIMSEIFRKGMKEELQLDHSTVDKIFPCLDELLEIHRHFFysMKERRQEscagsdrNFVIDRIG 834
Cdd:pfam00621    1 VIKELLQTERSYVRDLEILVEVFLPPNSKPLSESEEEIKTIFSNIEEIYELHRQLL--LEELLKE-------WISIQRIG 71

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354  835 DILVQQFSeenaskMKKIYGEFCCHHKEAVNLFKELQQ-NKKFQNFIKLRNSNLLARRRGIPECILLVTQRITKYPVLVE 913
Cdd:pfam00621   72 DIFLKFAP------GFKVYSTYCSNYPKALKLLKKLLKkNPKFRAFLEELEANPECRGLDLNSFLIKPVQRIPRYPLLLK 145

                          170       180       190
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1917203354  914 RILQYTKERTEEHKDLRKALCLIKDMIATVD 944
Cdd:pfam00621  146 ELLKHTPPDHPDYEDLKKALEAIKEVAKQIN 176

Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor Pleckstrin homology domain; RhoGEFs belongs to regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) domain-containing RhoGEFs that are RhoA-selective and directly activated by the Galpha12/13 family of heterotrimeric G proteins. The members here all contain Dbl homology (DH)-PH domains. In addition some members contain N-terminal C1 (Protein kinase C conserved region 1) domains, PDZ (also called DHR/Dlg homologous regions) domains, ANK (ankyrin) domains, and RGS (Regulator of G-protein signalling) domains or C-terminal ATP-synthase B subunit. The DH-PH domains bind and catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP on RhoA. RhoGEF2/Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2, p114RhoGEF/p114 Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor, p115RhoGEF, p190RhoGEF, PRG/PDZ Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor, RhoGEF 11, RhoGEF 12, RhoGEF 18, AKAP13/A-kinase anchoring protein 13, and LARG/Leukemia-associated Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor are included in this CD. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354  989 LLYDGLVYWKTATGRFKDILALLLTDVLLFLQEKDQKYI--------FAAVDQKPSVISLQKLIAREVANEERGMFLISA 1060
Cdd:cd13329      1 LIHEGPLTWKVARGKLIEVHVLLLEDLLVLLQKQDDKYLlklhltgsFDSKDTKSPVIKLSTLLVREVATDKKAFFLIST 80

                           90       100
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....
gi 1917203354 1061 SSAGPEMYEIHTNSKEERNNWMRRIQQAV 1089
Cdd:cd13329     81 SKNGPQMYELVANSSSERKTWIKHISDAV 109

protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in the 190 kDa guanine nucleotide exchange factor (p190RhoGEF)-like family; The p190RhoGEF-like protein family includes p190RhoGEF, Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 2 (ARHGEF2), A-kinase anchor protein 13 (AKAP-13) and similar proteins. p190RhoGEF is a brain-enriched, RhoA-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor that regulates signaling pathways downstream of integrins and growth factor receptors. It is involved in axonal branching, synapse formation and dendritic morphogenesis, as well as in focal adhesion formation, cell motility and B-lymphocytes activation. ARHGEF2 acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) that activates Rho-GTPases by promoting the exchange of GDP for GTP. It is thought to play a role in actin cytoskeleton reorganization in different tissues since its activation induces formation of actin stress fibers. AKAP-13 is a scaffold protein that plays an important role in assembling signaling complexes downstream of several types of G protein-coupled receptors. It activates RhoA in response to signaling via G protein-coupled receptors via its function as Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor. It may also activate other Rho family members. AKAP-13 plays a role in cell growth, cell development and actin fiber formation. Members of this family share a common domain architecture containing C1, RhoGEF or Dbl-homologous (DH), and Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domains. Some members may contain additional domains such as the DUF5401 domain. This model describes the C1 domain. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

                           10        20        30        40        50
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1917203354  553 NRHQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKTLLGKESLQCSNCNANVHK-GCKDAAPACTKK 604
Cdd:cd20815      2 NTHQFVPVSFSNSTKCDVCSKPLTNKPALQCENCSVNVHDsSCKDQLADCTKF 54

protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in uncharacterized Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 18 (ARHGEF18)-like proteins; The family includes a group of uncharacterized proteins that show high sequence similarity to vertebrate ARHGEF18, which is also called 114 kDa Rho-specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor (p114-Rho-GEF), p114RhoGEF, or septin-associated RhoGEF (SA-RhoGEF). ARHGEF18 acts as guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA GTPases. Its activation induces formation of actin stress fibers. ARHGEF18 also acts as a GEF for RAC1, inducing production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Members of this family contain C1, RhoGEF or Dbl-homologous (DH), and Pleckstrin Homology (PH) domains, as well as a DUF5401 domain. This model corresponds to the C1 domain. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

                           10        20        30        40        50
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|..
gi 1917203354  553 NRHQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKTLLGKESLQCSNCNANVHKGCKDAAPACTKK 604
Cdd:cd20879      2 NGHQLVPGTFSSCATCSLCSKPLQNRNGLQCLNCAVNVHKNCKTLLTECSSR 53

protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) superfamily; The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains. It contains the motif HX12CX2CXnCX2CX4HX2CX7C, where C and H are cysteine and histidine, respectively; X represents other residues; and n is either 13 or 14. C1 has a globular fold with two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites. It was originally discovered as lipid-binding modules in protein kinase C (PKC) isoforms. C1 domains that bind and respond to phorbol esters (PE) and diacylglycerol (DAG) are referred to as typical, and those that do not respond to PE and DAG are deemed atypical. A C1 domain may also be referred to as PKC or non-PKC C1, based on the parent protein's activity. Most C1 domain-containing non-PKC proteins act as lipid kinases and scaffolds, except PKD which acts as a protein kinase. PKC C1 domains play roles in membrane translocation and activation of the enzyme.

                           10        20        30        40
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1917203354  555 HQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKTLLG--KESLQCSNCNANVHKGCKDAAP 599
Cdd:cd00029      1 HRFVPTTFSSPTFCDVCGKLIWGlfKQGLKCSDCGLVCHKKCLDKAP 47

Protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1) domains (Cysteine-rich domains); Some bind phorbol esters and diacylglycerol. Some bind RasGTP. Zinc-binding domains.

                            10        20        30        40
                    ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*...
gi 1917203354   555 HQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKTLLG--KESLQCSNCNANVHKGCKDAAPA 600
Cdd:smart00109    1 HKHVFRTFTKPTFCCVCRKSIWGsfKQGLRCSECKVKCHKKCADKVPK 48

Leukemia-associated Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor Pleckstrin homology (PH) domain; LARG (also called RhoGEF12) belongs to regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) domain-containing RhoGEFs that are RhoA-selective and directly activated by the Galpha12/13 family of heterotrimeric G proteins. RhoGEFs activate Rho GTPases regulating cytoskeletal structure, gene transcription, and cell migration. LARG contains a N-terminal extension, followed by Dbl homology (DH)-PH domains which bind and catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP on RhoA in addition to a RGS domain. The active site of RhoA adopts two distinct GDP-excluding conformations among the four unique complexes in the asymmetric unit. The LARG PH domain also contains a potential protein-docking site. LARG forms a homotetramer via its DH domains. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354  986 ERTLLYDGLVYWKTATGRFKDILALLLTDVLLFLQEKDQKYIF--------AAVDQKPS---VISLQKLIAREVANEERG 1054
Cdd:cd13390     23 KRKMIHEGPLTWKVNRDKTIDLYTLLLEDILVLLQKQDDRLVLrchskilaSTADSKHTfspVIKLNTVLVRQVATDNKA 102

                           90       100       110
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|...
gi 1917203354 1055 MFLISASSAGPEMYEIHTNSKEERNNWMRRIQQ 1087
Cdd:cd13390    103 FFVISMSENGAQIYELVAQTVSEKTVWQDLITR 135

protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in uncharacterized Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (ARHGEF)-like proteins; The family includes a group of uncharacterized proteins that show high sequence similarity to vertebrate Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factors ARHGEF11 and ARHGEF12, which may play a role in the regulation of RhoA GTPase by guanine nucleotide-binding alpha-12 (GNA12) and alpha-13 (GNA13). Unlike typical ARHGEF11 and ARHGEF12, members of this family contain a C1 domain. This model corresponds to the C1 domain. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

                           10        20        30        40
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1917203354  555 HQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKTL--LGKESLQCSNCNANVHKGCKDA 597
Cdd:cd20832      2 HQFVLQHYYQVTFCNHCSGLLwgIGYQGYQCSDCEFNIHKQCIEV 46

protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in the SH3 and cysteine-rich domain-containing protein (Stac) family; Stac proteins are putative adaptor proteins that are important for neuronal function. There are three mammalian members (Stac1, Stac2 and Stac3) of this family. Stac1 and Stac3 contain two SH3 domains while Stac2 contains a single SH3 domain at the C-terminus. Stac1 and Stac2 have been found to be expressed differently in mature dorsal root ganglia (DRG) neurons. Stac1 is mainly expressed in peptidergic neurons while Stac2 is found in a subset of nonpeptidergic and all trkB+ neurons. Stac proteins contain a cysteine-rich C1 domain and one or two SH3 domains at the C-terminus. This model corresponds to the C1 domain. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

                           10        20        30        40        50
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1917203354  555 HQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKTLLG--KESLQCSNCNANVHKGCKDAAPACTK 603
Cdd:cd20817      1 HSFQEHTFKKPTFCDVCKELLVGlsKQGLRCKNCKMNVHHKCQEGVPDCSG 51

RhoGEF, Guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Rho/Rac/Cdc42-like GTPases [Signal transduction mechanisms];

                           10        20        30        40        50        60        70        80
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354  726 QEFEAESWSLVVDPSFCNRQEKDVIKRQDVIFELMQTEMHHIQTLFIMSEIFRKGMkEELQLDHSTVDK-----IFPCLD 800
Cdd:COG5422    459 FDEEKNLWTLSVPKEVWESLPKQEIKRQEAIYEVIYTERDFVKDLEYLRDTWIKPL-EESNIIPENARRnfikhVFANIN 537

                           90       100       110       120       130       140       150       160
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354  801 ELLEIHRHFFYSMKERRQESCagsdrnfVIDRIGDIlVQQFSEENASKMKKIYGEfcchhKEAVNLF-KELQQNKKFQNF 879
Cdd:COG5422    538 EIYAVNSKLLKALTNRQCLSP-------IVNGIADI-FLDYVPKFEPFIKYGASQ-----PYAKYEFeREKSVNPNFARF 604

                          170       180       190       200       210       220       230       240
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|
gi 1917203354  880 IKLRNSNLLARRRGIPECILLVTQRITKYPVLVERILQYTKERTEEHKDLRKALCLIKDMIATVDLkvnEYEKNQKWLEI 959
Cdd:COG5422    605 DHEVERLDESRKLELDGYLTKPTTRLARYPLLLEEVLKFTDPDNPDTEDIPKVIDMLREFLSRLNF---ESGKAENRGDL 681

                          250       260       270
                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*.
gi 1917203354  960 LnkiENKTYTKLKNGHVfrKQALMSEERTLLYDGLV 995
Cdd:COG5422    682 F---HLNQQLLFKPEYV--NLGLNDEYRKIIFKGVL 712

protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in myotonic dystrophy kinase-related Cdc42-binding kinase gamma (MRCK gamma) and similar proteins; MRCK gamma (MRCKG), also called Cdc42-binding protein kinase gamma, DMPK-like gamma, myotonic dystrophy protein kinase-like gamma, or myotonic dystrophy protein kinase-like alpha, is a serine/threonine-protein kinase expressed in heart and skeletal muscles. It may act as a downstream effector of Cdc42 in cytoskeletal reorganization and contributes to the actomyosin contractility required for cell invasion, through the regulation of MYPT1 and thus MLC2 phosphorylation. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

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gi 1917203354  555 HQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKTLLG--KESLQCSNCNANVHKGCKDAAPAC 601
Cdd:cd20866      1 HTFKPKTFTSPTKCLRCTSLMVGlvRQGLACEACNYVCHVSCAEGAPIC 49

first protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in Saccharomyces cerevisiae protein kinase C-like 1 (ScPKC1) and similar proteins; ScPKC1 is required for cell growth and for the G2 to M transition of the cell division cycle. It mediates a protein kinase cascade, activating BCK1 which itself activates MKK1/MKK2. The family also includes Schizosaccharomyces pombe PKC1 and PKC2, which are involved in the control of cell shape and act as targets of the inhibitor staurosporine. Members of this family contain two copies of the C1 domain. This model corresponds to the first one. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

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gi 1917203354  555 HQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKtLLGKESLQCSNCNANVHKGC 594
Cdd:cd20822      3 HKFVQKQFYQIMRCAVCGE-FLVNAGYQCEDCKYTCHKKC 41

second protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in the family of protein kinase D (PKD); PKDs are important regulators of many intracellular signaling pathways such as ERK and JNK, and cellular processes including the organization of the trans-Golgi network, membrane trafficking, cell proliferation, migration, and apoptosis. They are activated in a PKC-dependent manner by many agents including diacylglycerol (DAG), PDGF, neuropeptides, oxidative stress, and tumor-promoting phorbol esters, among others. Mammals harbor three types of PKDs: PKD1 (or PKCmu), PKD2, and PKD3 (or PKCnu). PKDs contain N-terminal tandem cysteine-rich zinc binding C1 (PKC conserved region 1), central PH (Pleckstrin Homology), and C-terminal catalytic kinase domains. This model corresponds to the second C1 domain. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

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                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1917203354  555 HQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKTLLG--KESLQCSNCNANVHKGCKDAAPA-CT 602
Cdd:cd20796      2 HTFVVHTYTKPTVCQHCKKLLKGlfRQGLQCKDCKFNCHKKCAEKVPKdCT 52

second protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in the classical (or conventional) protein kinase C (cPKC) family; PKCs are classified into three groups (classical, atypical, and novel) depending on their mode of activation and the structural characteristics of their regulatory domain. cPKCs are potent kinases for histones, myelin basic protein, and protamine. They depend on calcium, DAG (1,2-diacylglycerol), and in most cases, phosphatidylserine (PS) for activation. There are four cPKC isoforms, named alpha, betaI, betaII, and gamma. PKC-alpha is expressed in many tissues and is associated with cell proliferation, apoptosis, and cell motility. It plays a role in the signaling of the growth factors PDGF, VEGF, EGF, and FGF. Abnormal levels of PKC-alpha have been detected in many transformed cell lines and several human tumors. In addition, PKC-alpha is required for HER2 dependent breast cancer invasion. The PKC beta isoforms (I and II), generated by alternative splicing of a single gene, are preferentially activated by hyperglycemia-induced DAG (1,2-diacylglycerol) in retinal tissues. This is implicated in diabetic microangiopathy such as ischemia, neovascularization, and abnormal vasodilator function. PKC-beta also plays an important role in VEGF signaling. In addition, glucose regulates proliferation in retinal endothelial cells via PKC-betaI. PKC-beta is also being explored as a therapeutic target in cancer. It contributes to tumor formation and is involved in the tumor host mechanisms of inflammation and angiogenesis. PKC-gamma is mainly expressed in neuronal tissues. It plays a role in protection from ischemia. Members of this family contain two copies of C1 domain. This model corresponds to the second one. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

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                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*..
gi 1917203354  555 HQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKTLLG--KESLQCSNCNANVHKGCKDAAP 599
Cdd:cd20836      1 HKFKVHTYSSPTFCDHCGSLLYGliHQGMKCDTCDMNVHKRCVKNVP 47

protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in VAV3 protein; VAV3 is ubiquitously expressed and functions as a phosphorylation-dependent guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA, RhoG, and Rac1. Its function has been implicated in the hematopoietic, bone, cerebellar, and cardiovascular systems. VAV3 is essential in axon guidance in neurons that control blood pressure and respiration. It is overexpressed in prostate cancer cells and plays a role in regulating androgen receptor transcriptional activity. VAV proteins contain several domains that enable their function: N-terminal calponin homology (CH), acidic, RhoGEF (also called Dbl-homologous or DH), Pleckstrin Homology (PH), C1 (zinc finger), SH2, and two SH3 domains. This model corresponds to the C1 domain. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

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gi 1917203354  548 DKEKLNRHQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKTLLGK--ESLQCSNCNANVHKGCKDAAPACTK 603
Cdd:cd20869      2 DNATSNSHDFKMHTFERVTSCKVCQMLLRGTfyQGYLCSKCGAGAHKECLGRLDSCGR 59

protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in RAS guanyl-releasing protein 2 (RASGRP2) and similar proteins; RASGRP2, also called calcium and DAG-regulated guanine nucleotide exchange factor I (CalDAG-GEFI), Cdc25-like protein (CDC25L), or F25B3.3 kinase-like protein, functions as a calcium- and DAG-regulated nucleotide exchange factor specifically activating Rap through the exchange of bound GDP for GTP. It may also activate other GTPases such as RRAS, RRAS2, NRAS, KRAS but not HRAS. RASGRP2 is also involved in aggregation of platelets and adhesion of T-lymphocytes and neutrophils probably through inside-out integrin activation, as well as in the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M1/CHRM1 signaling pathway. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

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gi 1917203354  555 HQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKTLLG--KESLQCSNCNANVHKGCKD 596
Cdd:cd20861      4 HNFAERTFLRPVACRHCKNLILGiyKQGLKCRACGVNCHKQCKD 47

Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor Pleckstrin homology domain; p115RhoGEF (also called LSC, GEF1 or LBCL2) belongs to regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) domain-containing RhoGEFs that are RhoA-selective and directly activated by the Galpha12/13 family of heterotrimeric G proteins. In addition to the Dbl homology (DH)-PH domain, p115RhoGEF contains an N-terminal RGS (Regulator of G-protein signalling) domain. The DH-PH domains bind and catalyze the exchange of GDP for GTP on RhoA. PH domains have diverse functions, but in general are involved in targeting proteins to the appropriate cellular location or in the interaction with a binding partner. They share little sequence conservation, but all have a common fold, which is electrostatically polarized. Less than 10% of PH domains bind phosphoinositide phosphates (PIPs) with high affinity and specificity. PH domains are distinguished from other PIP-binding domains by their specific high-affinity binding to PIPs with two vicinal phosphate groups: PtdIns(3,4)P2, PtdIns(4,5)P2 or PtdIns(3,4,5)P3 which results in targeting some PH domain proteins to the plasma membrane. A few display strong specificity in lipid binding. Any specificity is usually determined by loop regions or insertions in the N-terminus of the domain, which are not conserved across all PH domains. PH domains are found in cellular signaling proteins such as serine/threonine kinase, tyrosine kinases, regulators of G-proteins, endocytotic GTPases, adaptors, as well as cytoskeletal associated molecules and in lipid associated enzymes.

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gi 1917203354  986 ERTLLYDGLVYWKTATGRFKDILALLLTDVLLFLQEKDQKY--------IFAAVDQK---PSVISLQKLIAREVANEERG 1054
Cdd:cd14679      8 KKKLVHEGPLTWRVTKDKAIEVHVLLLDDLLVLLQKQDERLvlkchsrtTTPTPDGKqmlSPIIKLNSAMTREVATDRKA 87

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                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*
gi 1917203354 1055 MFLISASSAGPEMYEIHTNSKEERNNWMRRIQQAV 1089
Cdd:cd14679     88 FYVIFTWEQGAQIYELVAQTVSERKNWCALISETA 122

protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in VAV2 protein; VAV2 is widely expressed and functions as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for RhoA, RhoB and RhoG and also activates Rac1 and Cdc42. It is implicated in many cellular and physiological functions including blood pressure control, eye development, neurite outgrowth and branching, EGFR endocytosis and degradation, and cell cluster morphology, among others. It has been reported to associate with Nek3. VAV proteins contain several domains that enable their function: N-terminal calponin homology (CH), acidic, RhoGEF (also called Dbl-homologous or DH), Pleckstrin Homology (PH), C1 (zinc finger), SH2, and two SH3 domains. This model corresponds to the C1 domain. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

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                   ....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|....*....|.
gi 1917203354  553 NRHQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKTLLGK--ESLQCSNCNANVHKGCKDAAPAC 601
Cdd:cd20868      4 NHHNFQMYTFDKTTNCKACKMLLRGTfyQGYYCSKCGAGAHKECLEVIPPC 54

protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in the Raf (Rapidly Accelerated Fibrosarcoma) kinase family; Raf kinases are serine/threonine kinases (STKs) that catalyze the transfer of the gamma-phosphoryl group from ATP to serine/threonine residues on protein substrates. They act as mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinases (MAP3Ks, MKKKs, MAPKKKs), which phosphorylate and activate MAPK kinases (MAPKKs or MKKs or MAP2Ks), which in turn phosphorylate and activate MAPKs during signaling cascades that are important in mediating cellular responses to extracellular signals. They function in the linear Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway that regulates many cellular processes including cycle regulation, proliferation, differentiation, survival, and apoptosis. Aberrant expression or activation of components in this pathway are associated with tumor initiation, progression, and metastasis. Raf proteins contain a Ras binding domain, a zinc finger cysteine-rich domain (C1), and a catalytic kinase domain. Vertebrates have three Raf isoforms (A-, B-, and C-Raf) with different expression profiles, modes of regulation, and abilities to function in the ERK cascade, depending on cellular context and stimuli. They have essential and non-overlapping roles during embryo- and organogenesis. Knockout of each isoform results in a lethal phenotype or abnormality in most mouse strains. This model describes the C1 domain. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

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gi 1917203354  555 HQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKTLLgkESLQCSNCNANVHKGCKDAAPA 600
Cdd:cd20811      3 HNFVRKTFFTLAFCDVCRKLLF--QGFRCQTCGFKFHQRCSDQVPA 46

second protein kinase C conserved region 1 (C1 domain) found in diacylglycerol kinase eta (DAG kinase eta) and similar proteins; Diacylglycerol (DAG) kinase (EC 2.7.1.107) is a lipid kinase that phosphorylates diacylglycerol to form phosphatidic acid. DAG kinase eta, also called diglyceride kinase eta (DGK-eta), plays a key role in promoting cell growth. It is classified as a type II DAG kinase (DGK), containing pleckstrin homology (PH) and sterile alpha motifs (SAM) domains, in addition to C1 and catalytic domains that are present in all DGKs. The SAM domain mediates oligomerization of type II DGKs. The diacylglycerol kinase eta gene, DGKH, is a replicated risk gene of bipolar disorder (BPD). DAG kinase eta contains two copies of the C1 domain. This model corresponds to the second one. The C1 domain is a cysteine-rich zinc binding domain that does not bind DNA nor possess structural similarity to conventional zinc finger domains; it contains two separate Zn(2+)-binding sites.

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gi 1917203354  555 HQFAPGTFSGVLQCLVCDKT---LLGKESLQCSNCNANVHKGCKDAAP 599
Cdd:cd20894      6 HQWLEGNLPVSAKCSVCDKTcgsVLRLQDWRCLWCKAMVHTACKDQYP 53